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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2017年第4期14卷 781-790页

作者： Nawadon Petchwattana Jakkid Sanetuntikul Paranee Sriromreun Borwon Narupai Division of Polymer Materials Technology Faculty of Agricultural Product Innovation and Technology Srinakharinwirot University Ongkharak Nakhon Nayok 26120 Thailand Faculty of Engineering and Technology King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok Bankhai Rayong 21120 Thailand Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Srinakharinwirot University Ongkharak Nakhon Nayok 26120 Thailand Expert Centre of Innovative Materials Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research Pathum Thani 12120 Thailand

wood plastic biocomposites of biodegradable poly（butylene succinate）（PBS） and Padauk sawdust was successfully pre- pared by using a twin screw extruder and an injection molding machine. The effects of water absorption and sunlight exposure on some properties of the composites were investigated. Water absorption of PBS composites was found to follow the Fick＇s law of diffusion, while the diffusion coefficient increased with increasing wood content. Maximum water absorption of around 4.5% was observed at 30 wt.% sawdust. Optical micrograph indicated the swelling of wood particles by around 1% - 3% after 30 days of water immersion. The tensile and flexural strengths reduced slightly both under the water immersion and sunlight exposure. After 90 days of exposure, the composites clearly looked paler than the non-weathered ones. Thermal scan indicated the re- duction of crystalline region due to the plasticization effect derived from water molecules.

关键词： wood plastic composites biodegradable polymers Fickian diffusion mechanical properties environmental deg-radation

Effects of Rice Hull Particle Size and Content on the Mechanical Properties and Visual Appearance of wood plastic composites Prepared from Poly（vinyl chloride）

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2013年第1期10卷 110-117页

作者： Nawadon Petchwattana Sirijutaratana Covavisaruch Division of Polymer Materials Technology Faculty of Agricultural Product Innovation and Technology Srinakharinwirot University Sukhumvit 23 Wattana Bangkok lO110 Thailand Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University Pathumwan Bangkok 10330 Thailand

This research aims to develop wood plastic composites （WPCs） from rice hull and poly（vinyl chloride）（PVC）. The in- fluences of the rice hull particle size and content on the mechanical properties and the visual appearance of the WPC decking board were investigated. The experimental results revealed that the impact strength tended to decrease with increasing rice hull content. The composites with larger particle sizes exhibited higher impact strength. Under tensile and flexure load, higher rice hull content induced greater modulus and ultimate strength when the rice hull was applied at less than 60 phr. Beyond this concentration, the modulus and the strength dropped due to the formation of rice hull agglomerates. The smaller particles of the milled rice hull, the greater tendency there was for them to act as a pigment to form a darker shade close that of the rice hull on the composite decking board. The larger particle sizes were 106 μm and beyond simply embedded in the white PVC matrix.

关键词： wood plastic composites mechanical properties rice hull

Filling Behavior of wood plastic composites

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2016年第11期10卷 1236-1243页

作者： lvica Duretek Thomas Lucyshyn Clemens Holzer Department of Polymer Engineering and Science Montanuniversitaet Leoben Leoben 8700 Austria

WPC （wood plastic composites） are a young generation of composites with rapidly growing usage within the plastics industry. The advantages are the availability and low price of the wood particles, the possibility of partially substituting the polymer in the mixture and sustainable use of the earth＇s resources. The current WPC products on the market are to a large extent limited to extruded products. Nowadays, there is a great interest in the market for consumer products in more use of WPC as an alternative to pure thermoplastics in injection molding processes. This work presents the results of numerical simulation and experimental visualization of the mold filling process in injection molding of WPC. The 3D injection molding simulations were done with the commercial software package Autodesk~ Moldflow Insight 2016 （AMI）. The mold filling experiments were conducted with a box-shaped test part. In contrast to unfilled polymers, the WPC has reduced melt elasticity so that the fountain flow often does not develop. This results in irregular flow front shapes in the molded part, especially at high filler content.

关键词： wood plastic composites injection molding simulation process mold.

