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Isolation,identification,characterization and antibiotic sensitivity profile of pathogenic Legionella pneumophila isolates from different water sources

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第5期7卷 411-415页

作者： Kannan Subbaram Hemalatha Kannan Majed Mohammad Ahmad Masadeh Department of Medical Preparatory Year–Biology Al-Ghad International Colleges for Applied Medical Sciences(Male)RiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences&Pathology Jimma UniversityJimmaEthiopia Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Jordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbid 22110Jordan

Objective:To investigate the prevalence,isolation,identification,characterization,antibiotic profile and pathogenicity of Legionellae isolated from various set of ***:A total of 400 water samples were collected from different water *** samples were pretreated using acid treatment followed by concentration and culture on buffered charcoal yeast extract *** like ability of Legionella isolates to grow in various p H range,effect of different concentrations of chlorine and effect of different temperature optima were set *** tests were performed to separate Legionellae into *** sensitivity tests and test for pathogenicity were also conducted on isolated ***:The rates of isolation of Legionella pneumophila(***) in different water sources were found to be 20%(lakes),10%(ponds),8%(water-tanks) and 1%(rivers).Most of the isolates could grow in variable p H 6–8 and it could also survive the normal level of chlorination and even at temperature of 42 *** species of Legionellae resulted in identification of 5 different species,*** being the dominant *** of *** were resistant to many *** of Legionellae into intracerebral route of suckling mice revealed that *** was the most ***:Serious and fatal *** infections may be transmitted through *** can survive under various conditions in various water *** is the important pathogen causing human *** challenge prevails to health care professionals because these Legionellae acquired antibiotic resistance to many routinely prescribed antibiotics.

关键词： Legionella pneumophila Legionellae Animal pathogenicity Virulence water sources Antibiotic resistance

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Stable isotopes reveal varying water sources of Caragana microphylla in a desert-oasis ecotone near the Badain Jaran Desert

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2018年第6期10卷 458-467页

作者： Hai Zhou WenZhi Zhao ZhiBin He Heng Ren Linze Inland River Basin Research Station Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China Lanzhou Information Center Chinese Academy of sciences Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China

Understanding the variation in a plant’s water sources is critical to understanding hydrological processes in water-limited environments. Here, we measured the stable-isotope ratios(δ18 O) of xylem water of Caragana microphylla, precipitation,soil water from different depths, and groundwater to quantitatively analyze the proportion of water sources for the *** found that the water sources of C. microphylla differed with the plant’s ages and the seasons. The main water source for young shrubs was upper-soil water, and it showed significant changes with seasonal precipitation inputs. In summer,the proportion contributed by shallow water was significantly increased with increased precipitation inputs. Then, the contribution from shallow-soil water decreased with the decline in precipitation input in spring and autumn. However, the adult shrubs resorted to deep-soil layers and groundwater as the main water sources during the whole growing season and showed much less seasonal variation. We conclude that the main water source of the young shrubs was upper-soil water and was controlled by precipitation inputs. However, once the shrub gradually grew up and the roots reached sufficient depth, the main water sources change from the upper-soil layer recharged by precipitation to deep-soil water and groundwater, which were relatively stable and abundant in the desert ecosystem. These results also suggest that desert shrubs may be able to switch their main water sources to deep and reliable water sources as their age increases, and this adjustment to water availability carries significant importance for their acclimation to the desert habitat.

关键词： water-use pattern oxygen stable isotope water sources Caragana microphylla

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A retrospective survey on the effect of Kaschin-Beck disease prophylaxis by a change of water sources

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1991年第4期3卷 67-71页

作者： Hou Xiang, Zhai Shusheng, Han Jingyuan, Xu Wei and Kong XianzheThe Second Jilin Provincial Institute for the Prevention and Treatment of endemic Discase,Jiling,China

In order to provide further references for studing on the causes of Kaschin-Beck discase (KBD) and measuring for its prevention and treatment from a macroscopic view, we analyzed the natural growth and declineof KBD and the effects of selenium and humic acid on its occurrence from an epidemiologic angle. In this article through a retrospective survey on the spots of disease areas by comparison between a change in water sources and that without. It was proved that a change in water sources was an effective measure for the prevention of KBD occurrence, and the pathogenic factor of KBD was one (or several kinds) of organic compounds or active radicals related to water.

