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Evaluation and Bulked Segregant Analysis of Major Yield QTL qtl12.1 Introgressed into Indigenous Elite Line for Low water Availability under water stress

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Rice science 2013年第1期20卷 25-30页

作者： N.Manikanda BOOPATHI Gat SWAPNASHRI P.KAVITHA S.SATHISH R.NITHYA Wickneswari RATNAM Arvind KUMAR Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics CPMB&BTamil Nadu Agricultural UniversityCoimbatore-3India Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Bangi SelangorMalaysia Division of Plant Breeding Genetics and BiotechnologyInternational Rice Research InstituteMetro ManilaPhilippines

Near isogenic lines carrying large-effect QTL （qtl2.1）, which has a consistent influence on grain yield under upland drought stress conditions in a wide range of environments, were evaluated under water stress in the fields. The line which gave higher yield under drought was crossed with a local elite line, PMK3, and forwarded to F2：3 generation. Significant variation was found among the F2：3 lines for agronomic traits under water stress in the fields. Low to high broad sense heritability （H） for investigated traits was also found. water stress indicators such as leaf rolling and leaf drying were negatively correlated with plant height, biomass and grain yield under stress. Bulked segregant analysis （BSA） was performed with the markers in the vicinity of qUl2.1, and RM27933 was found to be segregated perfectly well in individual components of drought resistant and drought susceptible bulks which were bulked based on yield under water stress among F2：3 lines. Hence, this simple and breeder friendly marker, RM27933, may be useful as a potentially valuable candidate marker for the transfer of the QTL qtl12.1 in the regional breeding program. Bioinformatic analysis of the DNA sequence of the qtl12.1 region was also done to identify and analyze positional candidate genes associated with this QTL and to ascertain the putative molecular basis of qUl2.1.

关键词： rice bulked segregant analysis water stress quantitative trait locus marker-assisted selection

The Stimulating Effects of Rewatering on Leaf Area of Winter Wheat Suffering water stress

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2002年第2期1卷 177-183页

作者： LIU Xiao-ying, LUO Yuan-pei and SHI Yuan-chun( Institute of Resources and Environments , China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094 Institute of Agrometeorology, CAAS , Beijing 100081) Institute of Resources and Environments China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 Institute ofAgrometeorology CAAS Beijing 100081

After water stress at various levels and durations at different growth stages, rewatering could greatly stimulate the leaf area development of winter wheat. The results showed that the stimulation effect changed with water stress time, degree and duration. Rewatering under earlier stress had greater stimulation effect on leaf area than that under later stress. Higher stimulation effect was observed under severe water stress than that under moderate stress. Longer duration of stress resulted in low stimulation effect. In spite of the greater stimulation effect under severe and longer stress, the final leaf area in these situations was lower than that under moderate stress and shorter duration. Whenever the stress occurred, the stimulating effect was due to the increase of the leaf area of the tillers. Once the leaf on the main stem emerged during stress period, rewatering had no effect on its size, and consequently its leaf area. The stimulation of rewateirng on leaf area contributed to the final grain yield by 45% under moderate stress, and 67% under severe stress. Although the stimulation partly compensated for the loss during stress, the final leaf area and the grain yield could not reach the level without water stress.

关键词： water stress Rewatering Winter wheat Stimulation Leaf area Yield

Response of cucumber plants to increased UV-B radiation under water stress

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2000年第2期12卷 111-115页

作者： YANG Zhi\|min\+1, ZHENG Shao\|jian\+2, HU Ai\|tong\+1, ZHENG You\|fei\+3, YAN Jing\|yi\+3 (1. College of Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China 2. College of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural

Three days old cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) was grown in a factorial design under two levels of water condition (well watered and drought) and two supplemental levels of ultraviolet\|B(280—320 nm) irradiance(0, 0\^24, 0\^42 W/m\+2) for 30 days. Plants were grown in a greenhouse under visible light with 400 μmol/(m\+2.s), day\|night temperature 32/20℃ and relative humidity 70±10%. The combination of UV\|B radiation and water stress resulted in the decrease in plant height, leaf area ratio and relative growth rate, and increase in specific leaf mass and net assimilation rate. There was almost no effect of ultraviolet\|B radiation on the contents of chlorophyll a and b under water stress. However, interactive effects of ultraviolet\|B radiation and water conditions on the content of anthocyanin were much great. UV\|B irradiance with water stress also caused a reduction in net photosynthesis, apparent quantum efficiency, gas exchange and stomatal resistance, and an increase in evaporation.

