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waterproof of rock joint with lead strip for splitting tuff sheet in ancient China quarrying caverns

Science China(Technological Sciences) 2012年第4期55卷 960-969页

作者： YANG ZhiFa ZHANG LuQing YUE ZhongQi ZHANG ZhongJian YANG TianYao LIN XianJian TAO KeJie ZHU JieWang Key Laboratory of Engineering Geomechanics Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Department of Civil Engineering University ofHong Kong Hong Kong China Shepandao Hotspring Resort Co. Ltd. Sanmen 317100 China State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Civil Engineering Institute Shandong Construction University Jinan 250001 China

This paper presents the relics of rock joints caulked with lead strips, unearthed by the authors in 2007 and 2008. The relics were in ancient quarry caverns in Shepan Island, Zhejiang Province, eastern China. The quarry activities were mainly carried out for production of regular tuff stone plates about 800 years ago. Each of the lead strips was sealed into a rock joint by punching manually and carefully. At present, the lead strips still contact tightly with the rock joints and new mineral cerussite is found to have formed at the contact surfaces between the lead strip and its caulked rock joint. The use of lead strips caulking rock joints in quarry caverns is found for prevention of water from seeping out of the country rocks into quarry cavern bases, where all of the in-situ intact tuff rock was manually and near-horizontally split into thin rock sheets one by one for production of regular tuff plates. Furthermore, it is found that the tensile splitting of tuff sheets at the cavern base required the intact rocks at the cavern base had to be dry. Through this horizontal base splitting for tuff sheets from the top to the bottom, a dome-shape interior space was formed for each rock cavern with the near horizontal imprints of thin sheet layers permanently on the sidewalls.

关键词： rock cavern lead strips sealant joints waterproof tuff splitting quarry

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waterproof,Self‑Adhesive,and Large‑Area Luminescent Perovskite–Polymer Fiber Membranes

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Advanced Fiber Materials 2023年第5期5卷 1737-1748页

作者： Ying Chen Zhenyu Zhang Yanming Sun Guoping Wang Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China College of Electronics and Information Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

Recently,waterproof lighting and luminescent displays have been achieved in perovskite–polymer composite ***,practical large-area display applications are still limited to the strong electrostatic adhesion(EA)and high *** overcome these deficiencies,large-area(~600 cm2)homogeneous perovskite–polymer fiber membranes(PPFMs)are synthesized by an electrospinning strategy in this *** to the microscopic cladding of the hydrophobic polymer fibers,the electrospun PPFMs exhibit ultrastable underwater luminescence for more than 90 days,and strong EA to diverse materials without pretreatments or additional ***,by utilizing a proposed programmable laser lithography strategy,designed PPFM patterns are fabricated as the assembly blocks of large-area colorful or tridimensional ***,due to laser thermal ablation effects,the disengaged edges of these blocks are self-stitched with high mechanical stability and *** work provides a simple and effective strategy to realize waterproof,self-adhesive,and large-area display applications of perovskite nanomaterials in real world settings.

关键词： Perovskite-polymer composites Electrospinning waterproof Large area Pattern displays Laser lithography

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An air-stable and waterproof lithium metal anode enabled by wax composite packaging

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Science Bulletin 2019年第13期64卷 910-917页

作者： Yunbo Zhang Wei Lv Zhijia Huang Guangmin Zhou Yaqian Deng Jun Zhang Chen Zhang Boyu Hao Qi Qi Yan-Bing He Feiyu Kang Quan-Hong Yang Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI) Tsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center Graduate School at ShenzhenTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA Nanoyang Group State Key Laboratory of Chemical EngineeringSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

