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Optimal transcorneal electrical stimulation parameters for preserving photoreceptors in a mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2543-2552页

作者： Sam Enayati Karen Chang Anton Lennikov Menglu Yang Cherin Lee Ajay Ashok Farris Elzaridi Christina Yen Kasim Gunes Jia Xie Kin-Sang Cho Tor Paaske Utheim Dong Feng Chen Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear Department of OphthalmologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Institute of clinical medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway Department of Medical Biochemistry Oslo University HospitalUniversity of OsloOsloNorway Department of Ophthalmology Drammen HospitalVestre Viken Hospital TrustDrammenNorway Department of Histology and Embryology School of MedicineMarmara UniversityIstanbulTurkiye

Retinitis pigmentosa is a hereditary retinal disease that affects rod and cone photoreceptors,leading to progressive photoreceptor loss.Previous research supports the beneficial effect of electrical stimulation on photoreceptor survival.This study aims to identify the most effective electrical stimulation parameters and functional advantages of transcorneal electrical stimulation(tcES)in mice affected by inherited retinal degeneration.Additionally,the study seeked to analyze the electric field that reaches the retina in both eyes in mice and post-mortem humans.In this study,we recorded waveforms and voltages directed to the retina during transcorneal electrical stimulation in C57BL/6J mice using an intraocular needle probe with rectangular,sine,and ramp waveforms.To investigate the functional effects of electrical stimulation on photoreceptors,we used human retinal explant cultures and rhodopsin knockout(Rho^(-/-))mice,demonstrating progressive photoreceptor degeneration with age.Human retinal explants isolated from the donors’eyes were then subjected to electrical stimulation and cultured for 48 hours to simulate the neurodegenerative environment in vitro.Photoreceptor density was evaluated by rhodopsin immunolabeling.In vivo Rho^(-/-)mice were subjected to two 5-day series of daily transcorneal electrical stimulation using rectangular and ramp waveforms.Retinal function and visual perception of mice were evaluated by electroretinography and optomotor response(OMR),respectively.Immunolabeling was used to assess the morphological and biochemical changes of the photoreceptor and bipolar cells in mouse retinas.Oscilloscope recordings indicated effective delivery of rectangular,sine,and ramp waveforms to the retina by transcorneal electrical stimulation,of which the ramp waveform required the lowest voltage.Evaluation of the total conductive resistance of the post-mortem human compared to the mouse eyes indicated higher cornea-to-retina resistance in human eyes.The temperature recordings during and after electrical

关键词： bipolar cells electrical stimulation neuroprotection photoreceptor degeneration retina retinal explants retinitis pigmentosa transcorneal electrical stimulation waveform

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Multi-Sinusoidal waveform Shaping for Integrated Data and Energy Transfer in Aging Channels

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China Communications 2023年第4期20卷 243-258页

作者： Jie Hu Yaping Hou Kun Yang Yangtze Delta Region Institute(Huzhou) University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaHuzhou 313001China School of Information and Communication Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China

Integrated data and energy transfer(IDET)is capable of simultaneously delivering on-demand data and energy to low-power Internet of Everything(Io E)devices.We propose a multi-carrier IDET transceiver relying on superposition waveforms consisting of multi-sinusoidal signals for wireless energy transfer(WET)and orthogonal-frequency-divisionmultiplexing(OFDM)signals for wireless data transfer(WDT).The outdated channel state information(CSI)in aging channels is employed by the transmitter to shape IDET waveforms.With the constraints of transmission power and WDT requirement,the amplitudes and phases of the IDET waveform at the transmitter and the power splitter at the receiver are jointly optimised for maximising the average directcurrent(DC)among a limited number of transmission frames with the existence of carrier-frequencyoffset(CFO).For the amplitude optimisation,the original non-convex problem can be transformed into a reversed geometric programming problem,then it can be effectively solved with existing tools.As for the phase optimisation,the artificial bee colony(ABC)algorithm is invoked in order to deal with the nonconvexity.Iteration between the amplitude optimisation and phase optimisation yields our joint design.Numerical results demonstrate the advantage of our joint design for the IDET waveform shaping with the existence of the CFO and the outdated CSI.

关键词： integrated data and energy transfer(IDET) wireless energy transfer(WET) simultaneous wireless information and power transfer(SWIPT) carrier-frequency-offset(CFO) waveform aging channels outdated channel state information(CSI) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM)

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Full waveform inversion based on the ensemble Kalman filter method using uniform sampling without replacement

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Science Bulletin 2019年第5期64卷 321-330页

作者： Jian Wang Dinghui Yang Hao Jing Hao Wu Department of Mathematical Sciences Tsinghua University

Full waveform inversion(FWI) has been increasingly more and more important in seismology to better understand the interior structure of the Earth. FWI, by taking advantage of both the traveltime and amplitude in the data, provides high-resolution model parameters of the earth which can produce images with high resolution. However, this inversion method conventionally suffers from non-uniqueness due to many local minima of the objective function and large computing costs. In this study, we propose a new FWI method in a semi-random framework by integrating the ensemble Kalman filter and uniform sampling without replacement. Numerical results demonstrate that the new method can achieve highresolution results and a wider convergence domain. Accordingly, the new method overcomes the disadvantage of conventional FWIs that depend strongly on the initial model.

