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Discovery of the choristodere Hyphalosaurus baitaigouensis from the Lower Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation of western liaoning,China and its paleobiogeographic significance

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第3期13卷 547-562页

作者： Li-Jun Zhang Shu-An Ji Hai-Chun Zhang South China Sea Culture Museum Hainan Tropical Ocean UniversitySanya 572022Hainan ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Stratigraphy and Paleontology Ministry of Natural ResourcesInstitute of GeologyChinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and PaleoenvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008Jiangsu ProvinceChina

The water-living reptile genus Hyphalosaurus was previously discovered in the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation bearing the middle Jehol Biota in western liaoning,*** complete skeletons of Hyphalosaurus are reported for the first time from the Jiufotang Formation bearing the late Jehol Biota at two sites in western *** show the typical characteristics of Hyphalosaurus baitaigouensis in terms of the contact between some cranial bones and the number of cervical and dorsal vertebrae,and therefore are assigned to *** discovery extends the stratigraphic range of this species from the Yixian Formation to the overlying Jiufotang *** paper further briefly compares the main characteristics of the two skeletons,summarizes the temporal and spatial distribution of Hyphalosaurus,and discusses the palaeogeographic evolution of western liaoning at the middle and late Jehol Biota stages based on the aquatic habits of Hyphalosaurus and the geological background of western *** analytical results show that the volcanic downwarped lakes,with distinct geographical divisions in western liaoning during the deposition of the Yixian Formation,had not completely disappeared till the deposition of the Jiufotang *** palaeo-lake in the Fuxin-Yixian Basin underwent the process of generation,expansion and shrinkage during the depositional period of the Yixian Formation and finally merged into a large *** palaeo-Dalinghe River,which connected the main basins in western liaoning during the depositional period of the Jiufotang Formation,was formed simultaneously.

关键词： western liaoning Jehol biota Jiufotang formation Hyphalosaurus baitaigouensis Palaeobiogeography

A New Darwinopterid Pterosaur from the Middle Jurassic of western liaoning,Northeastern China and its Ecological Implications

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2011年第3期85卷 507-514页

作者： Lu Junchang XU Li CHANG Huali ZHANG Xingliao Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China Henan Geological Museum Zhengzhou 45006 China

A new species of Darwinopterus,*** *** described and *** on the new specimen,the diagnostic characters of Darwinopterus are amended and include：rostral dentition composed of well-spaced,spike-like teeth;the longest teeth are confined to the anterior half of the tooth row;tooth alveoli have raised margins;nasoantorbital fenestra confluent;inclined quadrate;elongate cervical vertebrae with low neural spine and reduced or absent ribs;long tail of more than 20 caudals partially enclosed by filiform extensions of the pre-and postzygapophyses;short metacarpus less than 60 per cent length of humerus,fifth toe with two elongate phalanges and curved second pedal phalanx of the fifth toe with the angle between the proximal and distal segments about 130 *** complete specimen of the new pterosaur *** *** much more osteological *** differences in tooth morphologies between Darwinopterus modularis and *** *** that they filled different ecological *** hard integument-bearing Coleoptera may have been the main food source of Darwinopterus robustodens.

关键词： Darwinopterus robustodens Tiaojinshan Formation Middle Jurassic western liaoning China

Largest Toothed Pterosaur Skull from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation of western liaoning, China, with Comments on the Family Boreopteridae

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2012年第2期86卷 287-293页

作者： LU Junchang PU Hanyong XU Li WU Yanhua WEI Xuefang Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China Henan Geological Museum Zhengzhou 450016Henan ProvinceChina

A new pterosaur Moganopterus zhuiana gen. et sp. nov. is erected based on a complete skull with lower jaws and anterior cervical vertebrae. It is characterized by much elongated upper and lower jaws with at least 62 total, long, curved teeth with sharp tips, a well developed parietal crest extending posterodorsally, forming an angle of 15 degrees with the ventral margin of the skull, the ratio of length to width of cervical vertebrae greater than 5：1. The skull length is 750 mm, and it is the largest toothed pterosaur found so far in the world. Based on this new pterosaur, the Boreopteridae can be divided into two subgroups： Boreopterinae sub-fam, nov. and Moganopterinae sub-fam, nov., which is also confirmed by the phylogenetic analysis.

