检索结果-南通市图书馆

Implications of de Facto reuse on Future Regulatory Developments for Beaufort-Jasper water & Sewer Authority in Okatie, South Carolina, USA

引用

Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第2期15卷 173-192页

作者： Tricia H. Kilgore Shubhashini Oza Jeremy Hatfield Katherine Y. Bell Department of Technology and Innovation Beaufort-Jasper Water & Sewer Authority Okatie SC USA Department of Research and Innovation Brown and Caldwell Charlotte NC USA Department of Digital Solutions Brown and Caldwell Cleveland OH USA Department of Research and Innovation Brown and Caldwell Nashville TN USA

A significant portion of the national water supply can be attributed to de facto or unplanned potable reuse, though the extent of its contribution is difficult to estimate. Fortunately, the contribution of water Resource Recovery Facility (WRRF) effluent to waters that supply drinking water treatment plants has been documented by some communities. In the United States (US), among the top 25 most impacted drinking water treatment plants by upstream WRRF, 16% of the influent flow to the drinking water treatment plant under average streamflow and up to 100% under low-flow conditions is WRRF effluent. Currently, the full extent of de facto reuse in the US may be much higher because of population growth. The scenario is no different for Beaufort-Jasper water and Sewer Authority (BJWSA) in South Carolina, US, with contributions to the Savannah River originating from numerous WRRF and other upstream dischargers. South Carolina coastal utilities such as BJSWA are considering direct and indirect potable reuse options, driven by disposal limitations and challenges. Currently, South Carolina does not have a framework, guidelines, or regulations for reuse, but discussions have started among the regulated community. In addition to understanding the extent of de facto reuse, the state will need to develop standards and best practices to enable future adoption of planned potable reuse solutions to water resources challenges. Such guidance should address human health risk management and technical considerations regarding treatment in addition to other factors, including source control, storage, fail-safe operation, monitoring, non-cost factors, and public acceptance. This study conducted a mapping assessment specific to BJWSA, sampled at four locations on Savannah River, and observed that de facto reuse is approximately 4.6% to 5.9% during low-flow months and is within the range generally observed nationwide. When coupled with evidence that planned potable reuse can improve human health and environmental risks, this practice is

关键词： water reuse De Facto reuse Planned Potable reuse water Recycling Wastewater Derived Contaminants

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Effects of land use change and water reuse options on urban water cycle

引用

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第6期22卷 923-928页

作者： Jiho Lee Gijung Pak Chulsang Yoo Sangdan Kim Jaeyoung Yoon School of Civil Environmentaland Architectural EngineeringKorea University Department of Environmental Engineering Korea University Department of Environmental System Engineering Pukyong National University

The aim of this article was to study the effects of land use change and water reuse options on an urban water cycle. A water cycle analysis was performed on the Goonja drainage basin, located in metropolitan Seoul, using the Aquacycle model. The chronological effects of urbanization were first assessed for the land uses of the Goonja drainage basin from 1975 to 2005, where the ratio of impervious areas ranged from 43% to 84%. Progressive urbanization was identified as leading to a decrease in evapotranspiration （29%）, an increase in surface runoff （41%） and a decrease in groundwater recharge （74%）, indicating a serious distortion of the water cycle. From a subsequent analysis of the water reuse options, such as rainwater use and wastewater reuse, it is concluded that wastewater reuse seemed to have an advantage over rainwater use for providing a consistent water supply throughout the year for a country like Korea. where the rainy season is concentrated during the summer monsoon.

关键词： Aquacycle model land use change water reuse

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

reuse rate of treated wastewater in water reuse system

引用

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2005年第5期17卷 842-845页

作者： FAN Yao-bo YANG Wen-bo LI Gang WU Lin-lin WEI Yuan-song Department of water Pollution Control Technology Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085China

A water quality model for water reuse was made by mathematics induction. The relationship among the reuse rate of treated wastewater（R）, pollutant concentration of reused water（ Cs ）, pollutant concentration of influent（ C0）, removal efficiency of pollutant in wastewater（ E）, and the standard of reuse water were discussed in this study. According to the experiment result of a toilet wastewater treatment and reuse with membrane bioreactors, R would be set at less than 40%, on which all the concerned parameters could meet with the reuse water standards. To raise R of reuse water in the toilet, an important way was to improve color removal of the wastewater.

