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作者： PORTIA N. KLASS（茉莉）山东大学

学位级别：硕士

South Africa affectionately known as a "Rainbow nation" gained its independence in 1994 from the authoritative apartheid regime. After years of oppression, segregation, racial exclusion and inequality the rainbow nation was born giving hope to many who finally were ready for equality, freedom and racial inclusion. The country also rose from sanctions and exclusion from the international community to becoming one of the Africa’s economically and industrialized able state. With this, South Africa was placed in the global arena, and in a context which enabled its greater engagement with the rest of the world and Africa, born from racism the new South Africa placed emphasis on nation-building, ubuntu （oneness） and emerging nationalism. The new South Africa however gave birth to discrimination and exclusion （new racism）.On April 2015, violence broke out in Durban directed towards migrants especially the ones of African origin, resulting in brutal killings of six people, looting in foreign owned shops as well as misplacements of thousands of foreigners who sought solace in police stations, churches, mosques and refugee camps. This was not the first time these attacks happened, their history can be traced to as early as 1994, since then xenophobic violence directed towards African immigrants has escalated regardless of the influx of migrants coming into South Africa. This has caused tremendous concern and frustrations in and outside South Africa. In the contemporary South Africa, politics of exclusion and inclusion have taken a different and new form, where migrants from Africa are excluded and targeted while white migrants from Europe and other countries are embraced and *** concept of xenophobia is explained as fear of something strange and foreign, however, in South Africa this is directed only towards African foreigners. xenophobia is a complex phenomenon which involves scapegoating of foreigners as well as politics of access. This thesis argues that the xeno

关键词： xenophobia scapegoat racial exclusion nationalism apartheid migrants

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Zombies, xenophobia, and the Never-Ending Battle with ＂The Other＂

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Cultural and Religious Studies 2014年第2期2卷 109-117页

作者： Ashley Carranza California State University Fullerton USA

This article mainly tells us about the zombies, xenophobia, and the Never-Ending Battle with＂The other＂, the solution to problems is too often placed upon the shoulders of scapegoats through the process of ostracization and persecution. It is in this diverting and obscured vein that zombie fiction serves as a zeitgeist for unspoken fears and frustrations fed by gross national reaction to cultural threat.

关键词： zombies xenophobia film culture

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Focus on the Crucial Elections in the Netherlands, France, and Germany： The Macron-Merkel Ship Sets Sail to Rebuild the EU

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International Relations and Diplomacy 2018年第2期6卷 84-92页

作者： Shinitchi Ishii Kanagawa University YokohamaJapan

In the past three years from 2015 through 2017, Europe has been confronted by the multiple challenges of terror attacks, Greek debt crisis, strains caused by a massive influx of migrants, Brexit and the America First Policy of US President Trump. These tensions are generating strong pressures to rebuild the EU. In France, the ambitious centrist Emmanuel Macron at the age of 39, staved off the challenge of the far right Marine Le Pen to win a crushing victory in the May 2017 presidential election. Macron has been dubbed the third transformative president in the footsteps of Charles de Gaulle and Fran？ois Mitterrand. Macron afterwards laid out his vision for rebuilding the EU in a speech at the Sorbonne in Paris. In the German federal election, the CDU/CSU, led by Angela Merkel, plunged to 33% of the vote and its coalition partner the center-left SPD, suffered a historic defeat with only 22%. The xenophobic nationalist Alternative for Germany conversely rose to become the third largest party in the Bundestag with 94 seats and 12.6%. But after many twists and turns, the Macron-Merkel ship has set sail in quest of an “annus mirabilis” that will herald a new age in 2018.

关键词： influx of migrants Brexit rebuilding the EU xenophobia

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The Power Shift： National Anxiety, Territorial Dispute, and Trans-Regional Cooperation in Asia and the US Role

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International Relations and Diplomacy 2015年第3期3卷 209-219页

作者： Kumiko Haba Aoyama Gakuin University Tokyo Japan

＂Power Shift＂ is used as the emerging Asia （emerging China and India） and declining US, European Union （EU） and Japan in the contemporary world. In parallel, it is used as raising territorial disputes and xenophobia in Asia and Europe, especially in East Asia, Japan, China, and Korea. However, Asian economic development and high economic growth rate attracts the US and the EU to Asian region, not a conflict, and it demands Asian stable development, rather than unstable territorial disputes. Angas Maddison Statistics, International Monetary Fund （IMF） and World Bank also shows that China will surpass the USA by Purchasing power parity （PPP） based Gross domestic product （GDP） economically in 2015. The world of the 21st century is not unilateral, but multilateral or multipolar system, and the sift is already starting from the American continent to the Asian continent. How does it ensure the Asian stability and how does it guarantee the collaboration and prosperity between Asian countries and the world？ And how does the United States uses Asian pivot and Asian rebalance strategy？ The analysis of these policies are extremely important for considering the future of the world system. In this article, the author investigates the rise and fall of the great powers in the transition era, and develops economics, knowledge and science technology in the near future. Especially the author investigates the importance of making networks of the think-tanks, and to strengthen the relationship between nation states and regions under the conflict and antagonism.

