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Thermal Structure and Rheology of the Upper Mantle Derived from Mantle Xenoliths from Gansu Province, western china

Earthquake Research in china 2004年第3期18卷 281-299页

作者： ShiLanbin LinChuanyong ChenXiaode InstituteofGeology ChinaEarthquakeAdministrationBeijing100029China

Mantle xenoliths brought up by Cenozoic volcanic rocks onto the earth’s surface may provide direct information about the upper mantle beneath the volcanic region. This paper presents the study on mantle xenoliths collected from Haoti village, Dangchang County, Gansu Province, western china. The main purpose of the study is to gain an insight into the thermal structure and rheology of the upper mantle beneath the region. The results show that the upper mantle of the region is composed mainly of spinel lherzolite at shallower depth (52～75km), and garnet lherzolite at greater depth (greater than 75km), instead of harzburgite and dunite as proposed by some previous studies. The upper mantle geotherm derived from the equilibrium temperatures and pressures of xenoliths from the region is lower than that of North china, and is somewhat closer to the Oceanic geotherm. The crust-mantle boundary is determined from the geotherm to be at about 52km, and the Moho seems to be the transition zone of lower crust material with spinel lherzolite. If we take 1280℃ as the temperature of the top of asthenosphere, then the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary should be at about 120km depth. The differential stress of the upper mantle is determined by using recrystallized grain size piezometry, while the strain rate and equivalent viscosity are determined by using the high temperature flow law of peridotite. The differential stress, strain rate and viscosity profiles constructed on the basis of the obtained values indicate that asthenospheric diapir occurred in this region during the Cenozoic time, resulting in the corresponding thinning of the lithosphere. However, the scale and intensity of the diapir was significantly less than that occurring in the North china region. Moreover, numerous small-scale shear zones with localized deformation might occur in the lithospheric mantle, as evidenced by the extensive occurrence of xenoliths with tabular equigranular texture.

关键词： Mantle xenoliths Upper mantle Thermal structure Rheology Gansu Province western china

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What determine herder households' sustainable grassland management behaviors in western china?

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Ecological Economy 2014年第2期7卷 108-119页

作者： TAN Shu-hao TAN Zhong-chun School of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development Renmin University of China School of Management Science & Industrial Engineering Nanjing University of Finance & Economics

Grassland is most important in china due to its multi-functions. However, about 90% of total usable grassland in china has been degraded and the degradation expands at a rate of 2 million ha per year. western china covers 6.12 million square kilometers and 63.8% of the total national area with a distribution of 50 minority nationalities and 75% of the minority national population. Ecological environment there is very vulnerable with more than 90% areas of the annually increased degradation taking place. Under the current tenure arrangement, the individual herder households become the main and direct users of grassland, their decision-making on grassland management may have crucial impact on ecological environment as well as their livelihoods. Thus, it is necessary to examine the determinants of their grassland management behaviors. This study applies 231 household field data from 6 provinces of western china and uses econometric models to explore the major constraints for restricting the herd households' grassland management behaviors. Main results show that under the current tenure and other governance measures, institutional factors, market price and herder's farm and household's characteristics affect the grassland management behaviors.

关键词： grassland herd household model institutions land governance western china

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Towards a Harmonious western china:A Critical Review on xibu dakaifa and the Border Trade

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Asian Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies 2009年第3期3卷 57-72页

作者： Itamar Y.Lee The Institute of Defence Studies and Analyses(IDSA) New DelhiIndia

The development of western china has strategic implications not only for china’s domestic politico-economic stability but also for the peace in the neighboring regions as well as for changing shifts of global power *** paper intends to critically review current reality of economic development in western china and the trend of border trade with the neighboring regions including Central Asia,Southeast Asia,and South Asia,while arguing that general trend of xibu dakaifa,western china development program,has been uneven and asymmetric in a paradoxical *** is necessary,thus,to search for a balanced development plan for western china with a global outlook especially linking china to the Middle East via Central Asia and South Asia.

关键词： western china the Border Trade Harmonious Development

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Green and compatible industrial development in western china

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2014年第1期12卷 24-32页

作者： Zhouying Song Weidong Liu Zhipeng Tang Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences

western china has lagged a lot in terms of industrial structure and economic development,compared with the national *** china announced its target of CO_2 emission reduction,*** 2020,CO_2 emission per GDP will drop by40-45%compared with *** target will be incorporated into china's long-term industrial *** this background,this paper will make a comprehensive examination of the industrial development of western china,aiming to discover a green and compatible ***,we analyze the spatiotemporal evolution of regional industrial structure for the period ***,we try to discover the industrial structure optimization path for western china by employing the Vector Auto Regression ***,we try to provide some advice and suggestions for further industrial development in western *** examination shows that further industrial development in western china should pay full attention to resource conservation and recycling,and develop on a green and compatible path.