关键词： water quality model reuse rate wastewater treatment water reuse

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Aerosol exposure assessment during reclaimed water utilization in China and risk evaluation in case of Legionella

引用

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022年第7期16卷 173-183页

作者： Menghao Chen Liangliang Shi Gang Liu Xiaojin Wu Yun Lu State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk ControlSchool of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

Reclaimed water utilization provides an effective way to alleviate water shortage.However,the residual pathogens in the recycled water like Legionella,could be spread into the air as aerosols through water-to-air transmission process.Inhaling the aerosols by the people nearby increases their susceptibility to diseases.For estimating the health risks associated with the potential exposure of airborne Legionella emitted from the urban use of reclaimed water in China,nationwide questionnaire was designed to investigate the exposure habits of Chinese population in different scenarios.Quantitative microbial risk assessment(QMRA)served as the suitable explanatory tool to estimate the risk.The results indicated that annual infection probability of populations exposed to Legionella for three scenarios,0.0764(95%CI:0.0032−0.6880)for road cleaning,1.0000(95%CI:0.1883−1.0000)for greenfield irrigation,0.9981(95%CI:0.0784−1.0000)for landscape fountain,were markedly higher than the threshold recommended by WHO(10^(−4) per person per year(pppy))according to the concentration distribution of Legionella in the reclaimed water.An age-,educational background-,region-and gender-specific data in annual infection probability also showed different tendencies for some subpopulations.This study provides some detailed information on the health risks from the water reuse in China and will be useful to promote the safe application of reclaimed water in water-deficient areas.

关键词： Legionella QMRA Reclaimed water Aerosol water reuse

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Latent dimensions between water use and socio-economic development: A global exploratory statistical analysis

引用

Regional Sustainability 2022年第3期3卷 269-280页

作者： Edson Elídio BALATA Hugo PINTO Manuela Moreira da SILVA Institute of Engineering Universidade do AlgarveFaro8005-139Portugal Centre for Social Studies University of CoimbraCoimbra3000-995Portugal Faculty of Economics University of AlgarveFaro8005-139Portugal Centre for Marine and Environmental Research(CIMA) University of AlgarveFaro8005-139Portugal Centre of Engineering and Product Development(CEiiA) Matosinhos4450-017Portugal

water use and socio-economic development are interconnected in complex ways.Causalities are not easy to identify but it is evident that a nexus between water use and socio-economic development does exist.Considering the diversity of national situations relating to these interrelated phenomena,its study should be considered from a global perspective.This article critically reviews the literature and information from official sources on the relevance of water use and circular economy in order to create a global picture,linking water with socio-economic development.Data from 195 countries were analyzed statistically.A factor analysis defined five essential latent dimensions on the nexus between water use and socio-economic development:development and basic services,population and resources,economic volume,health and well-being,and population density.Based on the identified factors,countries were classified into six groups:Global South in difficulty,global semi-periphery,advanced economy,Middle East and other Global South developing economy,global weight,and small highly developed economy.The clustering results clarify connections between water use conditions and socioeconomic development.Understanding the variety of national profiles is helpful to reveal the magnitude and urgency of dealing with the nexus between water use and socio-economic development for many countries.

关键词： water reuse Circular economy water management Urban water cycle Socio-economic sustainable development Country clusters Factor analysis

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Scenario analysis for reduction of pollutant load discharged from a watershed by recycling of treated water for irrigation

引用

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第6期22卷 878-884页

作者： Eisaku Shiratani Yoshiyuki Munakata Ikuo Yoshinaga Tomijiro Kubota Koji Hamada Tadayoshi Hitomi National Institute for Rural Engineering Kokusai Kogyo Co.Ltd. National Agricultural Research Centre for Kyushu Okinawa Region