关键词： Kaschin-Beck disease water sources humic acid

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Stable isotope techniques in plant water sources:a review

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2010年第2期2卷 112-122页

作者： Qiu Yang HongLang Xiao LiangJu Zhao MaoXian Zhou CaiZhi Li ShengKui Cao Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology and Integrated River Basin Science Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000GansuChina

The stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes widely exist in various kinds of natural *** have to cope with various water sources:rainwater,soil water,groundwater,sea water,and *** are usually characterized by different isotopic signatures (18O/16O and D/H ratios).Because there are relative abundance variations in water,and plant roots do not discriminate against specific water isotopes during water uptake,hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope ratios of water within plants provide new information on water sources,interactions between plant species and water use patterns under natural *** present,the measurement of δD,δ18O composition of various potential water sources and stem water has become significant means to identify plant water *** on previous studies,this review highlights recent advances such as theory basis,methodology,as well as different spatial and temporal scales,and existed questions and *** isotope techniques for estimating plant water sources have provided valuable tools for conducting basic and applied *** studies emphasize the modification of preparing methods,isotope technique combined with other measurements,and aerial organs of plant water source should be en-couraged.

关键词： hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope composition plant water sources arid region

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Understanding Surface water-Groundwater Conversion Relationship and Associated Hydrogeochemistry Evolution in the Upper Reaches of Luan River Basin, North China

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第3期35卷 1010-1023页

作者： Le Zhao Chunli Su Wenbo Liu Xianjun Xie School of Environmental Studies China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source Apportionment and Control of Aquatic Pollution Ministry of Ecology and EnvironmentWuhan 430078China China Geological Environmental Monitoring Institute Beijing 100081China

Luan River is the main water source in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,northern China,where the groundwater system is vulnerable and pollution issue is *** is significant for regional groundwater resources protection to identify the hydrogeochemistry evolution and affecting factors along flow direction occurred in the upper reaches,especially the surface water-groundwater(SWGW)conversion *** this study,recharge,conversion and geochemistry evolution of SW and GW were elucidated based on physical-hydrochemical indicators and stable isotopes in 36 GW samples and 20 SW samples,which were collected in July 2019 and July *** factor analysis was further utilized to determine the main factors responsible for regional hydrogeochemical *** indicate that GW recharged SW in plateau area,and SW and GW recharged each other in typical Alpine valley *** hydrochemical types are HCO3-Ca·Mg and HCO3-Ca,and the hydrochemical evolution is dominated by weathering of silicate and carbonate *** cation exchange adsorption has minor impact on groundwater *** rise of SO42-and NO3-contents in groundwater is related to industrial and agricultural *** main controlling factors of SW hydrochemical components included recharge from groundwater,industrial and mining activities,explaining 90.04%of data ***,water-rock interaction,agricultural and domestic sewage are responsible for GW quality,accounting for 83.38%.

关键词： groundwater water sources conversion relationship hydrogeochemical characteristics evolutional processes water-rock interaction factor analysis Luan River Basin.

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A Study on Determining the Hydropower Potential of Çine Dam in Turkey

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Computational water, Energy, and Environmental Engineering 2016年第2期5卷 79-85页

作者： Cengiz Koç Yıldırım Bayazıt Recep Bakış Department of City and Regional Planning Faculty of Architecture Mugla Sitki Koiman University Mugla Turkey Department of Civil Engineering Bilecik Seyh Edebali University Bilecik Turkey Department of Civil Engineering Anadolu University Eskisehir Turkey

This study has been conducted with the purpose of determining the hydroelectric potential that can be utilized by Cine dam which will be constructed for irrigation, overflow control and for energy production purposes on the Cine stream (which is located as an important arm of Büyük Menderes River in Turkey). The study will also compare other research conducted by various organizations. In order to determine the hydroelectric energy potential, the SIMAHPP 4 (Simulate and Assess the Feasibility of Hydropower Projects) professional software has been utilized. It has been observed that the calculated hydroelectric potential conforms to energy potential calculated by other organizations such as DSI (State Hydraulic Works). Especially the turbine power, installed power, turbine design flow rate and annual energy production values in the studies have been realized with close values to the real ones. The power plant which is planned to have an average of natural streams of the past 43 years has been designed with an annual power production capacity of 210.87 GWh/year (without regulation ratio) and with installed power of 48,144 MW along with a design flow rate of 35 m3/s. As a result, since these water structures have high costs associated with them and also since they will have to be functional for many years, it will be beneficial to use various different computational methods.