关键词： Moganopterus Boreopteridae Yixian Formation western liaoning

New Fossil Liverworts from the Lower Cretaceous of western liaoning, China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2017年第5期91卷 1542-1552页

作者： GUO Caiqing YAO Jianxin ZHANG Jianwei WU Pengcheng LI Chengsen Key Laboratory of Stratigraphy and Paleontology Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Science Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences

Sixteen liverwort specimens collected from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Huangbanjigou Village, liaoning Province, China are studied in this work. The plants are thalloid and preserved in brown arenaceous mudstone as impressions. Based on examinations, the liverworts are assigned to two new genera and five new species： Riccardiothallus palmata sp. nov., Pallaviciniites stricta sp. nov., Pellites latithallus gen. et sp. nov., Conocephalumites hexagonites gen. et sp. nov. and Metzgerites multifidus sp. nov., belonging to five families and five genera. The fossil research indicates that the divergence of families, Aneuraceae and Metzgeriaceae, Pallaviciniaceae and Hymenophytaceae,Pelliaceae and Fossombroniaceae, was in the Lower Cretaceous（125 Ma）. The research provides significant additions to the fossil liverwort records in western liaoning and offers fossil evidence for studying the classification and evolution of extant liverworts.

关键词： Liverworts Early Cretaceous classification differentiation western liaoning China

A new Early Cretaceous lizard with well-preserved scale impressions from western liaoning, China

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2005年第2期15卷 67-73页

作者： JI Shu’an*(School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China) School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China

A new small lizard, liaoningolacerta brevirostra gen. et sp. nov., from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation of western liaoning is described in detail. The new specimen was preserved not only by the skeleton, but also by the exceptionally clear scale impressions. This lizard can be included within the taxon Scleroglossa based on its 26 or more presacrals, cruciform interclavicle with a large anterior process, moderately elongated pubis, and slightly notched distal end of tibia. The scales vary evidently in size and shape at different parts of body: small and rhomboid ventral scales, tiny and round limb scales, and large and longitudinally rectangular caudal scales that constitute the caudal whorls. This new finding provides us with more information on the lepidosis of the Mesozoic lizards.

关键词： new genus Squamata skeleton lepidosis Early Cretaceous western liaoning

Precious Fossil-Bearing Beds of the Lower Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation in western liaoning Province, China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2007年第3期81卷 357-364页

作者： ZHANG Lijun YANG Yajun ZHANG Lidong GUO Shengzhe WANG Wuli ZHENG Shaolin Shenyang Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources Ministry of Land and Resources Shenyang Liaoning 110032

Based on the subdivision into three members of the Lower Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation in western liaoning, this paper deals mainly with the division and correlation of precious fossil birdand reptile-bearing beds of the formation in the Dachengzi, Chaoyang, *** and Fuxin-Yixian basins. Among them, the precious fossil-bearing beds in the Dachengzi Basin may be recognized as the Xidagou Bed of the second member and the Yangcaogoudonggou Bed of the third member; those in the Chaoyang Basin may be confirmed as the Shangheshou Bed of the second member and the Dongpochi Bed of the third member; those in the Dapingfang-Meileyingzi Basin are as the Lamagou Bed of the second member, the Huanghuagou Bed of the lower third member and the Yuanjiawa Bed of the upper third member; and those in the Fuxin-Yixian Basin are listed as the Tuanshanzi Bed of the second member and the Pijiagou Bed of the third member. Since these basins are distinctly separated and the bird and reptile fossils are mostly new genera and species, we have to use the associated fossil ostracod assemblages as index to correlate the Xidagou Bed with the Shangheshou Bed and the Lamagou Bed, and to correlate the Yuanjiawa Bed with the Yangcaogoudonggou Bed and the Pijiagou Bed. Primarily, we established the sequence of the precious fossil-bearing beds of the Jiufotang Formation in western liaoning. They are represented by, in ascending order, the Xidagou Bed of the second member, the Huanghuagou Bed of the lower third member, and the Yuanjiawa Bed of the upper third member. Obviously, this work has significance for the study on the time-space distribution and radiation of birds and dinosaurs during the period of the middle Early Cretaceous.

