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Response of Ficus microcarpa *** to water stress Determined by Chlorophyll Fluorescence Imaging Technique

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2012年第4期13卷 739-745页

作者：林淑玲陈华董蕾曹洪麟陈贻竹顾群广州大学地理科学学院.广东广州510006 中国科学院华南植物园广东广州510650 泽泉生态开放实验室上海200333

[Objective] This study was to determine the response of Ficus microcarpa L. foliage to polyethylene glycol （PEG） simulated water stress using chlorophyll fluo- rescence imaging technique. [Method] The responses of detached leaves from Ficus microcarpa, Ficus benjamina and Nerium oleander to PEG-6000 simulated water stress were detected, and the chlorophyll fluorescence imaging technique was used to detect and analyze the stress at different spots of a single leaf simultaneously. [Result] The responses of Ficus microcarpa, Ficus benjamina and Nerium oleander to dehydration showed that： ~1~） the maximal photochemical efficiency （Fv/Fm） and non- photo-chemical quenching （NPQ） values were small in the reaction center among different detected spots of leaves, and there were great differences between relative electron transport rate （ETR）, photochemical quenching （qP） and quantum efficiency of PSII photochemistry （（φPSII）; （2） the differences of these parameters were more ob- vious among different spots of water-stressed leaves; （3） the discrete degrees of the species with strong resitances decreased significantly. [Conclusion] This study lays the foundation for the further research on the response of plants to drought stress using chlorophyll fluorescence imaging technique.

关键词： Ficus microcarpa water stress Chlorophyll a fluorescence imaging

Effects of water stress on Economic Characters of water-saving Rice Variety Luhan No.1

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2011年第10期12卷 1453-1456,1460页

作者：王士梅黄艳玲朱启升汪婉琳张德文杨前进安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所安徽合肥230031

[Objective] This study aimed at exploring the utilization rate of water of the new water-saving rice variety ＂Luhan No.1＂ and providing references and basis for the further demonstration and extension.[Method] water-saving rice variety ＂Luhan No.1＂ and original receptor ＂6527＂ were used for dry processing without aquifer,and rice under regular irrigation conditions was used as the control.[Result] Under conditions which had economized on 67.4% of water compared with the regular irrigation,decreasing rates of 1 000-seed weight,seed setting rate,plant height and effective panicles of ＂Luhan No.1＂ were relatively small and had not achieved a significant level,while the decreasing rates of production of the region,total grains per panicle,theoretical production and filled grains per panicle of the original receptor ＂6527＂ were all over 25% and had attained very significant levels（P0.01）.[Conclusion] ＂Luhan No.1＂ had shown stable production,energy conservation,reducing environmental pollution and other advantages under water-conservating cultivation conditions.

关键词： water-saving rice Luhan No.1 water stress Economic characters

Effects of water stress on Photosynthesis and Fluorescence Characteristics in Peony

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2008年第2期9卷 101-105页

作者：张锋孔祥生张妙霞刘兢文王海华河南科技大学河南洛阳471003 河南省温县农业科学研究所河南温县454881

[ Objective] Study on the photosynthesis and fluorescence characteristics in peony under water stress. [ Method ] The two peony varieties Huhong and Luoyanghong were treated by different water stress for determining the photosynthesis and fluorescence characteristics. [ Result ] With the aggravation of water stress, the net photosynthetic rate （Pn） and stomatal conductance （Gs） decreased, while the intercellular CO2 concentration （Ci） increased. Drought could decrease Pn, constrain gas exchange and change the daily photosynthesis. Fo of peony leaf increased and Fv/Fm decreased under water stress especially water logging, causing the inactivation of the PS II reaction center, and the chlorophyll fluorescence characters gradually recovered until afternoon. [ Conclusion] The 75% soil relative water content （SRWC） is the best condition for growth of peony. Compared with drought, water logging is more unfit for the growth of peony. For the two varieties, Huhong assumed more tolerance to drought, accordingly more adaptability.

