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wetting and corrosion behavior between magnesia-carbon refractory and converter slags with different MgO contents

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2022年第7期29卷 1073-1079页

作者： Rui-qiang Bai Si-yang Liu Fei-xiong Mao Yuan-yuan Zhang Xin Yang Zhi-jun He School of Materials and Metallurgy University of Science and Technology LiaoningAnshan 114051LiaoningChina Ningbo Key Laboratory of Marine Protection Materials Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201ZhejiangChina

The influence of MgO content in slag on wetting and corrosion behavior between slag and MgO–C refractory was investigated.It can be known from the high-temperature wetting experiment that as the MgO content in the slag increases,the final contact angle between the slag and the MgO–C refractory gradually increases and the penetration depth of the slag into the refractory gradually decreases from 60.54μm(when the MgO content is 8%)to 28.11μm(when the MgO content is 12%).The CaO and SiO_(2)in the slag penetrate into the MgO–C refractory along the pores or surface cracks formed by carbon oxidation and react with MgO to generate a large amount of low-melting compound CaO–MgO–SiO_(2),which accelerates the corrosion of the refractory.As the MgO content in slag increases,the viscosity of the slag increases and the fluidity becomes worse,so that the mass transfer and diffusion of molecules or ions in the slag are weakened.In addition,the increase in MgO reduces the activity of FeO in the slag,which inhibits the interfacial chemical reaction,thereby weakening the wetting effect caused by the reaction.

关键词： Converter slag MgO–C refractory MgO content wetting Corrosion

wetting behavior of CaO-Al_(2)O_(3)-based mold flux with various BaO and MgO contents on the steel substrate

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2022年第6期29卷 1179-1185页

作者： Lejun Zhou Hao Luo Wanlin Wang Houfa Wu Erzhuo Gao You Zhou Daoyuan Huang School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China National Center for International Cooperation of Clean Metallurgy Changsha 410083China

The Interfacial phenomena in mold have a great impact on the smooth operation of continuous casting process and the quality of the casting product.In this paper,the wetting behavior of CaO-Al_(2)O_(3)-based mold flux with different BaO and MgO contents was studied.The results showed that the contact angle between molten flux and interstitial free(IF)steel substrate increased from 62.4°to 74.5°with the increase of BaO content from 3 wt%to 7 wt%,while it decreased from 62.4°to 51.3°with the increase of MgO content from 3 wt%to 7 wt%.The interfacial tension also increased from 1630.3 to 1740.8 mN/m when the BaO content increased,but it reduced from 1630.3 to 1539.7 mN/m with the addition of MgO.The changes of contact angle and interfacial tension were mainly due to the fact that the bridging oxygen(O^(0)) at the interface was broken into non-bridging oxygen(O^(-)) and free oxygen(O_(2-)) by MgO.However,more O^(-) and O_(2-) connected into O^(0) when BaO was added,since the charge compensation effect of BaO was so stronger that it offset the effect of providing O_(2-).

关键词： mold flux wetting contact angle interfacial tension melt structure continuous casting

Promoting wetting of Mg on the SiC surfaces by addition of Al,Zn and Zr elements:A study via first-principle calculations

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第6期10卷 1663-1671页

作者： Weibing Guo Wenshan Bian Haitao Xue Xiaoming Zhang School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300401China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

When preparing SiC/Mg composites,alloy elements play key roles in the nucleation and interfacial wetting.In this paper,effects of Al,Zn and Zr additions on the Mg/SiC interfacial bonding properties were investigated comprehensively via method of first-principle calculations.Mg(0001)/SiC(0001)interfaces with different terminations and stacking sequences were built and CⅡ-T CⅡtop interface has the largest work of adhesion(W_(ad)).Zn dopants can not improve the W_(ad)for both C-T and Si-T interfaces.Al atom can only strengthen the C-T interface.Zr addition can greatly improve the W_(ad)for both C-T and Si-T interfaces.W_(ad)of C-T interfaces can reach up to 11.55 J/m^(2) and 12.55 J/m^(2) after doping 1 monolayer(ML)of Al and Zr atoms.Larger W_(ad)can lead to lower contact angles of Mg on SiC surfaces,which can improve wetting and nucleation in SiC/Mg composites.Analysis of electronic structure shows that Al-C and Zr-C bonds have more covalent composition than the Mg-C bond,which is responsible for the improvement of interfacial bonding strength.Experimental results in references were also analyzed,which are in well agreement with our calculation results.