Physicomechanical Properties of Sustainable wood plastic composites of Tropical Sawdust and Thermoplastic Waste for Possible Utilization in the wood Industry

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2023年第4期13卷 149-171页

作者： Jude I. Duruaku Patrick A. C. Okoye Theresa U. Onuegbu Valentine I. Onwukeme Nkechi H. Okoye Joseph O. Nwadiogbu Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Uli Nigeria

This work investigated and quantified the physicomechanical properties of flat-pressed wood plastic composites produced with recycled polyethylene terephthalate, recycled polyethylene and sawdust derived from selected tropical timbers, namely, Nauclea diderrichii, Brachystegia eurycoma, Erythrophleum suaveolens and Prosopis africana, for possible utilization in the wood industry. The compounding of the polymer blends of the precursor plastics, namely recycled PET (rPET) and recycled PE (rPE) with the sawdust (SD) from the selected timbers to produce the desired wood rPET/rPE composites was carried out via the flat press method. The characterization of the physicomechanical properties of the wood plastic composites (WPCs) produced, such as the density, hardness, flexural strength, ultimate tensile strength, elongation %, thickness swelling and water absorption capacity was carried out using methods based mainly on the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) and the American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) standards. The results of the investigation on the resultant composites indicated that changes in the SD content affected the density of flat-pressed WPCs in line with literature. Generally, it was observed that as wood dust increased and PET content decreased, the density of composites decreased with some deviations as expected probably due to the anisotropic nature of the wood fillers. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that there was a statistically significant variation in the wood composites of Nuclea diderichii based on the physicomechanical values as the p-value (0.020) obtained was less than the critical level of α = 0.05. It was also observed that the composite, wood 1 Sample 5 (W1S5) which was composed of 40% rPE, 40% rPET and 20% SD (derived from Nuclea diderichii), had the highest percentage elongation (26.84%);the highest flexural strength (14.995 N/mm2) and possibly the least carbon footprint in the env

关键词： wood plastic composites Density Water Absorption Capacity Cellulose Sustainability Recycle Waste

Dimensional stability of wood plastic composites formulated with virgin polyvinyl chloride

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Dimensional stability of wood plastic composites formulated ...

Mechanical and Morphological Properties of wood plastic Biocomposites Prepared from Toughened Poly（lactic acid） and Rubber wood Sawdust （Hevea brasiliensis）

2011 World Congress on Engineering and Technology(CET 2011)

作者： Jiwu Li Dongfeng Zhu Weijian Cai College of Environmental Science and Engineering Zhejiang Gongshang University Hangzhou China Yonggui Wu Zhejiang Zhengyi Toy Limit Company Lishui China

This paper investigated dimensional stability of wood plastic composites,which was made using virgin polyvinyl chloride （PVC） with wood flour as *** water absorption （WA） and thickness swelling （TS） of WPC composites made with hot-press decreased with enhancement of wood flour content above 50 wt %,the appropriate size of wood particle was at 80 *** two surface modification techniques influence the various properties of WPC *** compatibility improves upon the addition of SM and TM as expected.

关键词： wood plastic composites dimensional stability interfacial compatibility

来源： cnki会议评论

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2014年第4期11卷 630-637页

作者： Nawadon Petchwattana Sirijutaratana Covavisaruch Division of Polymer Materials Technology Faculty of Agricultural Product Innovation and Technology Srinakharinwirot University Sukhumvit 23 Wattana Bangkok 10110 Thailand Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University Pathumwan Bangkok 10330 Thailand

The present research aims to utilize the acrylic Core-Shell Rubber （CSR） particles to reduce the brittleness in wood plastic composites （WPC） prepared from poly（lactic acid）（PLA） and rubber wood sawdust （Hevea brasiliensis）. Experimental works consisted of two major parts. The first part concentrated on toughening PLA by using CSR particles. Mechanical tests revealed that PLA had become tougher with a more than five times increment in the impact strength when the CSR was added at only 5 wt%. The modified PLA was less stiff with the significant reductions of both elastic and flexural moduli and strengths. The second part focused on producing WPC from the toughened PLA and rubber wood sawdust. The tensile moduli and the strengths of the PLA composites increased with rubber wood content. The composites turned out to be more brittle with reductions of both the impact strength and the tensile elongation at break at all the sawdust contents. Toughening PLA/wood flour with 5 wt% CSR improved both the impact strength and the tensile elongation at break. The toughness enhancement was also depicted by the plastic deformation observed on the surfaces of fractured PLA/CSR/wood sawdust composites.

