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EEG Correlations during a working memory Task with Emotional Stimuli in Girls with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Secondary to Sexual Abuse

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2016年第12期6卷 509-529页

作者： Araceli Sanz-Martin Ivette Calderón-Zepeda Instituto de Neurociencias Universidad de Guadalajara Guadalajara Jalisco México

Survivors of Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) can develop Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), alterations in the prefrontal cortex, changes in electroencephalographic (EEG) activity, and lower performance on working memory tasks. The aim of this study was to characterize brain electrical correlations in girls with PTSD secondary to CSA during a working memory task based on recognizing emotional facial stimuli. Girls aged 8 - 16 years old were evaluated: 12 with PTSD secondary to CSA, and 12 healthy girls with no history of abuse. EEG activity during a working memory task with emotional stimuli was recorded, and the inter- and intra-hemispheric correlations that assessed the functional connectivity among different cortical regions were analyzed. The PTSD group showed lower performance than controls on the working memory task while watching happy faces, while the EEG of this group showed greater intrahemispheric correlation among frontal areas and between frontal and posterior cortical regions. Also, the PTSD group had lower interhemispheric correlations between posterior temporal areas. The higher intrahemispheric correlation in the PTSD group could indicate that those girls used more brain areas when performing the task, likely because it required greater effort. The lower inter-posterior temporal correlation could be attributed to a reduction of the corpus callosum.

关键词： Child Sexual Abuse PTSD working memory Emotional Stimuli EEG Correlation Early Stress

A Study on the Correlation among FD-FI Cognitive Style,working memory Capacity and English Reading Performance among College EFL Learners

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Journal of Contemporary Educational Research 2021年第5期5卷 1-13页

作者： Yuhan Ge Southeast University NanjingChina

In the past few decades,there have been eminent interests in reading performance as essential means for language *** view of that,extensive studies have been conducted to explore the factors that affect reading performance from various *** the cognitive psychology field,some studies have examined the relationship between field dependent-field independent(FD-FI)cognitive styles and working memory capacity(WMC)on English reading,***,only limited studies focused on the correlation among FD-FI cognitive styles,WMC and English reading ***,this study was conducted to explain these correlations.A total of 42 intermediate“English as Foreign Language”(EFL)learners participated in this *** order to measure the learners’FD-FI cognitive style,WMC and English reading performance,the Cognitive Style Figures Test,reading span task and the International English Language Test System(IELTS)reading test were adopted,*** analyses such as Pearson’s correlation,independent sample t-test and two-way ANOVA were done using Statistical Package for the Social Science(SPSS)version *** results suggested a statistically significant correlation between FD-FI cognitive style and WM with English reading performance,*** main effect of WM and FD-FI cognitive style is significant while the interaction between them is not significant in reading performance.

关键词： FD-FI cognitive style working memory English reading performance

Relationship among Eating Behavior, Effortful Control, and working memory in Female Young Adults

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Health 2016年第12期8卷 1187-1194页

作者： Katsumasa Momoi Kumiko Ohara Yoshimitsu Okita Tomoki Mase Chiemi Miyawaki Tomoko Fujitani Harunobu Nakamura Graduate School of Human Development and Environment Kobe University Kobe Japan Faculty of Health and Welfare Tokushima Bunri University Tokushima Japan Graduate School of Engineering Shizuoka University Hamamatsu Japan Faculty of Human Development and Education Kyoto Women’s University Kyoto Japan Department of Early Childhood Education Heian Jogakuin (St. Agnes’) College Kyoto Japan

The management of eating behavior plays an important role in health maintenance. In this study, we investigated the relationship between eating behavior and effortful control in female young adults. Participants completed the questionnaire measures of effortful control and eating behaviors and Stroop cognitive interference task. The results showed that restrained eating was positively correlated with activation control;emotional eating was negatively correlated with inhibitory control and attentional control;external eating was negatively correlated with inhibitory, activation, and attentional control. The scores for activation control and restrained eating were higher for participants with a low Stroop error rate than for those with a high Stroop error rate. These results indicate that restrained eating has a different association with effortful control than doing emotional and external eating.

关键词： Executive Function working memory Effortful Control Eating Behavior

Reserpine Improves working memory

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2016年第3期6卷 107-112页

作者： Raghuraman Vasantharaja Ajeet Kumar Ashok Kumar Jamuna R. Subramaniam Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur India Center for Preclinical and Translational Medicine Research Central Research Facility Sri Ramachandra University Chennai India

Despite exhaustive search, no drug is in sight for AD. Earlier, we reported that reserpine, an antihypertensive and antipsychotic drug, ameliorates Amyloid beta (Aβ-AD causing peptide) toxicity and confers several positive enhancements in the C. elegans model system. Here, we evaluate whether reserpine can provide protection against working memory and against AD in the mouse model. Reserpine (0.08 mg) was administered orally on alternate days to the non-Tg and accelerated Aβ deposition (at 2 months of age)and cognitive deficit (4 months of age) developing 5XFAD AD Tg mouse model expressing mutant human APP (3 familial mutations) and human Presenilin1(2 familial mutations) in the neurons, and follow their working memory for 2 months using the spontaneous Y-maze alteration behavioral paradigm. Reserpine enhanced working memory in non-Tg mice and improved the cognitive deficit in the 5XFAD AD Tg mice. Hence, reserpine can be considered for a detailed evaluation in the 3X Tg AD mouse model and a pilot study in AD patients.

