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世界贸易组织(world trade organization)

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能源研究与利用 2001年第6期 5-5页

世界贸易组织(world trade organization)

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四川有色金属 2002年第1期 12-12页

世界贸易组织(world trade organization)简介

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测绘技术装备 2001年第2期3卷 45-45页

作者：本刊编辑部

1994年4月15日在摩洛哥的马拉喀什市举行的关贸总协定乌拉圭回合部长会议决定成立更具全球性的世界贸易组织(WTO),以取代成立于1947年的关贸总协定(GATT)。世贸组织是一个独立于联合国的永久性国际组织。该组织的基本原则和宗旨是通过... 详细信息

1994年4月15日在摩洛哥的马拉喀什市举行的关贸总协定乌拉圭回合部长会议决定成立更具全球性的世界贸易组织(WTO),以取代成立于1947年的关贸总协定(GATT)。世贸组织是一个独立于联合国的永久性国际组织。该组织的基本原则和宗旨是通过实施市场开放、非歧视和公平贸易等原则,来达到推动实现世界贸易自由化的目标。1995年1月1日正式开始运作,负责管理世界经济和贸易秩序,总部设在日内瓦莱蒙湖畔的关贸总协定总部大楼内。1996年1月1日,它正式取代关

关键词：世贸组织 world trade organization 经济联合国关贸总协定关税及贸易总协定

No country is an island in regulating food safety:How the WTO monitors Chinese food safety laws through the trade Policy Review Mechanism(TPRM)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第11期14卷 2142-2156页

作者： Francis Snyder Northwest A&F University School of Transnational Law Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School College of Europe

Established within the framework of the world trade organization （WTO）, the trade Policy Review Mechanism （TPRM） reviews periodically the trade policies of all WTO Members. The review includes many aspects of food safety regulation. China＇s trade policy is reviewed every two years. This paper analyses in detail the reviews of China＇s trade policy in 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012 and 2014. It focuses in particular on food safety laws and types of standards, alignment of domestic standards with international standards, the role of different domestic institutions, transparency and notification of food safety measures under the WTO agreements on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures （SPS） and on Technical Barriers to trade （TBTAgreement）, import and export, and geographical indications （GIs）. It concludes that the WTO TPRM can contribute, within its mandate, to reform of Chinese food safety laws and improvement of food safety in China. it notes that China has already undertaken substantial reforms of its system for regulating food safety. It recommends that China should continue to participate actively in the TPRM, follow its own path with regard to alignment and learn selectively from other WTO Members.

关键词： food safety food standards public health consumer welfare China Chinese food safety laws world trade organization WTO law trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) SPS Agreement TBT Agreement

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International trade Norms in the Age of Covid-19 Nationalism on the Rise?

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2021年第1期14卷 41-66页

作者： Nicolas Albertoni Carol Wise Department of Political Science&International Relations University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUSA

Simultaneous with the rise of trade protectionism in the twenty-first century has been a resurgence in nationalist politics,most notably in the USA,the UK,and parts of the *** developments in international and US trade policy,including Washington’s launch of a full-fledged trade war against China in March 2018,have converged disastrously with the outbreak of the novel coronavirus in November 2019 and the onset of a worldwide *** the status of the USA as the world’s hegemon since 1945,what is new here is the effort of the Trump administration to abdicate US leadership,-jettison longstanding alliances,and turn back the clock on the country’s close integration with the world ***,greatly reduced flows of goods,services,and people have translated into radically reduced global growth,widespread business disruptions,and high ***,the White House has refused to recognize the severity of the pandemic and has undermined the precautions of the US science *** argue that these multiple shocks constitute a major critical juncture on par with what the world community faced in ***,in the twenty-first century we have seen that high levels of economic uncertainty and political instability have superseded the long-held notion that international interdependence would pull the world community through tough times such as *** the triple whammy of a destructive trade war,deadly pandemic,and secular decfine of US leadership trigger a new generation of policy innovation and institution building on par with the post-1945 era?In terms of the global trade regime,it would be difficult to imagine a buoyant recovery of the world economy in the absence of a serious reckoning with the pattern of norm erosion that we identify here.

关键词： China USA world trade organization Non-tariff barriers Novel corona virus Nationalism Globalization

Practical Approaches to Risk Assessment

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2001年第1期14卷 14-20页

作者： SIMON BROOKE-TAYLOR AustraliaNewZealandFoodAuthority

he importance of using risk assessment in developing food regulations is growing with the globalization of our food supply. The world trade organization has entrenched the principles of science based risk assessment in the Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures. The relevant international organization for food standards, the Codex Alimentarius Commission, recognises risk analysis, and its component parts risk assessment, risk management and risk communication, as the basis for scientific decision making. Risk assessment comprises two activities: hazard evaluation; and exposure estimation. A hazard may be chemical, microbiological or nutritional in origin. The practical application of risk assessment in Australia is illustrated in this presentation by four examples involving: (1) food additives, (2) microbiological safety of imported raw milk cheeses, (3) genetically modified foods and (4) imported food inspection.

关键词： risk assessment world trade organization practical application risk communication food inspection risk analysis principles of food supply raw milk

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THE CHALLENGES FOR THE ENFORCEMENT AGAINST COPYRIGHT VIOLATIONS IN CHINA UNDER THE TRIPS AGREEMENT

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Frontiers of Law in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2012年第2期7卷 244-268页

作者： Difan Qu Yahong Li 1. Faculty of Law The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Hong Kong China 2. Faculty of Law The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Hong Kong China

While piracy is a serious problem in China, it is also a global concern. Within the domestic and the TRIPS context, this article discusses various forms of copyright violations in China, their impact on the enforcemen... 详细信息

关键词： intellectual property Intellectual Property Rights world trade organization problems existing

Modern Techniques for TCM Extraction, Processing and Purification

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2001年第Z1期17卷 250-页

作者： YANG DaJian Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong HumKowloon

As can be expected, textile, tourism and TCM industries will be the most benefited ones after China′s joining of world trade organization. TCM industry possesses great market potential, but it had not been well recognized by international market. The major reasons include the lack of a normal standard for safety, efficacy, homogeneity and stability, the lack of a detailed study on the relationship between chemical components and pharmacological efficacy, and the lack of a quantitative standard for active ingredient, formulation technology, quality control and pharmacological and toxicological studies.

关键词： world trade organization international market chemical components

积极推进区域贸易安排是我国外贸持续发展的重要战略

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