A model in which a river model was layered on a distributed model （double-layered model） was developed to analyse the transport of water and pollutants （nitrogen, phosphorus, and BOD as organic matter） in watersheds and rivers. The model was applied to the watershed of Abragafuchi Lake, Japan, where serious water pollution has occurred over three decades, and the applicability of the model was demonstrated. Scenarios of recycling of sewage treated-water into agriculture to reduce pollutant load discharged into the lake were analysed. The results showed that irrigating paddy fields with the sewage-treated water could contribute to conserving water and reducing pollutant load, with reduction rate in BOD, nitrogen, and phosphorus ranging from 6%-36%, 16%-46%, and 18%-51%, respectively. Particularly, the results indicated that, irrigating paddy fields with the treated water during non-cropping periods and the accompanying reduction in withdrawn water from the river were more effective in reducing pollutant loads discharged into the lake. Further study is required on the effect of recycled water on crop cultivation and soil conditions for safe implementation.

关键词： watershed management paddy field sewage treatment water reuse

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

In silico assessment of household level closed water cycles:Towards extreme decentralization

引用

Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2022年第2期10卷 1-11页

作者： Arjen Van de Walle Elena Torfs Dorien Gaublomme Korneel Rabaey Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology Ghent UniversityCoupure Links 6539000GhentBelgium Center for Advanced Process Technology for Urban Resource Recovery(CAPTURE) Coupure Links 6539000GhentBelgium BIOMATH Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical ModellingGhent UniversityCoupure links 6539000GhentBelgium

water management in most of the developed world is currently practiced in a highly centralized manner,leading to major infrastructure and energy costs to transport water.To decrease the impacts of water scarcity and climate change,the decentralization of water can increase local robustness.In extremis,decentralization can involve building or house level water supply and treatment.Here,we constructed a MATLAB/Simulink model for two decentralized water management configurations at the household level,assuming the socio-environmental setting of Flanders,Belgium.Independence from the potable water grid and sewer system was pursued through rainwater harvesting,reuse of wastewater streams fitfor-purpose,and discharge via infiltration.The mass balance for water was calculated over the system boundaries showing high potential for independence from the grid with a reasonable treatment train and storage options.Next,the risk of contaminant accumulation within the circular system was assessed,showing a key limitation on decentralized system performance necessitating a system purge.Up to 59%of system rainwater usage was due to the replacement of this purge.Employing treatment units with high(95%)contaminant rejection efficiencies eliminated contaminant accumulation issues.The raw model output was quantitatively assessed by constructing four newly proposed key performance indicators(KPIs),quantifying system independence,circularity,drought tolerance and local water body recharge,which allowed for facilitated system comparison and communication to stakeholders.A sensitivity analysis was performed in which the effect of input parameter variability and uncertainty on system performance was quantified.The sensitivity analysis showed the importance of water recovery and contaminant removal efficiencies of the applied treatment technologies on system performance when contaminant accumulation in the system forms an issue.In systems not severely affected by pollutant accumulation,parameters such as inhabitant number and roof surfac

关键词： Extreme decentralization Household-scale water reuse Simulations

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Implications of membrane fouling toward the removal of the pharmaceutical sulfamethoxazole by nanofiltration processes

引用

Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2011年第8期12卷 575-582页

作者： Alexander SIMON William PRICE Long Duc NGHIEM School of Civil Mining and Environmental Engineering the University of Wollongong School of Chemistry the University of Wollongong

The influence of membrane fouling on the retention of the trace organic contaminant sulfamethoxazole by a nanofiltration(NF) process was investigated.Organic fouling caused a severe flux decline possibly due to pore blocking and adsorption directly after the commencement of the fouling layer development.Such membrane-foulant interactions were absent for colloidal fouling,which resulted in a more gradual flux decline.Membrane charge played a significant role in the separation process of inorganic salts,where the retention was the highest in a caustic environment(high pH) due to more swollen membrane material caused by the higher negative charge on the membrane.Organic fouling and a combination of colloidal and organic fouling led to a significant increase in the membrane negative charge.The influence of membrane fouling on solute retention was dependent on the fouling behaviour and the physicochemical properties of the model foulants,where the model foulants probably contributed to an increase in the retention of charged solutes due to enhanced electrostatic interactions.Organic fouling caused an increase in the retention of inorganic salts and sulfamethoxazole due to pore blocking.In contrast,colloidal fouling caused a decrease in the retention of inorganic salts due to cake-enhanced concentration polarisation.However,the presence of a colloidal fouling layer did not reduce the retention of sulfamethoxazole.A mixture of colloidal and organic matter improved the retention of inorganic salts.A similar conclusion can be inferred for sulfamethoxazole at pH 4 when the compound exists in a neutral form.