关键词： division correlation precious fossil-bearing beds Lower Cretaceous JiufotangFormation western liaoning

A New Female Cone,Araucaria beipoiaoensis *** the Middle Jurassic Tiaojishan Formation,Beipiao,western liaoning,China and Its Evolutionary Significance

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2008年第2期82卷 266-282页

作者： ZHENG Shaolin ZHANG Lidong ZHANG Wu YANG Yaiun Shenyang Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources Ministry of Land and Resources Shenyang 110032 Liaoning Province China

A new species of Araucaria, Araucaria beipiaoensis sp. nov., collected from the Middle Jurassic Tiaojishan Formation, southern hill of Shebudai village, near Beipiao city, western liaoning is based on a permineralized female cone, which is ovate to elliptical in shape, about 11 cm × 7 cm × 4.5 cm in size. The cone bears rhomboid bracts that are spirally attached, texture thicker, with wings on both sides, with a detached lamina-like apex at the tip. In inner structure the ovuliferous scales are thicker and fused with bracts at the end with a ligular sulcns. There is one wingless ovule/seed per seed-scale complex embedded in the ovuliferous scale tissue, with the micropyle directed toward the cone axis. The ovules/seeds are long ovate or elliptical in shape, 1 cm long and near the base about 3 mm in diameter; the ovule/seed integuments have begun differentiation into 3 layers： the sarcotesta, sclerotesta, and endotesta. The nucellus is free from the enclosing integuments except in the chalazal region where it is fused to the inner layer （endotesta） of integument. Some ovules show cellularized nucellar tissue. Mature seeds exhibit the papery-thin wavy nucellus characteristically near to the micropyle. The embryonic tissue appears to be four cotyledons. The morphology and structure of the cone shows a close relationship to the araucarian cones of fossil and living genera but differs from any known species. The new species is distributed in the Middle Jurassic of the northern hemisphere, especially Asia, and has important significance for the evolution of the Family Araucariaceae.

关键词： Araucaria female cone Middle Jurassic Tiaojishan Formation western liaoning

A New Genus of Fossil Cycads Yixianophyllum gen. nov. from the Late Jurassic Yixian Formation, western liaoning, China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2005年第5期79卷 582-592页

作者： ZHENG Shaolin LI Nan LI Yong ZHANG Wu BIAN Xiongfei Shenyang Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources Ministry of Land and Resources Shenyang Liaoning 110032 Botanical Gardens of Xianhu Shenzhen Guangdong 518004

A new genus of fossil Cycads, Yixianophyllum gen. nov., is reported here. The specimens were collected from the southern hill of Jinjiagou village, Toudaohezi Town, Yixian County, western liaoning Province, China. The fossil plant-beating bed belongs to the lower part, the Zhuanchengzi bed, of the Upper Jurassic Yixian Formation （Yixianian）. The new genus in leaf shape, venation and epidermal structure shows a transitional form between Mesozoic Cycads （Ctenis, Nilssonia） and modem Cycads （Stangeria and Encephalartos）. Since the features of these specimens differ from any known genera of Cycads, a new generic name Yixianophyllum is proposed for these leaves. Typical species, Yixianophyllum jinjiagouense gen. et sp. nov. is described here. A supposed evolutionary tendency of Cycadean leaf-forms with Taeniopteris-type is discussed.

关键词： western liaoning Yixian Formation Late Jurassic Cycads YixianophyUum gen. nov. epidermal structures

New Material of Pterosaur Sinopterus (Reptilia:Pterosauria) from the Early Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation,western liaoning,China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2006年第6期80卷 783-789页

作者： Lü Junchang LIU Jinyuan WANG Xuri GAO Chunling MENG Qingjin JI Qiang Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 Dalian Natural History Museum Dalian Liaoning 116023

Based on a new nearly complete postcranial skeleton of an adult specimen of Sinopterus from the Early Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation of western liaoning, China, the diagnosis of Sinopterus is amended. The revised diagnosis of Sinopterus includes skull relatively elongate with weakly developed cranial crest; ratio of the length of Ph2d4 to that of Ph1d4 is approximately 0.73; ratio of the length of wing metacarpal to that of metatarsal 3 is 4.5; ratio of the length of mt3 to that of tibia is approximately 0.21, and wing phalanges 1 and 2 are straight. Comparison between the ratios of the limb bones between non-adult and adult individuals of Sinopterus indicates that during the ontogenetic process, some ratios between bones are constant, such as the first wing phalanx to the second wing phalanx, the wing metacarpal to the metatarsal 3, metatarsal 3 to the tibia, but others are not, such as humerus to wing metacarpal and femur to tibia, in which the former grows faster than the latter.

关键词： Sinopterus amended diagnosis ontogeny Jiufotang Formation Early Cretaceous western liaoning China