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Tracking the phase transformation and microstructural evolution of Sn anode using operando synchrotron x-ray energy-dispersive diffraction and x-ray tomography

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第1期76卷 429-437,I0011页

作者： Kang Dong Fu Sun Andre Hilger Paul H.Kamm Markus Osenberg Francisco Garcia-Moreno Ingo Manke Institute of Applied Materials Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin fur Materialien und EnergieHahn-Meitner-Platz 1Berlin 14109Germany Institute of Materials Science and Technology Technische Universitat BerlinHardenbergstraβe 36Berlin 10623Germany Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences189 Songling RoadQingdao 266101ShandongChina

Tin(Sn)holds great promise as an anode material for next-generation lithium(Li)ion batteries but suffers from massive volume change and poor cycling *** clarify the dynamic chemical and microstructural evolution of Sn anode during lithiation and delithiation,synchrotron x-ray energydispersive diffraction and x-ray tomography are simultaneously employed during Li/Sn cell *** intermediate Li-Sn alloy phases during de/lithiation are identified,and their dynamic phase transformation is unraveled which is further correlated with the volume variation of the Sn at particle-and ***,we find that the Sn particle expansion/shrinkage induced particle displacement is anisotropic:the displacement perpendicular to the electrode surface(z-axis)is more pronounced compared to the directions(x-and y-axis)along the electrode *** anisotropic particle displacement leads to an anisotropic volume variation at the electrode level and eventually generates a net electrode expansion towards the separator after cycling,which could be one of the root causes of mechanical detachment and delamination of electrodes during long-term *** unraveled chemical evolution of Li-Sn and deep insights into the microstructural evolution of Sn anode provided here could guide future design and engineering of Sn and other alloy anodes for high energy density Li-and Na-ion batteries.

关键词： Sn anode Li-Sn phase transformation x-ray tomography Operando x-ray diffraction Anisotropic displacement Digital volume correlation(DVC)

Quantifying the Influences of Carbides and Porosities on the Fatigue Crack Evolution of a Ni-Based Single-Crystal Superalloy using x-ray tomography

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2022年第1期35卷 133-145页

作者： Keli Liu Junsheng Wang Bing Wang Pengcheng Mao Yanhong Yang Yizhou Zhou School of Materials Science&Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China Center for Micro and Nano Technologies Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China Superalloys Division Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China

The detrimental effects of carbides and porosity on the fatigue crack initiation and propagation of nickel-based single-crystal superalloys have been reported by many previous ***,few studies have quantitatively compared the fatigue damaging effects of carbides and pores on the fatigue crack *** this study,a high-resolution x-ray computed tomography(xCT)characterization of a DD5 nickel-based single-crystal superalloy during fatigue test was *** evolution of carbides,pores and cracks at all stages was observed and *** order to quantify the 3D microstructures,a new damage factor that correlates the morphology of fracture surface with crack evolution behaviors was *** was found that porosity was more detrimental than carbides in crack initiation and propagation during fatigue ***,pore spacing has been found to be the most significant factor among all controlling pore characteristics in the crack initiation stage and sphericity is the most critical pore characteristic in the crack propagation ***,by statistically analyzing the evolution of carbides and pores during fatigue tests in this study,the underlying fatigue cracking mechanism of nickel-based superalloys is revealed.

关键词： x-ray tomography Ni-based superalloys Fatigue Porosity Carbide Crack initiation Crack propagation

Studies of Microstructure of Kernels of Macadamia integrifolia and Its Hybrids through MRI, x-ray tomography and Confocal Microscopy

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Journal of Food Science and Engineering 2013年第9期3卷 503-516页

作者： Warangkana Srichamnong Bill Price Timothy Gardner Ryan Dean Ervan Plougonven Angelique Leonard George Srzednicki School of Chemical Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney 2032 Australia Institute of Nutrition Mahidol University Nakhonpathon 73170 Thailand Nanoscale Organisation and Dynamics Group College of Health and Science Campbelltown Campus University of Western Sydney Penrith South NSW 2751 Australia Department of Chemistry Universite de Likge Liege Belgium

The aim of this study was to apply the existing techniques that enable examination ofmacadamia kernels to provide a better understanding of physico-chemical properties of kernels during postharvest processing. These techniques, such as x-ray tomography, could be applied for quality monitoring in the macadamia industry. The objectives of this study were to investigate the browning centre symptoms that usually occur in macadamia nuts-in-shell. The applied techniques included confocal microscopy, x-ray tomography and magnetic resonance imaging （MRI）. Five different varieties of macadamia nuts （A38, 246, 816, 842 and Daddow） were selected to include distinct characteristics, such as drop pattern and growing location. Analysis of the microstructure of kernels by confocal microscopy showed the distribution of possible brown pigment compounds as well as the distribution of lipids, carbohydrates and proteins inside macadamia cells. Physical properties data, including shell density and seed to volume ratio, were obtained by x-ray tomography. Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging used in this study showed marked differences in microstructure which indicate that different varieties exhibit different microstructures expressed as fraction ofanisotropy and apparent diffusion coefficient that appear to be related to the occurrence of the brown centre. Hence, the findings of this study have potential to improve the existing postharvest techniques used in the macadamia processing industry. They will be of benefit to the industry in terms of improved quality control and cost reduction.