关键词： western china industrial development optimization model compatible development low-carbon

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Review,assessment and recommendations on environmental policies in western china

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2014年第1期12卷 42-51页

作者： Huiyuan Zhang Guihuan Liu Haiguang Hao Shufang Liu Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning

Reviewing the existing environmental policies in western china,we find that:in time sequence,the characteristics of china's western environmental policies shift from"development drive governance"to the full implementation of environmental protection and construction;and in spatial sequence,the ecological,social,and economic development of western china reach to coordination through the nature reserve setting,ecological migrants,fiscal transfer payment and differentiated ecological environmental *** to the implementation of the policies and projects,environmental degradation trends in the western ecological environment were alleviated significantly,the living conditions of farmers and herdsmen were improved,and many successful experiences were ***,future ecological environmental construction in western china requires further improvement in integrated planning,eco-compensation mechanism,and policy *** paper concludes with specific recommendations such as drawing up ecological environment construction planning,strengthening environmental law enforcement and incentive mechanisms,improving policy assessment and scientific support,enhancing environmental protection capacity,improving eco-compensation mechanism,and refining the environmental policies for key areas.

关键词： western china environmental policy outcomes and effects gaps recommendations

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Classification of snow cover days in western china and comparison with satellite remote sensing data

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2012年第3期4卷 249-258页

作者： LiYe He DongLiang Li Lian Chen Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Information Science ＆ Technology Nanjing Jiangsu 210044 China Tianjin Climate Center Tianjin 300074 China

The daily snow cover data from 232 meteorological stations to the west of 105°E in china for the period 1951-2004 were used to classify the snow cover and analyze decadal variations of snow cover types in western china, and comparison was made between the observational data and those retrieved from passive microwave remote sensing data （SMMR and SSM/I） in 1980-2004. The results show that stable snow-covered areas included northern Xinjiang, the Tianshan Mountains, and the eastern Tibetan Plateau with more than 60 snow cover days; no snow cover was found in the center of the southern Xinjiang Basin, the Sichuan Basin, and southern Yunnan. In addition to the above-mentioned, there were unstable snow-covered areas in western china. Furthermore, the snow cover types in northern Xinjiang, the Tianshan Mountains, the Hexi Corridor, and the vast areas from Chengdu to Kunming were unchanged. In the 1980s, the south-north dividing line between the major snow-covered area and snow-free area advanced to its most southern position. The snow cover days calculated from satellite remote sensing were generally longer than those from observational data in western china, mainly in the higher-altitude mountains, the Hexi Corridor, and the western Sichuan Plateau.

关键词： western china snow cover days types of snow cover satellite remote sensing

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Discussing on The Need of Examining the Effect of FDI on western china

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Proceedings of Business and Economic Studies 2020年第6期3卷 25-28页

作者： Zibo Ma Corvinus University of Budapest Hungary

western china,where the over-all economic performance is the most lagged-behind in the country,exhibits significant differences in status of FDI(Foreign Direct Investment)and factors attracting FDI compared with its Eastern *** positive effects of FDI on economy has been proven in the East during decades of rapid development,while the interaction of FDI with local economy in the West has not been sufficiently studied.

关键词： FDI Economy western china Interaction

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Magnetostratigraphic study of the Kuche Depression,Tarim Basin,and Cenozoic uplift ofthe Tian Shan Range,western china

Magnetostratigraphic study of the Kuche Depression,Tarim Bas...