The reviving use of lithium metal anode(LMA)is one of the most promising ways to upgrade the energy density of lithium ion *** the roadmap towards the real use,besides the formation of the dendrite,various adverse reactions due to the high activity of LMA when exposed to air or the electrolyte limit its practical *** from the packaging technology in electronic industry,we propose a wax-based coating compositing with the ion conducting poly(ethylene oxide)by a simple dip-coating technology and the prepared LMA is featured with an air-stable and waterproof *** LMA thus remains stable for 24 h in ambient air even with the relative humidity of 70% while retaining about85% its electrochemical *** importantly,the LMA is accessible to water and when dipping in water,no obvious adverse reactions or capacity decay is *** the composite coating,a steady cycling performance for 500 h in symmetrical cells and a low capacity decay rate of 0.075% per cycle after 300 cycles in lithium-sulfur batteries assembled with the packaged anode have been *** work demonstrates a very simple and effective LMA package technology which is easily scalable and is very promising for speeding up the industrialization of lithium-sulfur batteries and shows potentials for the large-scale production of air-sensitive electrode materials not limited to LMAs.

关键词： Lithium metal anode Air-stable waterproof Dendrite Lithium sulfur battery

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Facile fabrication of highly conductive, waterproof, and washable e-textiles for wearable applications

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Nano Research 2021年第4期14卷 1043-1052页

作者： Ben Niu Su Yang Tao Hua Xiao Tian MingKin Koo Nanotechnology Center Institute of Textiles&ClothingThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HornHong Kong 999077China

曰ectronic textiles(e-textiles),known as a newly-developed innovation combining the textile and electronic technologies,are burgeoning as the next-generation of wearable electronics for lots of promising ***,a big concern is the durability of the e-textiles during practical ***,we describe a facile method tofabricate mechanically and electrically durable e-textiles by chemical deposition of silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)on widely used cotton *** interface between AgNPs and fabric was tightly strengthened by the bioinspired polydopamine,and a highly waterproof and anticorrosive surface was further obtained by modifying with a fluorine containing agent of 1H,1H,2H,2/~/-perfuorodecanethiol(PFDT).In addition to the low sheet resistance of 0.26 ohm/sq and high conductivity of 233.4 S/cm,the e-textiles present outstanding stability to different mechanical deformations including ultrasonication,bending and machine ***,thanks to the surface roughness of AgNPs and low surface energy of PFDT,a superhydrophobic surface,with a water contact angle of ca.152°,was further obtained,endowing the e-textiles excellent anti-corrosion to water,acid/alkaline solution and various liquids(e.g.,milk,coffee and tea).Finally,the application of this highly conductive e-textiles in wearable thermal therapy is *** with the facile,all-solution-based,and environmentally friendly fabrication protocol,the e-textiles show great potential of large-scale applications in wearable electronics.

关键词： electronic textiles silver nanoparticles washability waterproof

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A waterproof and breathable Cotton/rGO/CNT composite for constructing a layer-by-layer structured multifunctional flexible sensor

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Nano Research 2022年第10期15卷 9341-9351页

作者： Feifei Yin Yunjian Guo Hao Li Wenjing Yue Chunwei Zhang Duo Chen Wei Geng Yang Li Song Gao Guozhen Shen School of Information Science and Engineering University of JinanJinan 250022China School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China International School for Optoelectronic Engineering Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Science)Jinan 250353China Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Jinan 250022China

Developing a cotton fabric sensing layer with good waterproofness and breathability via a low-cost and eco-friendly method is increasingly important for the construction of comfortable and wearable electronic ***,a waterproof and breathable cotton fabric composite decorated by reduced graphene oxide(rGO)and carbon nanotube(CNT),Cotton/rGO/CNT,is reported by a facile solution infiltration method,and we adopt such Cotton/rGO/CNT composite to develop a layer-by-layer structured multifunctional flexible sensor,enabling the high-sensitivity detection of pressure and temperature ***,the multifunctional flexible sensor exhibits a high response toward tiny pressure,demonstrating salient superiority in the continuous and reliable monitoring of human physiological *** temperature sensing,a good linear response for the temperatures ranging from 28 to 40℃ is achieved by the multifunctional flexible sensor and gives rise to be successfully applied to the non-contact real-time monitoring of human respiration ***,an array consisting of multifunctional flexible sensors further demonstrates its feasibility in perceiving and mapping the pressure and temperature information of contact *** work provides a feasible strategy for designing cotton-based sensing layers that can effectively resist liquid water penetration and allow water vapor transmission,and offers reasonable insight for constructing comfort and multifunctional wearable electronics.

