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water discharge variability of Changjiang(Yangtze) and Huanghe(Yellow) Rivers and its response to climatic changes

Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2014年第6期32卷 1392-1405页

作者：张喜林范德江王厚杰杨作升 Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Technology of Ministry of Education Ocean University of China Key Laboratory of Marine Hydrocarbon Resources and Environment Geology China Geological SurveyMinistry of Land and Resources Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology China Geological Survey

Influences of large-scale climatic phenomena, such as the E1Nifio/La Nifia-Southem Oscillation （ENSO） and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation （PDO）, on the temporal variations of the annual water discharge at the Lijin station in the Huanghe （Yellow） River and at the Datong station in the Changjiang （Yangtze） River were examined. Using the empirical mode decomposition-maximum entropy spectral analysis （EMD- MESA） method, the 2- to 3-year, 8- to 14-year, and 23-year cyclical variations of the annual water discharge at the two stations were discovered. Based on the analysis results, the hydrological time series on the inter- annual to interdecadal scales were constructed. The results indicate that from 1950 to 2011, a significant downward trend occurred in the natural annual water discharge in Huanghe River. However, the changes in water discharge in Changjiang River basin exhibited a slightly upward trend. It indicated that the changes in the river discharge in the Huanghe basin were driven primarily by precipitation. Other factors, such as the precipitation over the Changjiang River tributaries, ice melt and evaporation contributed much more to the increase in the Changjiang River basin. Especially, the impacts of the inter-annual and inter-decadal climate oscillations such as ENSO and PDO could change the long-term patterns of precipitation over the basins of the two major rivers. Generally, low amounts of basin-wide precipitation on interannual to interdecadal scales over the two rivers corresponded to most of the warm ENSO events and the warm phases of the PDO, and vice versa. The positive phases of the PDO and ENSO could lead to reduced precipitation and consequently affect the long-term scale water discharges at the two rivers.

关键词： water discharge Changjiang (Yangtze) River Huanghe (Yellow) River empirical modedecomposition maximum entropy spectral analysis large-scale climate factor

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Temporal Variations of water discharge and Sediment Load of Huanghe River,China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2012年第5期22卷 507-521页

作者： LIU Feng CHEN Shenliang PENG Jun CHEN Guangquan State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China School of Nuclear Engineering and Technology East China Institute of Technology Nanchang 330013 China

Based on the data from gauging stations, the changes in water discharge and sediment load of the Huanghe （Yellow） River were analyzed by using the empirical mode decomposition （EMD） method. The results show that the periodic oscillation of water discharge and sediment load of the Huanghe River occurs at the interannual, decadal, and multi-decadal scales, caused by the periodic oscillations of precipitation, and E1 Nifio/Southern Oscillation （ENSO） af- fects water discharge by influencing precipitation distribution and contributes to periodic varations in precipitation and water discharge at interannual timescale. The water discharge and sediment load of the Huanghe River have decreased since the 1960s under the influence of precipitation and huamn activities, and human activities attribute more than precipitation to the reduction in the water discharge and sediment load, furthermore, water abstraction and water-soil conservation practices are the main causes of the decrease in water discharge and sediment load, respectively. The reduction in sediment load has directly impacted on the lower reaches of the Huanghe River and the river delta, causing considerable erosion of the river channel in the lower reaches since the 1970s along with River Delta changing siltation into erosion around 2000.

关键词： water discharge sediment load empirical mode decomposition morphological changes Huanghe River China

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Effects of water discharge on river-dominated delta growth

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Petroleum Science 2021年第6期18卷 1630-1649页

作者： Yan-Bao Zhang Yi-Ke Liu Jia Yi Xue-Jian Liu Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing100081China Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China China Earthquake Disaster Prevention Center China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing100029China The Pennsylvania State University Department of GeosciencesUniversity ParkPA16802USA

River-dominated deltas are commonly developed at modern bays and lakes and ancient petroliferous *** discharge is an important variable at pay zone scales in river-dominated delta reservoirs,which affects deltaic sand distributions and ***,it's unclear how it influences riverdominated delta *** paper integrates Delft3 D simulations and modern analogs to analyze the effects of water discharge,considering growth time,sediment supply,and coupled effects of sediment *** water discharges lead to the formation of lobate deltas,and the water discharge of 1,000 m~3/s is a referenced threshold ***-grained,highly-cohesive sediments increase the threshold values of water discharge at which the deltas become lobate from digitate,and vice *** the same simulation time,high water discharges favor more rugose shorelines,more distributary channels(especially secondary distributaries),and longer and wider deltas with more land ***,for the same sediment supply,high water discharges have few effects on shoreline roughness and the number of distributary channels.

