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Edmund Husserl＇s Political Praxis and Theoretical Reflections during world war i

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Frontiers of Philosophy in China 2014年第2期9卷 241-253页

作者： Ni Liangkang Department of Philosophy Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China

Husserl the philosopher personally experienced world war i breaking out 100 years ago. Like most German and Austrian commoners, at the initial stage of the war, Husserl was extremely passionate for it. After undergoing the cruelty of war and losing many relatives and friends, he was once enmeshed in extreme confusion and disappointment, albeit he still made every effort to offer spiritual and ethical support to the soldiers at the front. Along with the proceeding of the war, he soon changed his views with respect to this war and confessed that more and deeper reflections were needed to address issues about problems of nationality, super-national ethics and about problems of wars relevant to them. He made philosophical theoretical reflections with regard to this war after it ended, and presented, eventually, requirements for himself： to be satisfied with taking the possibility of the practical activities of philosophy as the topic of philosophical theoretical study and to give up, in drastic fashion, the intention in such philosophical practices as providing political proposals and exerting political influences, ＂living purely as a scientific philosopher.＂

关键词： Husserl world war i political practice theoretical reflections

Australia and“the Enemy at Home”in world war i

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world History Studies 2020年第2期7卷 1-14页

作者： Peter Monteath College of Humanities Arts and Social SciencesFlinders UniversityAdelaideAustralia

Although the origins of the First world war lay primarily in Europe,its impact was felt across the world,including in China and in *** the historical literature on Australian involvement in the war,there are two main points of focus,namely the unsuccessful military campaign in Turkey in 1915 and the campaign during the fi nal years of the war on the Western Front in *** paper,however,shifts attention back to the other side of the world,to the Asia-Pacifi c region and to Australia *** particular the paper focuses on the ways in which Australia dealt with its“enemy at home”,that is,with Germans living in Australia at the time of the outbreak of *** is argued that participation in the First world war pulled Australia in two different ***,through its role as a belligerent power,Australia became a more signifi cant player in regional and world affairs than it had been before the ***,Australia adopted a narrower understanding of its national identity,and one which was not well suited to its new international role.

关键词： internment Australian History world war i National identity

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英国视角下的英日一战海军合作

世界史 2018年第6期 104-113页

作者：胡杰

第一次世界大战爆发后，英国对英日海军合作的态度经历了从限制日本参战，到积极寻求日本护航合作，再到全力争取其赴欧参战的变化过程。这一变化反映了战争形势发展的跌宕起伏。英日海军合作主要体现在青岛之战、夺取德属南太平洋领地... 详细信息

第一次世界大战爆发后，英国对英日海军合作的态度经历了从限制日本参战，到积极寻求日本护航合作，再到全力争取其赴欧参战的变化过程。这一变化反映了战争形势发展的跌宕起伏。英日海军合作主要体现在青岛之战、夺取德属南太平洋领地与印度洋—太平洋护航、地中海护航三个方面。英日海军合作有效地弥补了英国海军力量的不足，对于夺取德国海外领地、确保协约国海上交通线的安全意义重大。但日本的持续扩张势头也引起了英帝国自治领和美国的不安。一战后日本同英美的矛盾持续上升，这为英日同盟的解体和未来的太平洋战争埋下了伏笔。

关键词：一战英国日本海军合作 world war i Britain Japan naval cooperation

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第一次世界大战期间俄国难民的疏散与救助

Social Policies in the Thirties in Europe:Crisis and Solution-The italian Case

世界史 2022年第10期

作者：王学礼

受“焦土政策”和“间谍恐惧症”的影响，一战期间俄国疏散了大量难民。大规模疏散难民不仅使前线附近地区数以百万计的居民流离失所，而且使本已严重赤字的战时俄国财政雪上加霜，造成了粮食、住房、交通、公共卫生等多重危机。俄国政... 详细信息

受“焦土政策”和“间谍恐惧症”的影响，一战期间俄国疏散了大量难民。大规模疏散难民不仅使前线附近地区数以百万计的居民流离失所，而且使本已严重赤字的战时俄国财政雪上加霜，造成了粮食、住房、交通、公共卫生等多重危机。俄国政府和社会组织为疏散和救助难民采取了多项措施，在疏散途中为难民提供了基本的食品和医疗救治，多数难民在较短时间内被疏散到了后方。政府层面有关难民事务的最高领导机构是隶属于内务部的难民安置特别会议，负责难民疏散和救助的社会组织主要有塔季扬娜委员会、全俄地方自治联盟、全俄城市联盟以及民族救助组织等。然而，短时间内难民人数的激增给疏散和救助工作带来很大困难，难民疏散和救助常常处于无序和混乱状态。难民疏散和救助中存在的主要问题是疏散难民的交通工具严重不足、缺少组织性和计划性以及疏散途中医疗卫生条件欠佳所导致的传染病泛滥。

关键词：第一次世界大战俄国难民难民安置特别会议塔季扬娜委员会 world war i Russia refugee Special Conference on Refugee Resettlement Tatyana Committee

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international Relations and Diplomacy 2021年第4期9卷 158-165页

作者： Maria Teresa Giusti University“G.d’Annunzio”of Chieti-Pescara AbruzzoItaly

Drawing from historiography and literature on the subject and considering the consequences produced on the European society by world war i and the 1929 Wall Street Crisis,this article aims at analysing some aspects of the fascist construction of welfare *** model suggested by the fascist regime in the thirties was a typical totalitarian welfare state,which used social policies to strengthen the home front and to build consensus for the *** the fascist regime had the war as its goal,it did not mobilize the country on the eve of world war ii,but preferred to invest in social assistance and welfare,for reasons of political ***,the analysis of fascist social policy measures,such as social security,points out that some flaws in the social security system,such as excessive spending,or the categorical approach to assistance and social security typical of fascism,were borrowed from republican italy.

关键词： world war i Fascism Propaganda Welfare State Social Policies

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