关键词： Alzheimer’s Disease Amyloid-β-Aβ Reserpine Cognitive Deficits Transgenic Mice working memory

Positive Effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Visual Verbal working memory in Patients with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第4期14卷 334-346页

作者： Tomoko Uchida Daisuke Matsuzawa Tadashi Shiohama Katsunori Fujii Akihiro Shiina Masamitsu Naka Katsuo Sugita Eiji Shimizu Naoki Shimojo Hiromichi Hamada Department of Pediatrics Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan Research Center for Child Mental Development Chiba University Chiba Japan Division of Medical Care and Treatment Center for Forensic Mental Health Chiba University Chiba Japan Department of Cognitive Behavioral Physiology Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan

Background: working memory is an executive function that plays an important role in many aspects of daily life, and its impairment in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects quality of life. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) has been a good target site for transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) due to its intense involvement in working memory. In our 2018 study, tDCS improved visual-verbal working memory in healthy subjects. Objective: This study examines the effects of tDCS on ADHD patients, particularly on verbal working memory. Methods: We conducted an experiment involving verbal working memory of two modalities, visual and auditory, and a sustained attention task that could affect working memory in 9 ADHD patients. Active or sham tDCS was applied to the left DLPFC in a single-blind crossover design. Results: tDCS significantly improved the accuracy of visual-verbal working memory. In contrast, tDCS did not affect auditory-verbal working memory and sustained attention. Conclusion: tDCS to the left DLPFC improved visual-verbal working memory in ADHD patients, with important implications for potential ADHD treatments.

关键词： working memory Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation

Do Interpreters Indeed Have Superior working memory in Interpreting

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校园英语(教研版) 2012年第11期 193-193页

作者：于飞济宁职业技术学院

With the frequent communications between China and western countries in the field of economy,politics and culture,etc,Inter preting becomes more and more important to people in all walks of *** paper aims to testify the author’s hypothesis "professional interpreters have similar short-term memory with unprofessional interpreters,but they have superior working memory." After the illustration of literatures concerning with consecutive interpreting,short-term memory and working memory,experiments are designed and analysis are described.

关键词： Interpretation Short-term memory working memory

Sad Expressions Attenuate the Facial Identity Recognition in Encoding Stage of Visual working memory

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Sad Expressions Attenuate the Facial Identity Recognition in...

Forebrain NR2B overexpression facilitating the prefrontal synaptic plasticity and enhancing working memory function

第二十届全国心理学学术会议--心理学与国民心理健康

作者： Li Zhou Department of Psychology Jiangxi Normal University

Visual working memory(WM) for face identities is impaired when faces bear sad versus happy emotion. To clarify the stage at which expression play a role in memory for facial information, we isolated emotion(sad/happy) to the encoding phase(Experiment 1;neutral probe faces) or retrieval phase(Experiment 2;neutral study faces). WM was simply improved by sadness when emotion was present at encoding, indicating that retrieval stage was not affected by facial expression. To determine whether facial expression is maintained in WM, in Experiment 3 we inserted an emotional categorization task into the maintenance interval. Emotional congruence between word and face supported memory neither for sad nor for happy faces, suggesting that negative facial information is not maintained during WM maintenance. Our findings indicated that negative expressions only have a beneficial effect on WM at encoding.

关键词： Faces Sad Emotion working memory Encoding

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Forebrain NR2B overexpression facilitating the prefrontal sy...

working-memory training improves developmental dyslexia in Chinese children

中国神经科学学会第四次会员代表大会暨第八届全国学术会议

作者： Yi-Hui CUI Jing JIN Liang YIN Dan DU Shi-Ning DENG Hao XU Xiao-Hua CAO~* Shanghai Institute of Brain Functional Genomics the Key Laboratories of MOE and STCSM East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China

＜正＞Objective The prefrontal cortex（PFC） is known to be crucial for working ***,it is not clear whether genetically enhanced synaptic plasticity in the prefrontal cortex would lead to enhanced working memory function. Methods We used the electrophysiological and behavioral techniques to investigate the correlation between prefrontal synaptic plasticity and working memory in forebrain-specific NR2B transgenic ***（1） Transgenic overexpression of NR2B in the mouse forebrain resulted in enhancement of long-term potentiation（LTP） in the prefrontal cortical slices. The enhanced LTP can be completely blocked by NR2B subunit selective antagonist,Ro25-6981,confirming that overexpression of NR2B subunit is responsible for enhanced LTP.（2） The behavioral experiments have revealed that these transgenic mice exhibited better performance in a set of working memory *** Enhanced synaptic plasticity in the prefrontal cortex,via overexpression of NR2B,is associated with improved function in prefrontal - related working memory.

关键词： prefrontal cortex working memory LTP NR2B

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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第5期8卷 452-460页

作者： Yan Luo Jing Wang Hanrong Wu Dongmei Zhu Yu Zhang Department of Child and Women Health Care School of Public Health Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Mental Health Center

Although plasticity in the neural system underlies working memory, and working memory can be improved by training, there is thus far no evidence that children with developmental dyslexia can benefit from working-memory training. In the present study, thirty dyslexic children aged 8-11 years were recruited from an elementary school in Wuhan, China. They received working-memory training including training in visuospatial memory, verbal memory, and central executive tasks. The difficulty of the tasks was adjusted based on the performance of each subject, and the training sessions lasted 40 minutes per day, for 5 weeks. The results showed that working-memory training significantly enhanced performance on the nontrained working memory tasks such as the visuospatial, the verbal domains, and central executive tasks in children with developmental dyslexia. More importantly, the visual rhyming task and reading fluency task were also significantly improved by training. Progress on working memory measures was related to changes in reading skills. These experimental findings indicate that working memory is a pivotal factor in reading development among children with developmental dyslexia, and interventions to improve working memory may help dyslexic children to become more proficient in reading.

关键词： neural regeneration neurorehabilitation developmental dyslexia working memory training visuospatial memory verbal memory central executive task visual rhyming task reading fluency task Chinese children brain function grants-supported paper photographs-containing paper neuroregeneration