关键词： SIMAHPP Hydroelectric Potential water sources Çine Dam Turkey

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Comparative Analysis of Chemical, Physical and Biological Contaminants in Drinking water in Various Developed Countries around the World

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Journal of water Resource and Protection 2020年第8期12卷 714-728页

作者： Kaleh Karim Sujata Guha Ryan Beni Department of Chemistry Tennessee State University Nashville TN USA Department of Biological Sciences Tennessee State University Nashville TN USA

Sustaining a reliable and contaminant-free drinking water is becoming an increasing challenge worldwide due to human activity, industrial waste, and agricultural overuse. Surface water is the main source of drinking water around the world. However, groundwater is also becoming increasingly popular, due to its clarity and minimal need for processing to reduce turbidity. Over the years, the demand and growth in the agricultural industry has also been the means of groundwater contamination. Due to the health burden that raw water can pose, water must be processed and purified prior to consumption. Raw water quality can be compromised by physical, chemical (heavy metals and disinfection by-products), and biological contaminants. Biological contaminants can significantly impact immunocompromised populations, while chemical contaminants can impact the growth and development of young children. Although obtaining a steady and high-quality water flow to the general population is an increasing challenge, developed countries have utilized state-of-the-art technologies and techniques to provide contaminant-free water to their citizens. This research aims to provide information about the regulatory parameters, characteristics, and sources of safe drinking water in the world as a model for future use in the developing world. In this, secondary data was used to compare and contrast drinking water quality among countries in the European Union, the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Singapore, New Zealand, Australia, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates. The data indicates that Ireland and the United Kingdom have relatively lower amounts of contaminants in their drinking water. Upon completing this research, it is recommended that countries desiring clean drinking water systems should initiate and invest in programs that control and protect treatment plants, water distribution systems, water sources, and catchments.

关键词： Potable water water Contaminants Drinking water Lead Turbidity water Quality Heavy Metals Disinfection By-Products water sources

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Public Participation in Rural Environmental Governance around the water Source of Xiqin water Works in Fujian

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2018年第1期9卷 66-77页

作者：苏时鹏李鑫黄安胜孙小霞福建农林大学可持续发展研究所福州350002

Public participation is an important way to improve the overall effect and social recognition of rural environmental governance in water source areas. Public participation makes environmental governance measures more targeted and effective, contributes to protecting the basic environmental rights of the public, and makes it easier to meet the livelihood needs of rural people. Public participation in rural environmental governance in water source areas is characterized by complex behavior and is dependent on public willingness to participate. Amongst other factors, it is subject to the combined influences of both internal（psychological cognition） and external（environmental regulation） conditions. This paper builds a theoretical framework for understanding public participation behavior in rural environmental governance, and uses it to analyze a case in the rural area surrounding the Xiqin water Works in Fujian Province. In the case study, the public shows high willingness to participate, but low actual rates of participation. At the same time, the willingness of villagers to pay for the control of pollution from livestock and poultry breeding varies greatly from village to village, and there are also noticeable individual differences in public participation in the use of public collection points for rural household waste. We found that gender, understandings of environmental protection and perception of environmental regulation, play a key role in influencing the willingness of farmers to pay for the control of pollution from livestock and poultry breeding. Individual awareness of environmental protection, environmental protection facility conditions, and environmental service quality had a significant influence on public participation in the use of public collection points for rural household waste.

关键词： water sources rural environmental governance public participation willingness to pay garbage disposal behavior

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Drinking water Quality Assessment in Selected Barangays in Laoang,Northern Samar,Philippines

Drinking Water Quality Assessment in Selected Barangays in L...

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作者： Merle N.Tonog Marieta M.Poblete University of Eastern Philippines

This study aimed to assess drinking water quality of the different water sources in Barangays Vigo, Yapas and Tinoblan in Laoang Northern Samar. water sources were: deep well, pump well and communal faucets. water quality is based on the physical, chemical and bacteriological properties for each of the eight sampling stations. Three sampling periods were made at an interval of at least 15 days from January-February, 2012. Findings revealed that most water sources were within the permissible limits in terms of color, odor, p H, total dissolved solids(TDS), salinity, dissolved oxygen(DO) and nitrite. However, hardness and alkalinity were beyond the allowable limits. All water samples were positive for fecal coliforms. Thus, this study concludes that all water sources tested are not safe and not potable.

关键词： Barangays nitrite water quality water sources

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