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Papiliotrema flavescens colonized in biochars inhibits wheat crown rot and Fusarium head blight

Biochar 2021年第4期3卷 625-639页

作者： Zhongwei Liu Xiangzhi Li Zhencai Sun Zhimin Wang Guitong Li College of Agronomy China Agricultural UniversityNo.2Yuanmingyuan West RoadHaidian DistrictBeijing 100193China College of Land Science and Technology China Agricultural UniversityNo.2Yuanmingyuan West RoadHaidian DistrictBeijing 100193China

Biochar,a known soil amendment,has been found to alleviate plant or soil-borne ***,the related mechanisms are poorly understood,especially from the perspective of microbes colonizing in raw *** this study,laboratory studies,including isolation,adsorption,antifungal test,were employed to investigate biological characteristic of a fungus isolated from aging biochars(peanut shell biochar,rice husk biochar and bamboo biochar),as well as antimicrobial mechanisms on Fusarium species which cause wheat crown rot and Fusarium head blight(FHB).Furthermore,the field trial was conducted to investigate the effect of this fungus on spikelet disease rate and crop *** results were as follows:the isolated fungus was identified as Papiliotrema flavescens(***),which was confirmed from ambient air,and its properties were characterized,such as the optimal growth pH and the growth *** mixed action of 1×10^(6)cells/mL *** and 1×10^(6)cells/mL Bacillus subtilis(***)had the best antifungal effect,reaching an antifungal rate of 86.5%.The ***-vescens exerted antifungal effects through potential competition among nutrition,space,and parasitism,not from producing antifungal *** from the field trial showed that the presence of *** could reduce the spike disease rate by 43.2%and increase the yield by 34.5%.In summary,the present study provides novel evidence about microbes from aging biochars that can prevent wheat crown rot and FHB.

关键词： wheat disease Antifungal properties Fusarium graminearum Fusarium pseudograminearum

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Screening and Identification of Biocontrol Strains against Bipolaris sorokiniana

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Plant diseases and Pests 2018年第2期9卷 6-8页

作者： Ma Lele Li Guangyu Ma Qingzhou Xu Chao Zang Rui Geng Yuehua Zhang Meng College of Plant Protection Henan Agricultural University

Bipolaris sorokiniana is an important disease causing wheat root rot. Different biocontrol strains were screened with the pathogen as the target. A total of 210 strains of bacteria and fungi preserved in the laboratory were preliminarily and secondarily screened by plate confrontation culture. The 17 strains of bacteria and 36 strains of fungi with good bicontrol effect were screened. Eventually, the best fungal strain and the best bacterial strain were obtained. The ITS fragments of fungi were amplified by PCR, and the target band of 571 bp was obtained. The 16 S gene frag-ments of bacteria were amplified by PCR, and the target band of 1 455 bp was obtained. Through morphological observation, the screened strains were identified. Finally, the bicontrol fungus was confirmed as Trichoderma asperellum and the bacterium was Bacillus amylofaciens.

关键词： DNA sequencing Bipolaris sorokiniana Biocontrol wheat disease

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