关键词： River-dominated delta water discharge Morphology Distributary channel Hydrocarbon exploration

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Effect of land use change on water discharge in Srepok watershed,Central Highland,Viet Nam

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International Soil and water Conservation Research 2014年第3期2卷 74-86页

作者： Nguyen Thi Ngoc Quyen Nguyen Duy Liem Nguyen Kim Loi Tay Nguyen University Viet Nam.567 Le Duan streetBuon Ma Thuot CityDak Lak Province Nong Lam University Viet Nam.Linh Trung WardThu Duc districtHo Chi Minh City

Srepok watershed plays an important role in Central Highland in Viet *** impacts to developing social-economic ***,it is necessary to research elements which impact to natural resources in this *** Soil and water Assessment Tool(SWAT)model and Geography Information System(GIS)were used to simulate water discharge in the Srepok *** objectives of the research were to apply GIS and SWAT model for simulation water discharge and then,we assessed land use change which impacted on water discharge in the *** observed stream flow data from Ban Don Stream gauge station was used to calibrate for the period from 1981 to 2000 and then validate for the period from 2001 to *** using SWAT-CUP software to calibration,NSI reached 0.63 and R square value achieved 0.64 from 2004 to 2008 in calibration and NSI gained good level at 0.74 and R square got 0.75 from 2009 to 2012 in validation step at Ban Don *** that,land cover in 2010 was processed like land cover in 2000 and set up SWAT model *** simulated water discharge in scenario 1(land use 2000)was compared with scenario 2(land use 2010),the simulation result was not significant difference between two scenarios because the change of area of land use was not much enough to affect the fluctuation of water ***,the effect of land cover on water resource could be seen clearly via total water *** percentage of surface flow in 2000 was twice times more than in 2010;retard and base flow in 2000 was slightly more than in ***,decreased surface flow,increased infiltration capacity of water and enriched base flow resulted in the growth of land cover.

关键词： water discharge Land use change GIS SWAT model Simulations

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GRACE-based estimates of water discharge over the Yellow River basin

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2016年第3期7卷 187-193页

作者： Qiong Li Bo Zhong Zhicai Luo Chaolong Yao MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Geodesy and Geomatics Wuhan University Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy Ministry of Education Wuhan University

As critical component of hydrologic cycle, basin discharge is a key issue for understanding the hydrological and climatologic related to water and energy cycles. Combining GRACE gravity field models with ET from GLDAS models and precipitation from GPCP, discharge of the Yellow River basin are estimated from the water balance equation. While comparing the results with discharge from GLDAS model and in situ measurements, the results reveal that discharge from Mosaic and CLM GLDAS model can partially represent the river discharge and the discharge estimation from water balance equation could reflect the discharge from precipitation over the Yellow River basin.

关键词： GRACE Gravity field model Terrestrial water storage water discharge Yellow River basin

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Multi-scale variability of water discharge and sediment load into the Bohai Sea from 1950 to 2011

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2015年第1期25卷 85-100页

作者： REN Huiru LI Guosheng CUI Linlin HE Lei Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS Beijing 100101 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

This paper examines the changes in the time series of water discharge and sediment load of the Yellow River into the Bohai Sea. To determine the characteristics of abrupt changes and multi-scale periods of water discharge and sediment load, data from Lijin station were analyzed, and the resonance periods were then calculated. The Mann-Kendall test, order clustering, power-spectrum, and wavelet analysis were used to observe water discharge and sediment load into the sea over the last 62 years. The most significant abrupt change in water discharge into the sea occurred in 1985, and an abrupt change in sediment load happened in the same year. Significant decreases of 64.6% and 73.8% were observed in water discharge and sediment load, respectively, before 1985. More significant abrupt changes in water discharge and sediment load were observed in 1968 and 1996. The characteristics of water discharge and sediment load into the Bohai Sea show periodic oscillation at inter-annual and decadal scales. The main periods of water discharge are 9.14 years and 3.05 years, whereas the main periods of sediment load are 10.67 years, 4.27 years, and 2.78 years. The significant resonance periods between water discharge and sediment load are observed at the following temporal scales： 2.86 years, 4.44 years, and 13.33 years. water discharge and sediment load started to decrease after 1970 and has decreased significantly since 1985 for several reasons. Firstly, the precipitation of the Yellow River drainage area has reduced since 1970. Secondly, large-scale human activities, such as the building of reservoirs and floodgates, have increased. Thirdly, water and soil conservation have taken effect since 1985.

关键词： water discharge sediment load resonance periods abrupt changes multi-scale periods Yellow River Bohai Sea

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Spatial and temporal variability of water discharge in the Yellow River Basin over the past 60 years