关键词： cucumber UV\|B water stress interaction. CLC number: S181 Document code: A

Effects of Application of Nitrogen, Potassium and Glycinebetaine on Alleviation of water stress to Summer Maize

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2005年第10期4卷 767-773页

作者： ZHANG Li-xin LI Sheng-xiu College of Resource and Environment Northwest A ＆ F University Yangling 712100 P.R. China

A pot experiment was conducted under water deficit and adequate water-supplied conditions with two maize genetypic varieties （Shaandan 9 and Shaandan 911） to study the effects of nitrogen, potassium and glycinebetaine （GlyBet） on the dry matter and grain yields as well as water use efficiency （WUE）. Determinations were made at different stages of the two varieties for revealing the function of these factors in increasing plant resistance to drought. Results showed that under a water-stressed condition, dry matter and grain yield were significantly reduced. However, the response of the two varieties to water stress was different： Shaandan 9 was significantly higher in dry matter and grain yields, and therefore could be regarded as a drought-resistant variety compared to Shaandan *** of nitrogen, potassium and glycinebetaine raised dry matter and grain yield to different levels, and thereby alleviated the water stress and increased water use efficiency. These effects were higher for Shaandan 911 than for Shaandan 9. Under water-stressed conditions application of N fertilizer, either at low rate or at high rate, significantly increased dry matter, grain yield and water use efficiency. A significant different effect was found for Shaandan 911 between N rates, but not so for Shaandan 9. However, with supplemental water supply, effects of N fertilization were obviously decreased, showing that in addition to supplying nutrient, N fertilizer has a function in increasing drought-resistance of the crop. Potassium and glycinebetaine exhibited a remarkable function in increasing dry matter and grain yields as well as water use efficiency under water stress while such effects were obviously declined, even vanished, with supplemental water supply, indicating the important contribution of these factors in rise of drought-resistance ability of a crop.

关键词： Nitrogen Potassium Glycinebetaine (GlyBet) Summer maize water stress

Relationship Between Changes of Endogenous Hormone in Sweet Potato Under water stress and Variety Drought-resistance

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2002年第6期1卷 626-630页

作者： ZHANG Ming-sheng, XIE Bo and TAN Feng( Agricultural College, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025 , P. R . China The College of Life Sciences , Southwest Normal University , Chongqing 400715 , P. R . China ) Agricultural College Guizhou University Cuiyang 550025 P. R. China The College of Life Sciences Southwest Normal University Chongqing 400715 P. R . China

The IAA, GA3, iPA, ZR and ABA contents in sweet potato leaves under drought conditions were determined by the method of ELISA, and the relationship between these endogenous hormones and drought resistance of different sweet potato varieties were studied. The results showed the IAA, GA3, iPA and ZR contents in sweet potato leaves decreased, but ABA contents increased obviously. The stronger the drought resistance of the variety was, the more IAA, GA3, iPA and ZR contents decreased and the less ABA contents increased. Their relative contents correlated significantly negatively(r were -0.9070, -0.9493, -0.9509, -0.8674 and -0.9117 respectively)to drought-resistability.

关键词： Sweet potato water stress Endogenous hormone Drought resistance

water stress Effect on Biochemical Processes of Aus Rice Genotypes

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2022年第6期13卷 912-927页

作者： Halima Sayeed Jasmine Kamal Uddin Ahamed Jiban Krishna Biswas Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural Research System (SAURES) Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University (SAU) Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Agricultural Botany Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University (SAU) Dhaka Bangladesh Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) Gazipur Bangladesh

An experiment was carried out at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from March to July 2014. Plants were grown in the rain-protected polyethylene shelter or shed to avoid rain under natural conditions. The experiment was conducted on biochemical characters of aus rice varieties in various soil moisture levels in three rice genotypes as BRRI dhan55 (V1), BR6976-2B-15 (V2), and tolerant check Hashikalmi (V3), and seven water stress were imposed as treatments. Treatments were 0 days of water stress (control) irrigated continuously throughout the experimental period (T0). From twenty days onwards water stress was imposed for seven days when the age of the seedling was 20 days (T1), 35 days (T2), 55 days (T3), 75 days (T4), 95 days (T5), and 115 days (T6). Our findings suggest that the proline, starch, and sugar content were also found comparatively higher in BRRI dhan55 and Hashikalmi among the genotypes under water stress conditions. Under water stress conditions, proline was accumulated, sugar, and starch were decreased. The soluble sugar content was much lower under water stress conditions due to lower RWC, chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, and higher leaf rolling. Leaf accumulates anthocyanins under drought conditions and the red color increased as the intensity of water stress increased.