关键词： Macadamia integrifolia microstructure magnetic resonance imaging confocal microscopy x-ray tomography

Damage evolution analysis of SRM under compression using x-ray tomography and numerical simulation

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Damage evolution analysis of SRM under compression using X-r...

Tectonic evolution of the Karakoram metamorphic complex(NW Himalayas)reflected in the 3D structures of spiral garnets:Insights from x-ray computed micro-tomography

中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所2015年度（第15届）学术年会

作者： Y.Wang x.Li Y.F.Wu Key Laboratory of Engineering Geomechanics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of Science

The soil-rock mixture(SRM)is a special inhomogeneous multiphase geomaterial,the study of the SRM’s damage characteristic is crucial to the stability of *** paper explores the use of high-resolution x-ray tomography and Realistic Failure Process Analysis code(RFPA2)to identify the damage mechanism and the cracking process of SRM during compressive loading.x-ray tomography images were used to extract defects of SRM specimen under different compressive loadings,also damage characteristics of region of interest(ROI)were analysed by x-ray *** simulation was conducted to describe the damage characteristics with damage element number(DEN)recorded during *** show that x-ray tomography and numerical simulation based on RFPAare complementary good methods to research the damage evolution of *** characteristics of SRM are progressive;cracking begins from rock—soil jointed interfaces,and then propagates into soil matrix,and the growth of crack-shear band and macro-pore finally result in the failure of SRM.

关键词： Soil-rock mixture(SRM) damage evolution x-ray tomography numerical simulation damage element number(DEN)

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第3期12卷 528-540页

作者： M.Sayab D.Aerden J.Kuva W.U.Hassan Geological Survey of Finland P.O.Box 96FI-02151 EspooFinland Departamento de Geodinámica and IACT-CSIC Universidad de GranadaGranada 18002Spain National Centre of Excellence in Geology University of PeshawarPeshawar 25130Pakistan

Spiral garnet porphyroblasts are known to record lengthy periods of deformation and metamorphism by preserving single or multiple FIAs(Foliation Intersection Axis)formed normal to tectonic shortening *** to technological advances in x-ray computed micro-tomography(xCMT),FIAs can now be readily determined in relatively large samples in contrast to previous methods that require the preparation of a set of radial vertical and horizontal thin sections of *** scanning not only alleviates tedious thin section based procedures but also illuminates the complete internal architecture of a rock sample allowing three-dimensional(3D)quantitative shape analysis of an individual porphyroblast as well as precise measurement of *** applied the technique to a sample from the Hunza Valley in the Karakoram metamorphic complex(KMC),NW Himalayas,containing numerous garnet porphyroblasts with spiral-shaped inclusion *** xCMT imaging reveals an E-W trending FIA within the sample,which is consistent with orthogonal N-S collision of the India-Kohistan Island Arc with *** long axes(x_(GT))have variable plunges that define a broad sub-vertical maximum and a small sub-horizontal *** x_(GT) principle maxima lie at N-090 and *** maxima lie at N-020 and *** relationships between x_(GT) axes and FIA orientation in the sample suggest that porphyroblast shapes are controlled by the geometry of the lens-shaped microlithons in which they tend to nucleate and *** orientation of inclusion trails and matrix foliations in the sample are correlated with three discrete tectono-metamorphic events that respectively produced andalusite,sillimanite and kyanite in the *** staurolite growth in the sample reveals how the rocks extruded to the surface via a significant role of roll-on tectonics,which can be correlated with the Central Himalayas.

关键词： Porphyroblast Garnet FIA x-ray tomography Karakoram Himalayas

Evolution of micro-pores in a single crystal nickel-based superalloy during 980℃ creep

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2022年第8期35卷 1397-1406页

作者： Yufeng He Shaogang Wang Jian Shen Dong Wang Yuzhang Lu Langhong Lou Jian Zhang Superalloys Division Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China

The evolution of micro-pores in a single crystal nickel-based superalloy during creep at 980 ℃/220 MPa was investigated by x-ray computed tomography. Time-dependent ex-situ 3D information including the number, volume fraction, distribution and morphology of micro-pores was analyzed. The results reveal that the signifi cant formation and growth of micro-pores occur at the end of secondary/beginning of tertiary creep stage. The irregular large pores as well as high density pores located at strain concentration region are the major detrimental factors facilitating the creep damage. Creep failure is resulted from the connection of surface cracks induced by oxidation, and the internal cracks generated from growth and merging of micro-pores.