关键词： Data assimilation Ensemble Kalman filter Uniform sampling without replacement Full waveform inversion

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Study on Force Mechanism for Therapeutic Effect of Pushing Manipulation with One-Finger Meditation Base on Similarity Analysis of Force and waveform

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第7期24卷 531-536页

作者： FANG Lei FANG Min GUO Min-min School of Rehabilitation Science Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Tuina Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Department of Mechanics and Engineer Science Fudan University

Objective： To reveal the force mechanism for therapeutic effect of pushing manipulation with one-finger meditation. Methods： A total of 15 participants were recruited in this study and assigned to an expert group, a skilled group and a novice group, with 5 participants in each group. Mechanical signals were collected from a biomechanical testing platform, and these data were further observed via similarity analysis and cluster analysis. Results： Comparing the force waveforms of manipulation revealed that the manipulation forces were similar between the expert group and the skilled group（P〉0.05）. The mean value of vertical force was 9.8 N, and 95% CI rang from 6.37 to 14.70 N, but there were significant differences compared with the novice group（P〈0.05）. The result of overall similarity coefficient cluster analysis showed that two kinds of manipulation forces curves were existed between the expert group and the skilled group. Conclusion： Pushing manipulation with one-finger meditation is a kind of light stimulation manipulation on the acupoint, and force characteristics of double waveforms continuously alternated during manual operation.

关键词： pushing manipulation with one-finger meditation Tuina biomechanics force characteristics waveform

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The effect of thermal loading waveform on the failure mechanism of atmospheric-plasma-sprayed thermal barrier coating system

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2018年第11期61卷 1679-1687页

作者： LI ShaoLin YANG XiaoGuang QI HongYu CHE Chang School of Energy and Power Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Aero-Engine Beijing 100191China School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

The hot-end components of gas turbine engines in the serviced condition usually suffer from the thermal cycle loading effect.Thermal barrier coating(TBCs) have been used as a protective coating to prevent degradation during practical applications. In the current work, the influence of a loading waveform on the failure mechanism of an atmospheric plasma-sprayed TBCs is investigated at an elevated temperature. The samples under the trapezoidal loading condition present a lower thermal cycling fatigue lifetime than that under the triangular loading condition. Moreover, cracks in the TBCs samples under the triangular loading condition are initiated from the defects on the top coat formed during preparation, and cracks under the trapezoidal loading condition preferentially occur at the thermally grown oxide-top coat interface due to higher stress at the interface. Our results demonstrate that the thermal loading waveform should be carefully designed to characterize the in-service condition of hot-end components.

关键词： coating loading waveform thermal-fatigue air-plasma-sprayed

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Investigation on the effect of beam divergence angle upon output waveform based on stimulated Brillouin scattering optical limiting

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Chinese Physics B 2009年第7期18卷 2835-2838页

作者：哈斯乌力吉鲁欢欢公胜付美玲吕志伟林殿阳何伟明 Institute of Opto-electronics Harbin Institute of Technology

This paper investigates the effect of beam divergence angle on output waveform based on stimulated Brillouin scattering optical limiting.Output waveforms in the case of different pump divergence angles are numerically simulated,and validated in a Nd：YAG seed-injected laser system.The results indicate that a small pump divergence angle can lead to good interaction between pump and Stokes,and a platform can be easily realized in the transmitted waveform.In contrast,a peak followed by the platform appears when the divergence angle becomes large.

关键词： stimulated Brillouin scattering optical limiting waveform beam divergence angle

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Measurement of stimulated Brillouin scattering(SBS) threshold based on waveform variation of SBS optical limiting

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Chinese Physics B 2009年第12期18卷 5362-5365页

作者：哈斯乌力吉鲁欢欢付美玲公胜吕志伟林殿阳何伟明高玮 Institute of Opto-electronics Harbin Institute of Technology National Key Laboratory of Tunable Laser Technology Harbin Institute of Technology

This paper proposes a method for measuring the stimulated Brillouin scattering （SBS） threshold based on waveform variation of SBS optical limiting. The output waveforms for different pump power densities are numerically simulated, and validated in the Nd：YAG seed-injected laser system. The results indicate that SBS does not take place in the case of a low pump power density and thus the output power scales up linearly with pump power. Once the pump power density exceeds the SBS threshold, SBS takes place and thereby the energies are transferred from pump to Stokes. As a result, a small shoulder appears in the trailing edge of the output waveform, which provides another method to determine the SBS threshold.

