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Dominant glutamic acid metabolic flux into γ-amino butyric acid(GABA) over proline in Nicotiana tabacum leaves under water stress links GABA significant role of antioxidant activity

Dominant glutamic acid metabolic flux into γ-amino butyric ...

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湖北省遗传学会第八次代表大会暨学术讨论会

作者： Guanghui Yu~* Key Laboratory for Biotechnology of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission,College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities,Wuhan,China,430074

γ-amino butyric acid(GABA) and proline,as osmolytes,play a crucial role in protecting plants during various types of environmental *** glutamate is the common precursor of both of their *** decarboxylase(GAD,EC4.***.1.15) and ■-pryrroline-5-carboxylate synthestase (P5CS,EC 2.***.2.11/1.***.1.4) is the key enzyme in their biosynthesis ***,which synthesis pathway is dominant under water stress is yet not *** order to explore this question, the detached leaves of Nicotiana tabacum were used as the materials to measure the content of GABA and proline under water *** results showed that the content of GABA is the 9 times of that of proline in the normal growth condition with water deficit;However,the amount of GABA was increased much higher than that of proline under stress condition for 3h water loss,indicating that the dominant pathway is GABA *** further investigate the possible function of their accumulation,the system of the production of superoxide anion was employed to explore their possible inhibitory role on the production of free *** results demonstrated that both the osmolytes could inhibit the production of superoxide ***,the scavenging ability of GABA on superoxide anion was significantly higher than that of *** higher content of GABA in tobacco leaves and its ability in eliminating the reactive oxygen species indicated that GABA is a direct and effective osmolyte to reduce the harm of the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS) under water stress.

关键词： γ-amino butyric acid Glutamate Proline Reactive oxygen species water stress Nicotiana tabacum

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Nitric oxide plays a central role in maize root water transport under water stress

Nitric oxide plays a central role in maize root water transp...

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2007中国植物生理学会全国学术会议

作者： Mu Zi-xin LIANG Zong-suo~* (Life Science College of Northwest A&F University,Yangling,shanxi 712100,China)

＜正＞Nitric oxide（NO）has been proposed to enhance plant draught tolerance through inducing stomatal colosure,LEA expression and leaf delayed *** is well known that plant water balance is mediated not only by stomata transpiration but also by roots water uptake,and in some case the latter play a more significant role such as under draught stress conditions in *** about the relation between NO and root water absorption or root hydraulic conductivity（Lpr）is not *** present work we pretreated maize(Zay

关键词： nitric oxide root hydraulic conductivity water stress

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Responses of the seedlings of five dominant tree species in Changbai Mountain to soil water stress

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Journal of Forestry Research 2003年第3期14卷 191-196页

作者：代力民李秋荣王淼姬兰柱中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所沈阳110016 南京军区总医院南京210002

Soil water stress was studied on the potted seedlings of five dominant tree species (Pinus koraienes *** Zucc., Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr., Juglans mandshurica Maxim, Tilia amurensis Rupr. and Quercus mongolica *** Turcz) from the broadleaved/Korean pine forest in Changbai Mountain. Leaf growth, water transpiration and photosynthesis were compared for each species under three soil moisture conditions: 85%-100% (high water, CK), 65%-85% (Medium water, MW) and 45%-65% (low water, LW) of 37.4% water-holding capacity in field. The results showed that the characteristic of typical drought-resistance of the leaves is significantly developed. The net photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency of Fraxinus mandshurica were higher in MW than those in CK. But for the other four species, the net photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency in CK were lower than those in MW and LW. The transpiration rate responding to soil moistures varied from species to species.

关键词： water stress Net photosynthesis Transpiration rate water use efficiency Broadleaf/Korean pine forest

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Cellular signaling of water stress-induced ABA production

Cellular signaling of water stress-induced ABA production

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中国植物生理学会第九次全国会议

作者： Xing Yu and Zhang Jianhua Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong,

＜正＞ ABA, acting not only as a cellular stress signal but also as a long-distance communicated signal, plays critical roles in plant resistance to environmental stress. Revealing the mechanism for stress-induced ABA accumulation is thus key subject in the investigation on plant tolerance to environmental stresses. In the present study, various experiments were carried out with an aim to explore the signaling cascades from water deficit perception to ABA accumulation. Phamarcological experiments showed that, all the signaling cascades or components （such as Ca2+, CaM, Ser/Thr PK etc.）, which generally thought to be most important in plant signaling, were not involved in the singnalling process of water deficit-induced ABA accumulation.