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2012年第6期22卷 1013-1033页

作者：刘锋陈沈良董平彭俊 State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research East China Normal University Division of Civil Engineering School of EngineeringPhysics and MathematicsCollege of ArtScience and EngineeringUniversity of Dundee

water discharge data of the Yellow River over the past 60 years was analyzed using the continuous wavelet transform （CWT） and Mann-Kendall （MK） test methods to identify spatial and temporal variation patterns. Potential connections between water discharge in the Yellow River Basin and El Nifio/Southern Oscillation （ENSO） were also examined by the cross wavelet and wavelet coherence methods. CWT results show that the periodic oscillations in water discharges had occurred at the temporal scales of 1-, 2- to 4-, 6- to 8- and 10- to 22-year. It was also found that at the annual timescale （1-year） the phase relations between water discharge and ENSO were indistinct probably due to the strong influence by human disturbances. However, over the longer time scales, the phase relation becomes much clearer with an anti-phase relation being found mainly at inter-annual scale （2- to 8-year） and in-phase relation at decadal scale （16- to 22-year）. According to the MK test results water discharge at most stations except Tangnaihai have decreased significantly and the abrupt change occurred in the mid-1980s or the early 1990s. The changes in water discharge were found to be influenced by both climate changes and human activities. Before 1970 the change in water discharge was positively related to precipitation variations in the river basin, but after 1970 the decrease in water discharge has been largely caused by various human activities including constructions of reservoirs, water abstraction and water-soil conservation with water abstraction being the main cause.

关键词： spatial-temporal variability water discharge Yellow River influencing factors Mann-Kendall trend test wavelet transform analysis

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Changes of water discharge and Sediment Fluxes in Yunnan Mountains:With Reference to Longchuang River,Upper-stream of the Yangtz River

Changes of Water Discharge and Sediment Fluxes in Yunnan Mou...

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2004’全国土地资源态势与持续利用学术研讨会

作者： Zhou Yue Lu Xixi Huang Ying Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Department of Geography University of Singapore

Analysis indicates the lower reach of the Longchuangjiang produces lower water discharge but much higher sediment *** is mainly due to the dry-hot climate and the dissected terrain and the sparse vegetation downstream the ***,the basin as a whole has an unexpected lower sediment yield(water discharge and sediment fluxes increase in the wet seasons is due to local rainfall increase as a consequence of significant human activities such as expanding the irrigated land and increasing the reservoir storage capacity.

关键词： water discharge sediment fluxes land use climate change Longchuangjiang China

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Monitoring discharge from deep-sea mining ships via optical satellite observations

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第6期42卷 1853-1864页

作者： Ziyao YIN Yingcheng LU Yuru LIU Wenfeng ZHAN Haoran ZHANG Changyong DOU Chenchen WU Dong SUN Zihan LIU Chunsheng WANG Yuntao WANG International Institute for Earth System Science Collaborative Innovation Center for the South Sea StudiesNanjing UniversityNanjing 210046China Second Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou 310012China International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals Beijing 100094China

Deep-sea mining may disturb the water column environment,including the surface water and deep-sea,and these disturbances should be carefully *** sensing provides high-resolution and accurate long-term observations in the area around deep-sea *** from mining ships can be identified within few days from satellite observations based on changes in reflectance.A pioneer twomonth experimental deep-sea mining cruise was conducted by The Metal Company in the eastern Pacific Ocean from September 15 to November 17,2022.A report from Greenpeace indicated incidents of surface discharge and leakage during this mining *** this study,satellite observations captured a clear signal over the surface water from September 24 to October 28,indicating the location with discharged water from the *** number of pixels where the potential discharged water was identified in the satellite imagery ranged from 4 to *** discharged water was transported by the combined effects of wind and currents,locating continuously to the downwind side of the mothership's mooring *** sensing provides a timely and accurate monitoring system for tracking water discharge during deep-sea mining.

关键词： remote sensing deep-sea mining chlorophyll-a concentration water discharge environmental monitoring

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Filling of the Three Gorges Reservoir to the 135-m Level: Instant Effects on the Yangtze discharge and Suspended Sediment Concentration Entering the Estuary

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2009年第3期8卷 291-295页

作者： CHU Zhongxin ZHAI Shikui ZHANG Jing DING Dong Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques Ministry of Education Ocean University of China Qingdao 266100 P. R. China

Via the valuable opportunity of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) 135-m filling in June 2003, the Yangtze discharge and suspended sediment concentration (SSC) entering the estuary during the period from 15 May to 15 July 2003 were analyzed to examine the instant effects of the filling on them. The Yangtze discharge and SSC entering the estuary in the periods before, during and after the filling clearly indicated three phases: 1) the pre-storage phase characterized by natural conditions, in which the SSC increased with increasing water discharge; 2) the storage phase, during which the SSC decreased dramatically with decreasing water discharge; and 3) the post-storage phase, during which both the SSC and water discharge remained at relatively low levels first until the end of June, then the SSC increased gradually with increasing water discharge. It seems that the times for the instant effects of the decreasing discharge downstream from the upper Yangtze on the Yangtze discharge and SSC entering the estuary due to the TGR 135-m filling to take place were about 5 d and 1 d respectively, while both were about 18 d for those of the increasing discharge. This probably reflects the buffering and resultantly hysteresis of the 1800-km stretch from the upper Yangtze to the estuary. The results are helpful for scientific and hydrological investigation of the Yangtze mainstream downstream from the TGR Dam and of the estuarine and adjacent coastal waters.

关键词： Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) 135-m filling Yangtze River estuary water discharge suspended sediment concentration

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