关键词： Mg alloy SiC wetting Electronic structure First-principle calculations

A review on membrane distillation in process engineering: design and exergy equations, materials and wetting problems

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022年第5期16卷 592-613页

作者： Stefano Capizzano Mirko Frappa Francesca Macedonio Enrico Drioli Institute of Membrane Technology National Research Council of ItalyRende 87036Italy Department of Environmental Engineering University of CalabriaRendeItaly Nanjing Tech University College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing 211816China

One of the problems that most afflicts humanity is the lack of clean water.Water stress,which is the pressure on the quantity and quality of water resources,exists in many places throughout the World.Desalination represents a valid solution to the scarcity of fresh water and several technologies are already well applied and successful(such as reverse osmosis),producing about 100 million m^(3)·d^(-1) of fresh water.Further advances in the field of desalination can be provided by innovative processes such as membrane distillation.The latter is of particular interest for the treatment of waste currents from conventional desalination processes(for example the retentate of reverse osmosis)as it allows to desalt highly concentrated currents as it is not limited by concentration polarization phenomena.New perspectives have enhanced research activities and allowed a deeper understanding of mass and heat transport phenomena,membrane wetting,polarization phenomena and have encouraged the use of materials particularly suitable for membrane distillation applications.This work summarizes recent developments in the field of membrane distillation,studies for module length optimization,commercial membrane modules developed,recent patents and advancement of membrane material.

关键词： membrane distillation recent developments heat and mass transfer wetting membrane material

The Peat-Organic-Soil in the Hula Valley

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第4期14卷 331-342页

作者： Moshe Gophen MIGAL Galilee Research Institute Kiryat Shmona Israel

The main soil type, principle contributor of nutrients and available agricultural land in the Hula Valley is the organic Peat. Nevertheless, the relative contribution of Phosphorus from the Hula Valley to the Lake Kinneret inputs is lower than regional outsourcing. The Nitrogenic matter, mostly Nitrate migration from the Peat soil is significant. The implementation of efficient development is the key factor of Hula Land use. The financial beneficial success of the Hula land use is therefore dependent of Peat soil properties. The porosity of the Peat Soil is high and preferential pathway volume is low and Hydraulic Conductivity is therefore low. Consequently, the Mobile Spray Irrigation line was found as most suitable for cultivation in Peat Soil. Enhancement of Summer irrigation creating moisture elevation reduces Phosphorus migration from Peat Soil and is therefore recommended and recently implemented.

关键词： Peat wetting Dryness Alternate Hula Kinneret

Oscillating droplet tribometer for sensitive and reliable wetting characterization of superhydrophobic surfaces

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Droplet 2022年第1期1卷 38-47页

作者： Muhammad Junaid Heikki A.Nurmi Mika Latikka Maja Vuckovac Robin H.A.Ras Department of Applied Physics School of ScienceAalto UniversityEspooFinland Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems School of Chemical EngineeringAalto UniversityEspooFinland

Accurate wetting characterization is crucial for the development of next‐generation superhydrophobic surfaces.Traditionally,wetting properties are measured with a contact angle goniometer(CAG)suitable for a broad range of surfaces.However,due to optical errors and challenges in baseline positioning,the CAG method suffers from inaccuracies on superhydrophobic surfaces.Here we present an improved version of the oscillating droplet tribometer(ODT),which can reliably assess wetting properties on superhydrophobic surfaces by measuring the frictional forces of a water‐based ferrofluid droplet oscillating in a magnetic field.We demonstrate that ODT has superior accuracy compared to CAG by measuring the wetting properties of four different superhydrophobic surfaces(commercial Glaco and Hydrobead coatings,black silicon coated with fluoropolymer,and nanostructured copper modified with lauric acid).We show that ODT can detect the small but significant changes in wetting properties caused by the thermal restructuring of surfaces that are undetectable by CAG.Even more,unlike any other wetting characterization technique,ODT features an inverse sensitivity:the more repellent the surface,the lower the error of measurement,which was demonstrated by experiments and simulations.