关键词： water stress protein tyrosine phosphatase ABA accumulation cDNA clone

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Expansin and Acidification of Cell Wall Regulate Coleoptile Elongation under water stress in Wheat

Expansin and Acidification of Cell Wall Regulate Coleoptile ...

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中国植物生理学会第十次会员代表大会暨全国学术年会

作者： Meirong Zhao, Feng Li, Ying Fang, Qiang Gao, Wei Wang1* State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, 271018, R.P.China

＜正＞Drought is one of the common environmental stresses that restrain plant growth, especially cell extension. Expansin is one of the cell wall proteins and now generally accepted to be the key regulator of cell wall

关键词： Cell elongation growth Cell wall acidification Expansin water stress Wheat coleoptile

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Effects of water stress on the Mssbauer Spectrum of Fe^(2+) /Fe^(3+) Components in Cucumber PSⅡ Particles

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Acta Botanica Sinica 2000年第5期42卷 467-470页

作者：曾福礼吴劲松张丽静王建波周荣洁张明凤兰州大学生物系兰州730000 兰州大学物理系兰州730000 兰州大学化学系兰州730000

There were four doublets in the Mssbauer spectrum of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) photosystemⅡ (PSⅡ) particles. According to the value of isomer shift and quadrupole splitting, they represented oxidized cytochrome b559 (Cyt_b559), reduced Cyt_b559, Fe 3+ _quinone (Q) complex, and Fe 2+ _Q complex respectively. After water_stress, the electron transport rate between Q A (primary quinone electron acceptor of PSⅡ)/Q B(secondary quinone electron acceptor of PSⅡ) was affected and the absorption doublets of Fe 2+ disappeared, suggesting that the reduced Cyt_b559 and Fe 2+ _Q complex had been oxidized. The results indicated that water_stress had changed the redox status of iron in the iron_quinone complex. Iron took part in electron transport through the change from a state of reduction to oxidation.

关键词： cucumber PSⅡ particles Mssbauer spectrum Fe-quinone complex water stress

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Alterations in Growth and Yield of Camelina Induced by Different Planting Densities under water Deficit stress

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2020年第3期89卷 587-597页

作者： Ejaz Ahmad Waraich Zeeshan Ahmed Zahoor Ahmad Rashid Ahmad Murat Erman Fatih Cig Ayman El Sabagh Department of Agronomy University of AgricultureFaisalabad38040Pakistan Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of SciencesXinjiang830011China Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystem Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesXinjiang848300China Department of Field Crops Faculty of AgricultureCukurova UniversityAdana1380Turkey Department of Field Crops Faculty of AgricultureSiirt UniversitySiirt56100Turkey Agronomy Department Faculty of AgricultureKafr El Sheikh UniversityKafr Elsheikh33511Egypt

Camelina(Camelina sativa L.)is famous for its oil quality and unique fatty acid *** and yield of crops reduced under water deficit *** threat such as drought or water deficit condition is the emerging problem which creates the negative impact on the growth of *** upon the current situation a pot study was performed in rain out-shelter to explore the effect of different plant densities(15,10 and 5 plants per pot)on growth and seed yield of two camelina genotypes under normal(100%WHC)and water deficit(60%WHC)conditions by using completely randomized design with factorial arrangement having three *** indicated that individual effects of plant densities and water deficit stress levels considerably influenced the growth and seed yield of camelina but interaction effects did not indicate any significant *** values of leaf area index(LAI)and crop growth rate(CGR)were recorded in P_(3) treatment(15 plants per pot).However,maximum values of leaf area duration(LAD),net assimilation rate(NAR),yield and yield components were observed in the treatment P_(1)(5 plants per pot).water deficit condition(60%WHC)significantly minimized the growth,seed yield(0.82 g/m^(2))and yield components of camelina *** camelina genotypes(611 and 618)did not differ significantly under water deficit conditions.

关键词： Camelina sativa crop growth rate net assimilation rate planting density water stress

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Effect of mixed-cropping and water-stress on macro-nutrients and biochemical constituents of rhizomatous medicinal plants in Central Himalaya,India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2012年第4期23卷 615-621页

作者： L.S.Kandari K.S.Rao R.K.Maikhuri Kusum Payal School of Natural Resources Management and Environmental Sciences College of Agriculture and Environmental SciencesHaramaya UniversityP.#Box 337Dire DawaEthiopia Department of Botany University of DelhiDelhi-110007India G.B.Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment&Development Srinagar246174UttarakhandIndia.