关键词： Nanofiltration(NF) Organic fouling Colloidal fouling Combined fouling Trace organics water reuse

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Technical measures to achieve a cleaner production mode for recycled paper mills

引用

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2010年第4期4卷 466-474页

作者： Chao HE Zhaolin GU Shucheng YANG Jidong LIANG Weina DAI Yanling HE School of Mechanical Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710028China

China’s paper production reached 79.8×10^(6) t in 2008 and ranked number one in the world.Because of its high consumption of water,energy and materials and its serious pollution,the present processes are not likely to be sustainable.An alternative,the closed water Loop-Papermaking Integration(WLPI)method,is put forward in this paper.The WLPI method can be realized in a recycled paper mill by adding technologies and using recycled water.Many industrial case studies have shown that a large quantity of water,energy and materials can be saved,and the quantity of waste sludge and wastewater discharge was minimized by using the WLPI method.The design of the water reuse system,control of calcium hardness,water recycling and minimal waste sludge are discussed.Anaerobic technology plays an important role in the WLPI method to lower cost,energy use and waste.In the brown paper and coated white board production,zeroeffluent discharge can be realized.Fresh water consumption is only 1-2m^(3)·t^(-1).For the paper mills with deinking and bleaching processes,about 10 m^(3)·t^(-1) of fresh water and a similar amount of effluent discharge are needed.Power saving using anaerobic technology is 70%when recycled water is used in comparison with the conventional activated sludge process.Waste sludge can be decreased to about 5%of the initial process due to reuse of the waste sludge and the lower bio-sludge production of the anaerobic process.

关键词： water reuse zero discharge anaerobic treatment recycled paper cleaner production

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

water conservation in the Arab region: a must for survival

引用

Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2013年第1期5卷 157-164页

作者： Gamal M. Abdo Abdin M. A. Salih Abdulmohsen Al-Sheikh Civil Engineering Department University of Khartoum Sudan Alzamil Group Chair King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

The Arab region covers an area over 13 million square kilometers in size, with almost 90% of its area classified as arid or ex- tremely arid with very little precipitation, extremely high evaporation and almost no vegetation cover. The region is classified in many international reports as the poorest region in the world in the context of renewable water resources and critical water scarcity which hinders the socio-economfic development of many countries in this region. The rapidly increasing population has reduced the per capita share of renewable water to less than the poverty line of 1,000 m3/（capita＇a） and, in some Arab countries, to less than the extreme poverty line of 500 m3/（capita＇a）. This has led to over-exploitation of non-renewable groundwater and desalination of salty water in many countries with considerable costs and contamination of many renewable sources. Atmospheric processes re- sponsible for aridity in the Arab region are projected to intensify due to climate change, resulting in an alarming decrease in pre- cipitation and increase in evaporation rates. Many concerned entities in the region consider water security as a key element for food security and ultimately political stability. Hence, various efforts have been exerted to identify key problems and suggested solutions. The Arab water Ministers Council of the Arab League, as well as Reports of the Arab Forum for the Environment and Development （AFED） and the recommendations of the 13th Regional Meeting of the Arab National Committees of the Interna- tional Hydrological Programme of UNESCO （niP）, have all made similar recommendations on the need to address the issues of water scarcity in the Arab region which will be further discussed in this paper. However, none of these reports focused on ＂water Conservation＂ as an equally important action for coping with water scarcity in the region. There are many definitions for ＂water Conservation＂ in the scientific literature, including huge water savings from irrigation, industrial use, and domestic u

关键词： arid zone water scarcity water security irrigation efficiency climate change water harvesting water reuse

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：