关键词： Peony water stress Photosvthetic characteristics Chlorophyll fluorescence

Studies on the Secretion of Organic Acids from Roots of Two-year-old Larix olgensis under Nutrient and water stress

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2014年第6期15卷 1015-1019页

作者：宋金凤杨迪马瑞黄文斌刘永东北林业大学黑龙江哈尔滨150040 黑龙江出入境检验检疫局技术中心黑龙江哈尔滨150001

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of nutrient and water stress on the secretion of organic acids from roots of two-year-old Larix olgensis. [Method] Different nutrient and water stress conditions were designed to investi- gate the types and quantities of organic acids secreted from roots of two-year-old L. olgensis. [Result] Under nutrient and water stress, the types of organic acids secreted from roots of two-year-old L. olgensis increased, which varied with different stress levels. In addition, nutrient and water stress also increased the secretory vol- ume of organic acids from roots of two-year-old L. olgensis. The increment in total amount of organic acids reached the maximum under Level 1 （high stress）. Among different types of organic acids, the increment in secretory volume of citric acid reached the maximum, followed by malic acid, while oxalic acid presented relatively small increment. Furthermore, the increment in secretory volume of these three organic acids all reached the maximum under Level 1. [Conclusion] The proportion of the secretory volume of each organic acid accounting for the total amount of organic acids varied slightly, but the overall order was unchanged.

关键词： Nutrient stress water stress Two-year-old Larix olgensis Organic acidssecreted from roots

Response of Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characteristic of Trifolium repens L. to water stress

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2010年第3期11卷 54-56页

作者：韩建秋上海应用技术学院生态技术与工程学院上海200235

[Objective] The aim was to study response of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in Trifolium repens *** to water stress from perspective of physiology.[Method] With *** cultivar ＂Haifa＂ as tested material,three soil water content levels were set to culture plants,including 75% （no stress,CK）,50% （moderate stress,LD） and 25% （severe stress,HD）,the effects of water stress on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were determined.[Result] The results showed that the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters changed a little when the relative soil moisture content was 75% and 50%,while the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters such as conversion efficiency of primary light energy （Fv/Fm） of PS Ⅱ,the photochemical quenching coefficient （qP） and the quantum yield of PS Ⅱ electron transport （φPS Ⅱ） decreased respectively when the relative soil moisture content was 25%.[Conclusion] When *** in severe drought conditions,the physiological functions were damaged,showing symptoms of drought injury.

关键词： water stress Chlorophyll fluorescence Daily variation Trifolium repens L.

Influence of water stress on the Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Scutellaria Baicalensis Georgi

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2010年第6期11卷 22-25页

作者：刘金花张永清李佳胡晶红李中辉山东中医药大学药学院山东济南250355 山东省金乡县建设局山东金乡272200

Previous studies have shown that water stress can stimulate biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,and physiological and biochemical characteristics of plant can play a key role in its defense responses to water *** the physiological and biochemical characteristics of potted Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi plants were investigated under continuous water stress *** results showed that the water content in roots,stems and leaves,together with chlorophyll content of the leaves decreased as the water stress ***,the specific leaf weight increased,and the content of proline and soluble sugar in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi leaves increased *** changing trends of the baicalin content in the roots,stems and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi were *** increased continuously in roots,while ascended constantly in the stems and leaves during the early days under the water stress,but decreased sharply under the heavy *** conclusion,proline and soluble sugar had a close correlation with the drought resistance of Scutellaria baicalensis *** drought is in favor of synthesizing the secondary metabolites.

关键词： Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi water stress Physiology and biochemical Baicalin

Responses of Apple Rootstock Leaf Structure on water stress

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2015年第7期16卷 1395-1397页

作者：吴亚维宋莎韩秀梅郑伟杨华马玉华贵州省果树科学研究所贵州贵阳550006 贵州省威宁县园区管理委员会贵州威宁553100

[Objective] The aim was to explore, leaf structure characters of Malus rockii and Malus robusta at drought and rewatedng. [Method] The research used Malus rockii and Malus robusta as test materials to conduct water stress treatment by water control and rewatering. [Result] Malus rockii consists of two layers of pal- isade tissue and Malus robusta consist of three layers of columnar cells. Leaf of Malus robusta is thicker, and the thickness of leaf palisade tissue-to-the thickness of spongy tissue ratio is higher. In contrast, leaf stoma of Malus rockii performs more sensitively to water change, and the stoma area after rewatering is 10 times as high as Malus robusta. Besides, after rewatering, SR grows higher, the thickness of leaf palisade tissue-to-the thickness of spongy tissue ratio declines of the two test materials, but the changes of Malus robusta prove more significant. [Conclusion] The two test materials are different in responses to drought and rewatering, and the leaf structure characters of Malus robusta changes obviously than that of Malus rockii during water variation in terms of resisting drought.