关键词： waterproof breathable multifunctional flexible sensor pressure sensing temperature sensing

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A waterproof,environment-friendly,multifunctional,and stretchable thermoelectric fabric for continuous self-powered personal health signal collection at high humidity

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SusMat 2023年第5期3卷 709-720页

作者： Xinyang He Bingyi Li Jiaxin Cai Honghua Zhang Chengzu Li Xinxin Li Jianyong Yu Liming Wang Xiaohong Qin Key Laboratory of Textile Science&Technology Ministry of EducationCollege of TextilesDonghua UniversityShanghaiChina Center for Civil Aviation Composites College of TextilesDonghua UniversityShanghaiChina Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology Donghua UniversityShanghaiChina

Thermoelectric sensors have attracted increasing attention in smart wearables due to the recognition of multiple signals in self-powered ***,present thermoelectric devices show disadvantages of low durability,weak wearability,and complex preparation processes and are susceptible to moisture in the microenvironment of the human body,which hinders their further application in wearable ***,we prepared a new thermoelectric fabric with thermoplastic polyurethane/carbon nanotubes(TPU/CNTs)by combining vacuum filtration and electrospraying *** TPU microsphere coating with good biocompatibility and environmental friendliness made the fabric worn directly and exhibits preferred water resistance,mechanical durability,and stability even after being bent 4000 times,stretched 1000 times,and washed 1000 ***,this fabric showed a Seebeck coefficient of 49μVK−1 and strain range of 250%and could collect signals well and avoided interference from *** on the biocompatibility and safety of the fabric,it can be fabricated into devices and mounted on the human face and elbow for long-term and continuous collection of data on the body’s motion and breathing simultaneously to provide collaborative support *** thermoelectric fabric-based sensor will show great potential in advanced smart wearables for health monitoring,motion detection,and human–computer interaction.

关键词： biocompatibility health monitor self-powered sensing thermoelectric fabrics waterproof

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Experimental study of CT test on the failure of acrylate spray-applied waterproof layer in the groundwater environment

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2010年第2期53卷 512-518页

作者： YANG QiXin, XU Peng & ZHENG ShangFeng 1 School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China 1. School of Civil Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 610031 China

In this study the computerized tomography (CT) was first used to quantitatively analyze the failure of acrylate spray-applied waterproof membrane in the groundwater environment. The results of the CT tests show that it is feasible to use the CT to quantitatively analyze the failure of the waterproof membrane and the CT method has the advantages of speediness and accuracy that can eliminate the fussy operation process in routine tests. The main conclusions summarized from the study are as follows. First, there are two combined-indexes that can be used to decide the failure of the spray-on waterproof layer: one is that the reduced percentage of the CT number of the spray-on waterproof layer is less than 40.0% and the other is that the variance of the CT number decreases first and then increases. Second, the applicability for the spray-on waterproof layer in the groundwater environment is the SO 24-concentration ≤ 1%, the Cl-concentration ≤ 7.5% and the pH value ≤ 12.0 of the groundwater, respectively.

关键词： spray-on waterproof layer scan CT number failure groundwater environment

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Elastic Bio-based Polyurethane Nanofibrous Membrane with Robust waterproof and Breathable Properties

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2023年第3期40卷 237-246页

作者：刘浩克王婷闫子硕斯阳俞建勇丁彬 College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620China Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology Donghua UniversityShanghai 200051China State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620China