关键词： stimulated Brillouin scattering （SBS） SBS optical limiting SBS threshold waveform

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INFLUENCE OF APPLIED POTENTIAL AND LOADING waveform ON FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH FOR STEEL A537 IN 3.5% NaCl SOLUTION

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 1993年第12期6卷 459-464页

作者： LI Jin WANG Zengfu KE Wei Corrosion Science Laboratory,Institute of Corrosion and Protection of Metals,Academia Sinica,Shenyang,China Institute of Corrosion and Protection of Metals,Academia Sinica,Shenyang 110015,China Inst of Corrosion and Protection of Metals Shenyang China

Influence of applied potentials and loading waveform on the fatigue crack growth for steel A537 in 3.5% NaCl solution,and corresponding straining electrode behaviour have been studied.Under the applied potentials over or below -800mV(SCE),the anodic dissolution or the hydrogen embrittlement is predominatant,respectively.For applied anodic potential,the acceleration effect of continuous loading pattern on the CF crack growth mainly appeared at the range of low ΔK values,while for cathodic potential,it appeared at the high ΔK values.The continuous straining causes a decrease of natural potential and an increase of anodic dissolution current.

关键词： corrosion fatigue steel A537 waveform potential straining eleclrode

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Inversion of near-field waveform data for earthquake source rupture process(Ⅱ):Inversion of Chi Chi earthquake source,20 September,1999,Taiwan

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Science China Earth Sciences 2006年第3期49卷 272-282页

作者： ZHOU Shiyong CHEN Xiaofei Department of Geophysics Peking University Beijing 100871 China Department of Geophysics Peking University Beijing 100871 China

The new inversion algorithm developed based on the recent progress in the nonlinear programming study by us is used to invert the earthquake source process of Chi Chi earthquake Mw7.6, 20 Semptember,1999, Taiwan. A curve fault model is constructed in our inversion to make the fault model close to the real rupturing fault to reduce the influence from the discrepancy between the constructed fault model and the real rupturing fault. The results show that (1) the rupture process of the Chi Chi earthquake source lasted about 32 seconds and the main faulting occurred between 6th to 21st second after the start of the ruptures and the high slip area were mainly located at the northern segment of the fault. (2) The slip was dominated by thrust faulting. The average rake angle was 64.5°, which was very consistent with those inverted by USGS, Harvard and CWB (Central Weather Bureau of Taiwan). The amount of the moment inverted in this paper was 7.76×1020 NM, which was a slightly bigger than those inverted by USGS and Harvard. (3) A clear nucleation step existed in the source faulting process and it lasted about 6 seconds. The moment release rate accelerated obviously at the end of the nucleation step. The faulting started from the southern segment and mainly occurred at the northern segment after 10 seconds. At the end of this paper, we analyzed the reliability of the inver- sion result via comparing with the GPS observations and discussed its scientific signification.

关键词： Chi Chi earthquake, source rupture process, waveform inversion, near-source data, source mechanism.

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Time-Domain Full waveform Inversion Using the Gradient Preconditioning Based on Transmitted Wave Energy

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2019年第4期18卷 859-867页

作者： SONG Peng TAN Jun LIU Zhaolun ZHANG Xiaobo LIU Baohua YU Kaiben LI Jinshan XIA Dongming XIE Chuang College of Marine Geo-Sciences Ocean University of China Qingdao 266100 China Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao 266100 China Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques Ministry of Education Ocean University of China Qingdao 266100 China Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia National Deep Sea Center Qingdao 266100 China

The gradient preconditioning approach based on seismic wave energy can effectively avoid the huge memory consumption of the gradient preconditioning algorithms based on the Hessian matrix. However, the accuracy of this approach is prone to be influ- enced by the energy of reflected waves. To tackle this problem, the paper proposes a new gradient preconditioning method based on the energy of transmitted waves. The approach scales the gradient through a precondition factor, which is calculated by the ‘ap- proximate transmission wavefield’ simulation based on the nonreflecting acoustic wave equation. The method requires no computing nor storing of the Hessian matrix and its inverse matrix. Furthermore, the proposed method can effectively eliminate the effects of geometric spreading and disproportionality in the gradient illumination. The results of model experiments show that the time-domain full waveform inversion (FWI) using the gradient preconditioning based on transmitted wave energy can achieve higher inversion accuracy for deep high-velocity bodies and their underlying strata in comparison with the one using the gradient preconditioning based on seismic wave energy. The field marine seismic data test shows that our proposed method is also highly applicable to the FWI of field marine seismic data.

关键词： full waveform inversion gradient preconditioning transmitted wave nonreflecting acoustic wave equation

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