关键词： Malus robusta(Carr.) Rehd. Malus rockii Rehd. water stress

Change in Activities of Protective Enzymes in New Strains of Cichorium intybus L. Mutated in Outer Space under water stress

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2014年第12期15卷 2074-2077页

作者：李娟韩永芬陈莹贵州省草业研究所贵州贵阳550006

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of space mutation on the activities of protective enzymes in different strains of Cichorium intybus L. and provide theoretical basis for screening drought-tolerant plants in southern karst area. [Method] C. intybus seeds were sent into outer space by ＇Shijian No.8＇ seed- breeding satellite. The new strains and original variety of C. intybus L. were used as experimental materials to determine the activities of catalase （CAT）, peroxidase （POD）, superoxide dismutase （SOD）, and malondialdehyde （MDA） content. [Result] The results showed that MDA content in PA-82, Puna chicory and PA-43 increased gradually with the increase of water stress duration, which was enhanced by 0.575, 0.72 and 0.844 μmol/g respectively at 12 days. In addition, the activities of SOD, POD and CAT increased rapidly; at 9 days, the activities of SOD in PA-82, Puna chicory and PA-43 were enhanced by 878.9, 809.2 and 711.1 U/g, with the increas- ing range of 139.1%, 136.7% and 121.1%, respectively; the activities of POD were enhanced by 4 397, 3 754 and 2 767 U/（g ·min）, with the increasing range of 265.84%, 257.65% and 204.06%, respectively; the activities of CAT were enhanced by 402.1, 277.1 and 170.9 KU/L, with the increasing range of 73.08%, 39.69% and 26.20%, respectively; subsequently, the activities of these three protective enzymes were reduced significantly; at 12 days, the activities of SOD in PA-82, Puna chicory and PA-43 were reduced to 1206.5, 1144.7 and 1108.6 U/g, respectively; the activi- ties of POD were reduced to 3 145, 2 876 and 2 753 U/（g·min） , respectively; the activities of CAT were reduced to 587.2, 698.1 and 584.1 KU/L, respectively. [Con- clusion] According to the results of comprehensive evaluation, drought resistance in three C. intybus varieties exhibited a descending order of PA-82 〉 Puna chicory 〉 PA-43.

关键词： Cichorium intybus L. Space mutation water stress Protective enzyme

Effects of Different water stresses on Eco-physiological Characteristics of Hippophae rhamnoides Seedlings

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Acta Botanica Sinica 2003年第10期45卷 1238-1244页

作者：郭卫华李波黄永梅赵海霞张新时山东大学生命科学学院济南250100 北京师范大学资源科学研究所北京师范大学中国生态资产评估中心北京100875 中国科学院植物研究所植被数量生态学开放研究实验室北京100093

In order to examine the effects of the decrease of future precipitation on the eco-physiological characteristics of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides Linn.) in Huangfuchuan watershed in Nei Mongol, a water gradient experiment was conducted based on the four specially designed water supply levels, including normal precipitation, slight drought, drought and extreme drought. Results of ANOVE showed that different water gradients had a significant effect on (1) microhabitat factors, such as soil water content and soil temperature; (2) gas exchange, such as net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate; (3) resource use efficiency; and (4) leaf water potential. water use efficiency of H rhamnoides could increase under moderate water stress, i.e. drought condition, while its net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate decreased. All kinds of eco-physiological characteristics proved H. rhamnoides seedlings under all water supplies were affected by water stress more or less and that mechanism of intrinsic physiological regulation in seedlings under the extreme drought conditions had the appearance of turbulence to a certain extent. Therefore, H rhamnoides seedlings in Huangfuchuan watershed could not acclimate to extreme drought conditions.

关键词： water stress Hippophae rhamnoides Huangfuchuan watershed gas exchange water potential resource use efficiency drought