Plants in the alpine zone mainly depend on the reserved food materials stored in their rhizomes for the next growing season. We investigated the effect of mixed cropping （Phaseolus vulgaris L. var. Pinto） with four rhizomatous medicinal plants, i.e., Angelica glauca, Arnebia benthamii, Rheum emodi and Pleurospermum angelicoides as well as three levels of water stress treatment under two conditions （shade net and open field） on macronutrients （NPK） and biochemicals （carbohydrates and protein）. The experiment was conducted by completely randomized design （CDR）. The data were analyzed with ANOVA as well as CDR. The experimental results show that in all the species shade conditions with sever water stress （SSWS） increased the level of macronutrients （NPK）. However, （N） concentration was highest under shade with mixed cropping （SMIX）. Under SMIX, carbohydrate content was highest than open field control conditions （CONT）. This investigation results demon- strate that mixed cropping of medicinal plants with Phaseolus vulgaris could be a good livelihood option in the mountainous regions of Indian Central Himalaya. And the water-stress conditions along with mixed cropping could improve the biochemical constituents in the rhizome of these species.

关键词： Mixed cropping Medicinal and Aromatic plants Nitrogenfixation Phaseolus vulgaris water stress

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Alterations of Panicle Antioxidant Metabolism and Carbohydrate Content and Pistil water Potential Involved in Spikelet Sterility in Rice under water-Deficit stress

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Rice science 2010年第4期17卷 303-310页

作者： Fu Guan-fu SONG Jian LI Yu-rong YUE Ming-kai XIONG Jie TAO Long-xing State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research Institute Hangzhou 310006 China Agricultural Bureau of Tuanfeng District in Huanggang City of HubeL Huanggang 438813 China

Two rice genotypes with different drought tolerance, namely Jin 23B （drought tolerant） and Zhenshan 97B （drought sensitive）, were used to study the antioxidant enzyme activities, soluble sugar and starch contents in spikelets, pistil water potential and pollen number on a stigma under water-deficit stress at the flowering stage, which were involved in the spikelet sterility. Compared with respective controls, drought stress induced more serious decreases of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, peroxidase （POD） and catalase （CAT） activities and more significant increase of malonaldehyde （MDA） content in spikekets of Zhenshan 97B than in Jin 23B on 9 and 12 days after water stress （DAWS）. The soluble sugar and starch contents increased significantly in spikelets of Jin 23B, but decreased significantly in spikelets of Zhenshan 97B during 9-12 DAWS. The pistil maintained higher water potential in Jin 23B than in Zhenshan 97B during 3-6 DAWS and 9-12 DAWS. In addition, water stress induced more significant decrease in the pollen number on a stigma as well as the percentage of unfilled grains in Zhenshan 97B than in Jin 23B. Thus, it is suggested that water stress induced spikelet sterility by damaging antioxidant enzyme activities, reducing carbohydrate content in spikelets and decreasing pistil water potential at the flowering stage in rice.

关键词： antioxidant enzyme carbohydrate content flowering stage pistil water potential rice water stress spikelet sterility

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Effects of water stress on Stay Green of Sugarcane Innovative Materials Yunge F_2 Generation

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2016年第11期17卷 2462-2468页

作者：经艳芬俞华先桃联安周清明董立华郎荣斌边芯孙有芳安汝东朱建荣冯蔚云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所瑞丽甘蔗育种站云南瑞丽678600

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effect of water stress on stay green of Yunge F2 generation. [Method] Total 26 sugarcane innovative germplasm materials of Yunge F2 generation, along with their female parent, were selected as the experimental materials. Based on the observation on appearance of stray green and other five physiological and biochemical indexes, the drought resis- tance of the experimental materials was evaluated comprehensively by subordinate function method, grey relational analysis, and cluster analysis. [Result] The rank of drought resistance of the experimental materials was not exactly the same between subordinate function method and grey relational analysis. However, the drought .re- sistance evaluation results by isometric range-based cluster analysis were consistent with those by the two foregoing methods except Yunge F2 11-68 and Yunge F1 11- 254. At the Euclidean distance of 2.00, the tested materials were classified into four groups. The first group included 8 drought-strongly resistant materials, the third group included 6 drought-moderately resistant materials, the fourth group included 3 drought-poorly resistant materials, and the second group included drought-strongly resistant and drought-moderately resistant materials. The drought resistance coeffi- cients of green leaf numberLtotal leaf number and top four leaves chlorophyll content showed significantly positive correlation with drought resistance comprehensive eval- uation value, thus green leaf number/total leaf number and top four leaves chloro- phyll content could be used as the evaluation indexes of drought resistance in sug- arcane. [Conclusion] The excellent materials possess strong drought resistance and good green holding performance, such as Yunge F2 11-159, can be used as crucial parents and basic germplasm materials in drought resistance breeding of sugarcane. 7

关键词： water stress Sugarcane Innovative germplasm Stay green

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