关键词： wood plastic composites rubber toughening poly(lactic acid) rubber wood sawdust

Mechanical Properties and Fire Retardancy of wood Flour/High-Density Polyethylene composites Reinforced with Continuous Honeycomb-Like Nano-SiO_(2)Network and Fire Retardant

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2020年第5期8卷 485-498页

作者： Haiyang Zhou Xiaoyu Wang Xiaolong Hao Qingwen Wang Rongxian Ou Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education College of Materials and EnergySouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou510642China Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Guangzhou510642China College of Arts South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou510642China

The mechanical properties of wood flour/high-density polyethylene composites(WPC)were improved by adding a small amount of nano-SiO_(2)to obtain a network-structured WPC with a continuous honeycomb-like nano-SiO_(2)*** wood flour was modified with a fire retardant(a mixture of sodium octabonate and amidine urea phosphate)to improve its fire *** flexural properties,creep resistance,thermal expansion,and fire retardancy of the WPC were compared to a control(WPCCTRL)without nano-SiO_(2)or fire *** flexural strength and modulus of the WPC containing only 0.55 wt.%nano-SiO_(2)were 6.6%and 9.1%higher than the control,respectively,while the creep strain and thermal expansion rate at 90°C were 33.8%and 13.6%lower,*** cone calorimetry tests revealed that the nano-SiO_(2)network physically shielded the WPC,giving it lower heat release and smoke production *** thermal expansion was further decreased by incorporating fire retardants into the WPC,which showed the lowest total heat release and total smoke production and the highest mass *** study demonstrates a facile procedure for producing WPC with desired performances by forming a continuous honeycomb-like network by adding a small amount of nanoparticles.

关键词： wood plastic composites nano-SiO_(2) mechanical properties creep fire retardancy

An Evaluation of the Physicochemical, Structural and Morphological Properties of Selected Tropical wood Species for Possible Utilization in the wood Industry

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2023年第4期13卷 131-148页

作者： Jude I. Duruaku Patrick A. C. Okoye Nkechi H. Okoye Joseph O. Nwadiogbu Valentine I. Onwukeme Rosemary U. Arinze Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry Nnamdi Azikwe University Awka Awka Nigeria

This work investigated and quantified the physicochemical, structural and morphological properties of four (4) tropical timbers as precursor raw materials for possible utilization in the wood plastic industry. The physicochemical properties of the wood samples such as the bulk and tapped density, moisture content, water absorption capacity at 25°C, volatile content, fixed carbon, ash content, alpha cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and extractives contents were determined using standard methods like the European Committee for Standardization and (CEN/TS) and the American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) standards. The structural and morphological properties of the samples were examined with Fourier Infrared Transform (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results indicated that the bulk density values of the timbers ranged from 0.34 g/cm3 in Brachystegia eurycoma (W3) to 0.47 g/cm3 in Erythrophleum suaveolens (W2), with the other timbers, Nuclea diderichii (W1) and Prosopis africana (W4) having the same bulk density of 0.40 g/cm3. With respect to their moisture content, W2 had the highest value (8.38%) while Nauclea diderrichii had the lowest value (6.52%). The water absorption capacities of the woods studied correlated with the cellulose composition of wood in the order of: W3 > W1 > W4 > W2. The FTIR results showed that W2 and W3 presented a slightly more prominent and broader band than the other woods at 1731 cm-1, in agreement with the higher holocellulose content of these species, while W2 and W4 presented the most prominent peaks indicating higher lignin content than W1 and W3. The SEM micrographs of the wood flour samples investigated indicated that the surfaces of the woods were rough and heterogeneous with irregular crystal and

关键词： wood plastic composites Density Water Absorption Capacity Cellulose Sustainability