关键词： power shift xenophobia emerging Asia territorial dispute US rebalance and pivot strategy AngusMaddison statistics multipolar system

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Sub-Saharan Migrants in Moroccan Print Media:Discourses of Violence,Security,and Illegality before and after the Migration Reform

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Asian Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies 2023年第2期17卷 151-169页

作者： Salim Dib Kebir Sandy Department of English Studies Dhar El MahrazSidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah UniversityFezMorocco

Morocco currently occupies a curious position as both a country of transit and a country of installation for migrants originating from Sub-Saharan *** though the new migration policy reform has provided migrants with some new rights,public opinion is still unready to shape and reshape their perceptions of’black’African *** situation of those migrants has grabbed media attention,especially in newspapers;hundreds of articles and reports have been written in newspapers,criticising or denouncing the *** the currently available body research has tended to neglect the linguistic ways in which such media convey meaning along the side of their use of images,little attention has been paid to language-based *** such,this paper scrutinises(i)the depiction of Sub-Saharan migrants in Moroccan print newspapers headlines before and after the migration reform,and(ii)it considers how reports on‘black’African migrants in Morocco may lead to propagating stereotypical acts and xenophobia towards this *** study examines the topics covered and reveals the patterns used in the coverage of related topics,such as illegality and violence,before and after the new migration policy in *** these objectives in mind,this study is based on qualitative data of news items and reports from the two daily printed newspapers,Assabah and *** on Critical Discourse Analysis and Content Analysis has demonstrated an overgeneralisation of Sub-Saharan migrants in news headlines in *** results also show a dramatic change in the thematic coverage during the selected period.

关键词： Sub-Saharan migrants headlines newspapers xenophobia critical discourse analysis content analysis

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Inclusion and Exclusion in Higher Education:What Are the Factors Influencing Discrimination Against International Students in South Africa?

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Sociology Study 2021年第2期11卷 57-65页

作者： Victoria Modupe Philips University of Johannesburg JohannesburgSouth Africa

The South African higher education system is one of the most diverse systems in Africa with a high percentage of international ***,there are many factors that create discrimination against these individuals and those who would aspire to further their education in South *** diversity found within universities creates an environment where all different opinions can be heard which allows for vibrant discussion among classmates and professors ***,this lack of representation also has its downsides as some schools do not have enough resources or staff members dedicated specifically to foreign student needs leaving them feeling marginalized on *** research contributes to the theoretical understanding of factors affecting the discrimination of international students in South *** also improves our empirical knowledge of two major factors:lack of familiarity with backgrounds outside one’s own culture or country as well as religious differences within communities which may lead to biases based on religion rather than other qualities such as appearance or language fluency;but it remains unclear if these disparities exist due to prejudices held by individuals at school for reasons unrelated to racism(though cultural difference already increases exclusion).

关键词： immigrant student prejudice xenophobia racism

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The State of White Supremacy in America:It Is Time to Stand Together

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Journal of Philosophy Study 2019年第5期9卷 287-291页

作者： Remi Alapo David Rockefeller Institute for Peace and Leadership Inc.New YorkUSA

The United States has numerous social-cultural issues affecting its *** of these problems is white *** concept refers to a racist perception that white persons are naturally superior to individuals of other races and should thus dominate *** white supremacy in previous centuries galvanized a lot of support among white people,the concept is now regarded vicious by white,African American,Latino as well as other *** modern American society is structured under cultural sensitiveness,racial equality,and religious *** the years of slavery or reconstruction,all citizens in the United States are afforded equal rights irrespective of their cultural ***,white supremacist notions persist in a nation that prides itself for its democratic model,cultural diversity,religious tolerance and socioeconomic *** state of white supremacy is that America can be manifested by violence,imperialistic tendencies,discrimination in the society,unfair immigration policies,poor political leadership,and the deplorable role of the *** the growing number of atrocities being committed around the United States by both members of identified and non-identified white supremacist group,it is time to address this issue *** paper,is a constructive discussion venting the many ills of racial discrimination in every aspect that affects minorities at all spheres of the society and the deplorable state of white supremacy in America.

关键词： discrimination hate crime human rights immigration racial disparities racial justice racism reparations stereotype superiority complex US imperialism white fragility visible minorities white supremacy xenophobia

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Analysis of the situation and root causes of racial discrimination among Asian Americans during the COVID-19 epidemic

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History & Philosophy of Medicine 2022年第4期4卷 11-15页

作者： Sylvia Liu Qing-Xian Liu The University of Sydney NSW 2006Australia Department of Neurology Zhejiang Rongjun Hospital(The Third Hospital Affiliated to Medical school of Jiaxing University)Jiaxing 314000China

Looking back on the *** situation the past two and a half *** Trump administration’s previous policy of"non-resistance to the novel coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)"resulted in the loss of control of the COVID-19(coronavirus disease 2019)epidemic,rising deaths,and economic *** such as racism and xenophobia against Asian descent have become increasingly apparent in the United States and *** people are struggling to cope with the raging epidemic of the COVID-19 epidemic and are eager to return to normal life and work as soon as possible,the recognition of human universal values and mutual respect among various races are particularly *** and xenophobia have caused a series of *** COVID-19 epidemic pandemic requires special attention and *** February 12,2021,the new *** Biden,in his video congratulating the traditional Chinese New Year,addressed racism,harassment and *** Joe Biden said,"This is completely ***,regardless of their *** the language,background,religion,or language they speak,they all deserve equal treatment and due dignity."It is hoped that the new US President(Joseph Robinette Biden)can eliminate the"white supremacy"racism and promote equality and harmony among all *** paper analyzes the historical roots of racial discrimination in the United States,especially the suffering of Chinese Americans.

关键词： COVID-19 Asian American xenophobia racism

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