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Comprehensive isotopic characterization of the hydrological processes of the Indus river basin(IRB):A comparison between Upper Indus Basin(UIB)and Lower Indus Basin(LIB)

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第3期20卷 705-723页

作者： Akhtar JAHAN Tanveer DAR Sudhir KUMAR Nachiketa RAI Department of Earth Sciences Indian Institute of TechnologyRoorkee 247667India National Institute of Hydrology Roorkee 247667India

The Indus river basin(IRB)is one of the most depleted water basins globally,having significant challenges for its water *** of stable isotope composition(δ^(18)O and δ^(2)H)across IRB is a critical aspect that can provide deeper insights for investigating complex hydrological *** work analyses the spatial pattern of the isotopic signature using a comprehensive compilation of available datasets of the Global Network of Isotopes in River(GNIR)and Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation(GNIP),along with the previously published isotopic studies in the Indus ***,this work provides a detailed comparison of the isotopic signature of the Upper Indus Basin(UIB),and Lower Indus Basin(LIB).The IRBs waterline was found to beδ^(2)H=7.89×δ^(18)O+13.51,which shows a close similarity with the Global Meteoric Water Line(GMWL),indicating the meteoric origin of the water with insignificant secondary evaporation prevailing across the *** Main Indus Channel(MIC)river water line(δ^(2)H=8.88×δ^(18)O+26.05)indicates a major contribution from the meteoric origin(precipitation/rain)of water with minimal effect of evaporation *** water line for UIB samples,(δ^(2)H=7.88×δ^(18)O+11.94)was found to be moderately higher in slope than LIB samples(δ^(2)H=7.17×δ^(18)O+7.16).However,the slopes of both UIB and LIB river water lines closely approached the slope of GMWL and were consistent with the slope of IRB water line,which indicates similarity in contribution of water *** higher slope and intercept in UIB suggest that meteoric water sources contributed to streamflow *** snow/glacier with insignificant evapotranspiration,which is also validated by the scarce vegetation cover in the ***,the lower slope and intercept in LIB suggest stream water contribution from significantly evaporated groundwater and precipitation with a complete homogenization of discharge coming from the *** substantiate that distinct isotopi

关键词： Isotopes Spatial variability Indian summer monsoon western disturbance Indus river Water

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Deposition of atmospheric pollutant and their chemical characterization in snow pit profile at Dokriani Glacier,Central Himalaya

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第10期15卷 2236-2246页

作者： Shipika SUNDRIYAL Tanuj SHUKLA Lekhendra TRIPATHEE Dwarika Prashad DOBHAL Sameer Kumar TIWARI Uday BHAN Centre for Glaciology Wadia Institute of Himalayan GeologyDehradun-248001UtturakhandIndia National Institute of Hydrology Roorkee-247667UttarakhandIndia Indian Institute oj:Technology Kanpur-208016Uttar PradeshIndia State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou730000China Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology Dehradun-248001UttarakhandIndia University of Petroleum and Energy Studies BidholiDehradun-248001UttarakhandIndia

The uncertainty in assessing the numerous atmospheric pollutants transported via wind from arid and semi-arid regions is affecting the glacial ecosystem. In our study area due to the complexity of the system, a prominent seasonal difference noticed among major ions(Ca^(2+), Mg^(2+), SO_4^(2-), and NO_3^-). There is a need for understanding the ions cycling as a whole and the directionality of the feedback loops in the system. Therefore, we provide an appraisal of our current hypothesis for seasonal difference in major ion concentration from snow samples for two corresponding years(2013 and 2015) at Dokriani Glacier. A systematic study of chemical compositionsin the shallow snow pit from Dokriani Glacier was undertaken for the pre-monsoon season to understand the cycling of major ions from atmosphere to solute acquisition process. The intimating connections of ions cycling in snow and its temporal behavior was observed and analyzed through various statistical tests. Among major ions, the SO_4^(2-)has the highest concentration among anions on an average considered as 14.21% in 2013 and 29.46% in 2015. On the other side Ca^(2+) is the dominant cation contributing 28.22% in 2013 and 15.3% in 2015 on average. The average ratio of Na+/Cl-was higher in 2013 whereas lower in 2015. The backward trajectory analysis suggests the possible sources of the ions transported from Central Asia through the western disturbance(WD) as a prominent source of winter precipitation mainly in the Central Himalaya. Ionicconcentration of Ca^(2+) in cations was highly dominated while in anion SO_4^(2-)played the major role. Factor analysis and correlation matrix suggested that, the precipitation chemistry is mostly influenced by anthropogenic, crustal, and sea salt sources over the studied region. The elemental cycling through ocean, atmosphere and biosphere opens up new ways to understand the geochemical processes operating at the glacierized catchments of the Himalaya. Moreover, increasing the

关键词： western disturbance Central Himalaya Factor analysis Correlation analysis Snow Stratigraphy Atmospheric pollutants

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