关键词： oscillating frictional wetting

wetting and its influence on the filtration ability of ceramic foam filters

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Particuology 2015年第1期13卷 50-57页

作者： Fabian Heuzeroth J?rg Fritzsche Urs A.Peuker Institute of Mechanical Process Engineering and Mineral Processing

Deep bed filtration in aqueous media is a well-known process for solid-liquid separation. However, the use of deep bed filtration for the purification of metal melts is a relatively new field of application, In particular, the separation mechanism of metal melts filtration is a new area for investigation. The current paper aims at examining the influence of wetting on the filtration efficiency of ceramic foam filters that is an important feature of the metal melts filtration process. A model system was designed using water and alumina particles （〈200μm）. The particles and filter medium were coated to model poor wetting. Thus, examination of the influence of wetting on the adhesion energy and filtration performance was possible. Furthermore, the effect of fluid velocity was studied. To this end, the experiments were carried out under atmospheric conditions and at 20℃. The findings showed that poor wetting between the fluid and solid phase significantly increased the filtration efficiency.

关键词： Deep bed filtration Adhesion energy Atomic force microscopy wetting

wetting Behaviors and Interfacial Reaction between Sn-10Sb-5Cu High Temperature Lead-free Solder and Cu Substrate

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2010年第2期26卷 156-162页

作者： Qiulian Zeng Jianjun Guo Xiaolong Gu Xinbing Zhao Xiaogang Liu Zhejiang Province Key laboratory of Soldering &: Brazing Materials and Technology Zhejiang Metallurgical Research Institute Hangzhou 310011 China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

Sn-10Sb-5Cu lead-free solder was fabricated for high temperature application in electronic package. wetting behaviors and interfacial reaction between such a high temperature lead-free solder and Cu substrate were investigated and compared with those of 95Pb-Sn solder. The results showed that the wetting properties of Sn-10Sb-SCu solder are superior to those of 95Pb-Sn solder in maximum wetting force, wetting time and wetting angle in the temperature range of 340-400℃. However, the surface of the Sn-10Sb-5Cu solder sample after wetting balance tests was rougher than that of 95Pb-Sn solder at the temperature lower than 360℃. In static liquid-state interracial reaction, the types and thickness of the intermetallic compounds （IMCs） of both solders were different from each other. The wetting kinetics in the Sn-10Sb-5Cu/Cu system was more rapid than that in 95Pb-Sn/Cu system, and the higher formation rate of IMCs in the former system was considered as the reason.

关键词： wetting Interfacial reaction High temperature lead-free solder Sn-10Sb-5Cu solder

wetting behaviors and interfacial characteristics of molten Al_(x)CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloys on a WC substrate

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第19期78卷 192-201页

作者： Wenyan Luo Yunzhong Liu Cheng Tu Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Processing and Forming of Advanced Metallic Materials South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510641China National Engineering Research Center of Near-net-shape Forming for Metallic Materials South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510641China

The wettability of molten Al_(x)CoCrCuFeNi(x is from 0 to 1.5,mol.%)high-entropy alloys(HEA)on a WC substrate was measured using a modified sessile drop method at 1823 K in an argon atmosphere.The wetting behaviors and interfacial characteristics between HEAs and WC were studied.Good wettability with final equilibrium contact angles of 0.5°-4.6°is obtained,and addition of Al deteriorates the wettability of the HEAs.The wetting of Al_(x)CoCrCuFeNi/WC system can be roughly divided into an initially sharp spreading stage and a subsequent steady-state phase.In the first stage,the adsorption of Cr atoms at the solid-liquid interface primarily contributes to the wetting,and the contact angle drastically reduces.However,both the wetting behavior and interfacial microstructure are determined by the Al content of the HEA in the next stage.For x≤0.5,the wetting is mainly driven by the dissolution of WC,although a few reaction products of(W,Cr)_(2)C are observed.Moreover,an obvious dissolution pit appears at the surface of the substrate.When the Al content of x≥1,the interfacial reaction is dominant in competition with the dissolution of WC,and massive reaction products precipitate at the HEA/WC interface,which leads to the formation of a continuous reaction layer.

关键词： wetting High-entropy alloy Interface Microstructure Tungsten carbide