关键词： Single crystal superalloy Creep damage Micro-pore evolution x-ray tomography

Characteristics of a gold-doped electrode for application in high-performance lithium-sulfur battery

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第1期31卷 116-128,I0004页

作者： Vittorio Marangon Daniele Di Lecce Dan J.L.Brett Paul R.Shearing Jusef Hassoun University of Ferrara Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesVia Fossato di Mortara 17Ferrara44121Italy Electrochemical Innovation Lab Department of Chemical EngineeringUCLLondon WC1E 7JEUnited Kingdom The Faraday Institution Quad OneBecquerel AveHarwell CampusDidcot OX11 ORAUnited Kingdom National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology(INSTM) University of Ferrara Research UnitUniversity of FerraraVia Fossato di Mortara17Ferrara 44121Italy

Bulk sulfur incorporating 3 wt% gold nano-powder is investigated as possible candidate to maximize the fraction of active material in the Li-S battery *** material is prepared via simple mixing of gold with molten sulfur at 120℃,quenching at room temperature,and *** comprehensive study reports relevant electrochemical data,advanced x-ray computed tomography(CT)imaging of the positive and negative electrodes,and a thorough structural and morphological characterization of the S:Au 97:3 w/w *** cathode exhibits high rate capability within the range from C/10 to 1C,a maximum capacity above 1300 mAh gs^(-1),and capacity retention between 85%and 91%after 100 cycles at 1C and C/3 *** novel formulation enables a sulfur fraction in the composite cathode film as high as 78 wt%,an active material loading of 5.7 mg cm^(-2),and an electrolyte/sulfur(E/S)ratio of 5μL mg^(-1),which lead to a maximum areal capacity of 5.4 mAh cm^(-2).x-ray CT at the micro-and nanoscale reveals the microstructural features of the positive electrode that favor fast conversion kinetics in the *** analysis of sulfur distribution in the porous cathode displays that electrodeposition during the initial cycle may trigger an activation process in the cell leading to improved ***,the tomography study reveals the characteristics of the lithium anode and the cell separator upon a galvanostatic test prolonged over 300 cycles at a 2C rate.

关键词： Lithium-sulfur battery Sulfur loading Electrolyte/sulfur ratio Gold nanoparticles x-ray tomography

Characterization of 3D microstructure,thermal conductivity,and heat flow of cement-based foam using imaging technique

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2021年第3期15卷 643-651页

作者： Farnaz BATOOL Muhammad Saad KHAN Vivek BINDIGANAVILE Department of Civil Engineering NED University of Engineering&TechnologyKarachi75270Pakistan Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonT6G2R3Canada

This study presents the results of the 3D microstructure,thermal conductivity,and heat flow in cement-based foams and examines their changes with a range of *** were captured using x-ray micro computed tomography(micro-CT)imaging technique on cement-based foam samples prepared with densities of 400,600,and 800 kg/m^(3).These images were later simulated and quantified using 3D data visualization and analysis *** on the analysis,the pore volume of 11000µm^(3)was determined across the three densities,leading to optimal ***,distinct pore diameters of 15µm for 800 kg/m^(3),and 20µm for 600 and 400 kg/m^(3)were found to be *** of the pores were spherical,with only 10%appearing elongated or *** addition,a difference of 15%was observed between the 2D and 3D porosity ***,a difference of 5%was noticed between the experimentally measured thermal conductivity and the numerically predicted value and this variation was constant across the three cast *** 3D model showed that heat flows through the cement paste solids and with an increase in porosity this flow reduces.

关键词： 3D pore volume distribution x-ray tomography 3D shape factor heat flow

Investigation of Material Properties Based on 3D Graphite Morphology for Compacted Graphite Iron

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第6期37卷 1077-1086页

作者： Chenglu Zou Yan Zhao Gang Zhu Jianchao Pang Shaogang Wang Yangzhen Liu Feng Liu Shouxin Li Zhefeng Zhang Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China School of Mechanical Engineering Liaoning Petrochemical UniversityFushun113001China Institute of Advance Wear and Corrosion Resistant and Functional Materials Jinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China Jihua Laboratory Foshan528200China Key Laboratory of Pressure Systems and Safety Ministry of EducationSchool of Mechanical and Power EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237China

The strength and thermal conductivity of compacted graphite iron(CGI)are crucial performance indicators in its engineering *** presence of graphite in CGI significantly influences the two *** the previous studies,graphite in CGI was often described using two-dimensional(2D)*** this study,the three-dimensional(3D)size,shape,and distribution of graphite in CGI were analyzed using x-ray *** on this,a new method is introduced to calculate the 3D vermicularity and compare it with the 2D vermicularity in terms of tensile properties and thermal *** results demonstrate that vermicular graphite exhibits greater connectivity in 3D observation compared to 2D ***,the calculation method of 3D vermicularity is determined by considering the surface area and volume of the connected *** a linear relationship between 3 and 2D vermicularity has been *** comparing the correlation coefficient,it has been found that the 3D vermicularity offers a more accurate method to establish the relationship among graphite morphology,thermal conductivity and tensile property of CGI.

关键词： Compacted graphite iron 3D graphite morphology x-ray tomography Thermal conductivity Tensile property