Elastic bio-based waterproof and breathable membranes(EBWBMs) allow the passage of water vapor effectively and resist the penetration of liquid water,making it ideal for use under extreme *** this study,we used a facile strategy to design the bio-based polyurethane(PU) nanofibrous membranes with the nanoscale porous structure to provide the membranes with high waterproof and breathable *** optimization of nanofibrous membrane formation was accomplished by controlling the relative ambient humidity to modulate the cooperating effects of charge dissipation and non-solvent-induced phase *** obtained EBWBMs showed multiple functional properties,with a hydrostatic pressure of 86.41 kPa and a water vapor transmission(WVT) rate of 10.1 kg·m^(-2)·d^(-1).After 1 000 cycles of stretching at 40% strain,the EBWBMs retained over 59% of the original maximum stress and exhibited an ideal elasticity recovery ratio of 85%.Besides,even after 80% deformation,the EBWBMs still maintained a hydrostatic pressure of 30.65 kPa and a WVT rate of 13.6 kg·m^(-2)·d^(-1),suggesting that bio-based PU nanofibrous membranes could be used for protection under extreme conditions.

关键词： bio-based polyurethane(PU) electrospinning waterproof breathable membrane

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waterproof and Oil Repellent Treatments of Cotton Fabric

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Journal of Textile Science and Technology 2020年第1期6卷 59-80页

作者： Md. Iusuf Khan Sheikh Sha Alam Fatema Jannat Md. Safiqul Islam Department of Textile Engineering Wuhan Textile University Wuhan China Department of Textile Engineering Port City Intentional University Chittagong Bangladesh Department of Fashion Design and Technology Port City International University Chittagong Bangladesh

The waterproof and oil-repellent finishing of the dyed single-sided plain cotton fabric was carried out by two-dip and two-pad process. The influences of baking temperature (°C), baking time (min), concentration of finishing solution (g/L) and percentage of liquid on waterproof effect of fabric were analyzed;the influences of the contact angle and the baking temperature (°C), the baking time (min) and the concentration of the finishing agent (g/L) on the oil repellency of the fabric were investigated. The results showed that the best water-repellent finishing technology for cotton fabric was the concentration of finishing agent 30 g/L, the baking temperature 110°C, the baking time 1.5 min and the liquid-uptake 70%. The best oil-repellent finishing process for cotton fabric is 35 g/L for finishing agent, 150°C for baking temperature, and 1.5 min for baking time and pick up rate of 80%. After cotton fabric is treated with water-repellent and oil-repellent agent, the water-repellent contact angle of the fabric can reach 128°and the oil-repellent grade 6. The best finishing effect is obtained at this time. After the finishing agent acts on the surface of the fibre, the surface properties of the fibre can be changed, and the surface of the fibre can be changed from hydrophilicity to hydrophobicity. The finishing agent has good film-forming property, which makes the surface of cotton fibre smooth and has good waterproof and oil-repellent performance.

关键词： Cotton Fibre waterproof Contact Angle Orthogonal Experimental Design Oil Repellent Treatment

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waterproof of rock joint with lead strip for splitting tuff sheet in ancient China quarrying caverns

Waterproof of rock joint with lead strip for splitting tuff ...

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中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所2012年度（第12届）学术年会

This paper presents the relics of rock joints caulked with lead strips,unearthed by the authors in 2007 and *** relics were in ancient quarry caverns in Sliepan Island,Zhejiang Province,eastern *** quarry activities were mainly carried out for production of regular tuff stone plates about 800 years *** of the lead strips was sealed into a rock joint by punching manually and *** present,the lead strips still contact tightly with the rock joints and new mineral cerussite is found to have formed at the contact surfaces between the lead strip and its caulked rock *** use of lead strips caulking rock joints in quarry caverns is found for prevention of water from seeping out of the country rocks into quarry cavern bases, where all of the in-situ intact tuff rock was manually and near-horizontally split into thin rock sheets one by one for production of regular tuff ***,it is found that the tensile splitting of tuff sheets at the cavern base required the intact rocks at the cavern base had to be *** this horizontal base splitting for tuff sheets from the top to the bottom,a dome-shape interior space was formed for each rock cavern with the near horizontal imprints of thin sheet layers permanently on the sidewalls.

关键词： rock cavern lead strips sealant joints waterproof tuff splitting quarry

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