关键词： water stress Genotypes Proline Starch and Sugar

water stress Early Detection of Eggplant Plants by Hyperspectral Fluorescence Spectroscopy

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2023年第3期13卷 343-354页

作者： Amara Kamate Penetjiligué Adama Soro Emma Georgina Zoro-Diama Kedro Sidiki Diomande Adjo Viviane Adohi-Krou Laboratoire des Sciences de la Matière de l’Environnement et de l’Energie Solaire (LASMES) Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny Abidjan Côte d’Ivoire Centre National de Recherche Agronomique (CNRA) Adiopodoumé Côte d’Ivoire

water stress early detection is essential for precision farming to improve crop productivity and product quality. The methods usually used are destructive, long and expensive. In this work, we used hyperspectral chlorophyll fluorescence technology as a rapid, non-destructive approach to detect the water deficiency of eggplant plants using their spectral footprint. So, an experiment was made on 54 eggplant plants subjected to three water treatments: normal irrigation (T100), intermediate irrigation (T50) and no irrigation (T0). The fluorescence spectra were acquired in vivo and in situ using a USB4000 spectrometer from Ocean optics. For the classification of the plants subjected to three water treatments, we used three pretreatments of the raw hyperspectral data in order to suppress the non-informative variability present in these spectra and to obtain robust models. These are the Savitzky-Golay smoothing (SG), the standard normal variable (SNV) and the first derivative of Savitzky-Golay (SG-D1). The preprocessed data were then subjected to two partial least squares discriminant analyses (PLS-DA): Hard PLS-DA and Soft PLS-DA. These statistical approaches are suitable for large samples as it reduces the dimensionality of the data but improves the accuracy of the prediction. The SG-D1 combined with the Soft PLS-DA gave the best discrimination of plants with scores of sensitivity, specificity and total efficiency respectively of 97.33%, 94% and 95% for calibration, 6 days after hydric stress induction. For the plants used for the prediction, the scores are 86%, 91% and 90% respectively. This study shows that hyperspectral chlorophyll fluorescence spectroscopy is a fast and non-destructive technology allowing early detection of water stress in eggplant plants.

关键词： Chlorophyll Fluorescence Eggplant water stress water Deficiency PLS-DA

Relationship Between Soluble Protein,Chlorophyll and ATP in Drought-Resistant Sweet Potato Under water stress

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2002年第12期1卷 1329-1333页

作者： ZHANG Ming-sheng, XIE Bo, TAN Feng and ZHANG Qi-tang(Agricultural College , Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025 , P. R. China The College of Life Science , Southwest China Normal University, Chongqing 400715 , P.R.China) Agricultural College Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 P.R.China The College of Life Science Southwest China Normal University Chongqing 400715 P.R.China

Some indices concerning the metabolism of substance and energy in sweet potato leaves under water stress were studied. The results showed an obvious increase in soluble protein content. Compared with control, Chl a, Chl b, total Chl contents and the ratio of Chl a to Chl b all decreased to some extent. ATP content increased in some varieties and decreased in others, but the stronger the drought resistance of the variety , the higher the ATP content. The correlation coefficient(r)of the soluble protein content, ratio of Chl a to Chl b and ATP content as a percentage of the drought-resistant sweet potato control variety are 0. 8968, - 0. 8509 and 0. 8200, respectively, P<0. 01. So these indices can be used to evaluate the drought resistance of different sweet potato varieties.

关键词： Sweet potato water stress Soluble protein Chlorophyll ATP Drought resistance

Signal Transduction from water stress Perception to ABA Accumulation

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Acta Botanica Sinica 2002年第10期44卷 1135-1141页

作者：贾文锁邢宇卢从明张建华中国农业大学园艺系北京100094 中国科学院植物研究所光合作用研究中心北京100093 香港浸会大学生物系

To cope with unpredictably environmental perturbations and sometimes stresses, plants have evolved with some mechanisms so that these developing stresses can be sensitively perceived and the physiology can be rapidly regulated. Such perception and regulation can be a kind of feed_forward mechanism and may involve many biochemical and physiological processes and/or the expression of many genes. Although many dehydration_responsive genes have been identified, much fewer of their functions have been known. Such stress_ induced responses should include the initial perception of the dehydration signal, then the complicated signal transduction and cellular transmission until to the final gene activation or expression. As an important plant stress hormone abscisic acid (ABA) mediates many such responses. We believe that starting from the initial perception of dehydration to the gene expression leading to the stress_induced ABA biosynthesis is the most important stress signal transduction pathway among all the plant responses to stresses. Identification of the genes involved and understanding their roles during stress perception and physiological regulation shall be the most important and interesting research field in the coming years.

关键词： water stress perception transduction abscisic acid (ABA)