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中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所2006学术年会

作者： John D.A.Piper Geomagnetism Laboratory Department of Earth and Ocean SciencesUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpool L69 7ZEUK

Magnetostratigraphic and rock magnetic results from 1006 horizons in Paleogene and Neogene sediments between the upper Kumugeliemu Formation and the base of the Kuche Formation within the Kuche Depression of the Tarim Basin,NW china,are used to evaluate postcollisional uplift and deformation in the Tian Shan *** remanences with both normal and reversed polarity were isolated by thermal demagnetization,generally between 300 and 690℃,and a composite magnetostratigraphy is constructed from data at 969 accepted levels correlating with polarity chrons C12n to C3r dated between□31.0 and□5.5 Ma on the CK95 geomagnetic polarity time *** height-dependent changes of rock magnetic parameters(km and AMS ellipsoid parameters) indicate that these sediments were influenced by weak deformation with the succession accumulated before□15 Ma recording the effects of compressive *** finding,together with two substantial increases in accumulation rate at□16 - 17 and□7 Ma,define a framework for Cenozoic uplift and deformation of the Tian Shan *** argue that thrusting in the south of the range was probably initiated at□20 Ma and followed by rapid uplift at□16 - 17 *** the assumption that sediment accumulation in western china was still predominately tectonically controlled at□7 Ma,another later pulse of rapid uplift with a much larger regional influence is also recognized in the Tian *** Kuche Depression was subjected to two postcollisional phases of rotational deformation with clockwise rotation prior to□12 Ma(□1.36°/7Ma) succeeded by counterclockwise rotation(at□1.64°/Ma) after□12 Ma and possibly continuing to the present *** rotational deformation is not temporally related to the history of basin formation resolved from the magnetostratigraphy and may be linked to block interactions with adjoining terranes.

关键词： Paleogene and Neogene western china Central Asia Magnetostratigraphy Neotectonics Magnetic fabrics Kuche Depression Tian Shan Tectonic uplift

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Spin-flow Biogas Fermentation Digester and Its Fermentation Process Core Technology to Promote Biogas Development in Rural Areas of western china

Spin-flow Biogas Fermentation Digester and Its Fermentation ...

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作者： Qiu Ling Northwest Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology University,Northwest Working Station of Quality Inspection Center for Biogas Products of the Ministry of Agriculture,Yangling 712100

On the basis of anaerobic organism adherence to form membrane and recycled use technologies and clear understanding about the flow status of materials and operation mechanism in the biogas fermentation device,spin-flow high efficiency biogas fermentation digester is released as research *** with the fermentation device,the dynamic continuous fermentation process of self-flow material loading,spin-flow,forced backflow agitation,fixing bacteria for memhrane formation has been explored,which resolved the technical problems faced in static and interrupted fermentation process of uneven distribution of bacteria and difficulties of *** engineering inspection and testing, the dynamic fermentation device and process can achieve over 50% of higher biogas production than the static fermentation device and process;it hence achieved the objectives of year round gas production,sustained use and easy management.

关键词： biogas device fermentation process western china modern agriculture

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Crust and upper mantle structure beneath western china from P wave travel time tomography

Crust and upper mantle structure beneath western China from ...

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中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所2002学术年会

作者： Yi Xu Futian Liu Jianhua Liu Hui Chen Institute of geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,china

Three-dimensional velocity images of the crust and upper mantle beneath western china are obtained through seismic tomography by using first P wave arrival times of local/regional and teleseismic events recorded in Chinese and Kyrgyzhstan seismic *** shallow depths,most mountain belts and tectonically elevated areas are imaged as higher velocities,relative to adjacent sediment-filled basins and foreland depressions with lower *** mid-lower crust depths,the Kyrgyz Tian Shan is underlain by lower velocity material and a distinct low velocity zone in the south-north direction is observed between the eastern and western parts of the Chinese Tian *** Moho of the southern Tarim basin has a greater depth over 50 km in front of the western Kun Lun,compared to the northern and western Tarim *** heterogeneity within the upper mantle is apparent at depths from 71 km to 571 *** uppermost mantle beneath the Kyrgyz Tian Shan,Altay,Qi Lian and eastern Kun Lun is characterized by low velocity material that is probably related to the upwelling of hot *** lithospheric thickness varies from 120-170 km beneath the Chinese Tian Shan and northern Tibetan plateau to 200-250 km beneath the Tarim *** coupling pattern of the Chinese Tian Shan with adjacent provinces can be classified into the embedding,detaching and sinking,and underthrusting of lithospheric *** addition,the lithosphere of the northern edge of the Tibetan plateau seems to be thickened,in contrast to the central part of the northern plateau. North-dipping low velocities exist in the upper mantle between the Tibetan plateau and provinces to its north,which might indicate mantle flow from the Tibetan plateau towards surrounding areas, but it has been blocked by the thick Tarim lithosphere.

关键词： western china crust and upper mantle seismic tomography lithospheric structure continental collision

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