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Quantifying water stress effect on daily light use efficiency in Mediterranean ecosystems using satellite data

International Journal of Digital Earth 2017年第6期10卷 623-638页

作者： Sergio Sanchez-Ruiz Alvaro Moreno Maria Piles Fabio Maselli Arnaud Carrara Steven Running Maria Amparo Gilabert Departament de Fisica de la Terra i Termodinamica Facultat de FisicaUniversitat de ValenciaBurjassotSpain Numerical Terradynamic Simulation Group University of MontanaMissoulaMTUSA Barcelona Expert Center Institut de Ciencies del MarICM-CSICBarcelonaSpain IBIMET-CNR Sesto FiorentinoItaly Fundacion CEAM PaternaSpain

The capacity of six water stress factors(ε′(i))to track daily light use efficiency(ε)of water-limited ecosystems was *** factors are computed with remote sensing operational products and a limited amount of ground data:ε′1 uses ground precipitation and air temperature,and satellite incoming global solar radiation;ε′(2) uses ground air temperature,and satellite actual evapotranspiration and incoming global solar radiation;ε′_(3) uses satellite actual and potential evapotranspiration;ε′_(4) uses satellite soil moisture;ε′_(5) uses satellite-derived photochemical reflectance index;and ε′_(6) uses ground vapor pressure *** factors were implemented in a production efficiency model based on Monteith’s approach in order to assess their performance for modeling gross primary production(GPP).Estimated GPP was compared to reference GPP from eddy covariance(EC)measurements(GPP EC)in three sites placed in the Iberian Peninsula(two open shrublands and one savanna).ε′_(i) were correlated to ε,which was calculated by dividing GPP EC by ground measured photosynthetically active radiation(PAR)and satellite-derived fraction of absorbed *** results were achieved by ε′(1),ε′(2),ε′(3) and ε′(4) explaining around 40% and 50% of ε variance in open shurblands and savanna,*** terms of GPP,R^(2)≈0.70 were obtained in these cases.

关键词： Light use efficiency water stress GPP Monteith Mediterranean ecosystems

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Effects of water stress on quality and sugar metabolism in'Gala'apple fruit

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2023年第1期9卷 60-72页

作者： Hongxia Tao Hanqing Sun Yufei Wang Xin Wang Yanping Guo College of Horticulture Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China

Sugar plays an important role in apple fruit development,appearance and quality as well as contributing to a plant’s water stress *** and the trehalose biosynthetic metabolic pathways are part of the sugar signaling system in plants,which are important regulator of water stress response in *** effect of water stress treatments applied to apple trees and the corresponding effects of ABA on developmental fruit quality were examined for indicators of fruit quality during fruit *** results indicated that the severe water stress treatment(W2)occurring after the last stage of fruit cell division caused a decrease in the color and size of *** moderate water stress(W1)occurring after the last stage of fruit cell enlargement(S2)caused an increase in the content of fructose and sorbitol while the apple fruit shape was not *** changes in sugar are related to the activity of sugar metabolic *** the enzymatic activity of vacuolar acid invertase(vAINV)was higher,that of sucrose-phosphate synthase(SPS)was lower in water stress treated fruit throughout the developmental *** indicates that enhanced sucrose degradation and reduced sucrose synthesis leads to an overall reduced sucrose content during times of ***,water stress reduced sucrose *** the content of endogenous trehalose and ABA were the highest in water stress treated fruit.A moderate water stress(W1)imposed on apple trees via water restriction(60%–65%of field capacity)after the fruit cell enlargement phase of fruit development yielded sweeter fruit of higher economic value.

关键词： Apple water stress Quality Sugar metabolism Trehalose ABA

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Involvement of Protein Phosphorylation in water stress-induced Antioxidant Defense in Maize Leaves

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2009年第7期51卷 654-662页

作者： Shucheng Xu Haidong Ding Fengxia Su Aying Zhang Mingyi Jiang College of Life Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China College of Life Sciences Fuyang Teachers College Fuyang 236032 China National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China

Using pharmacological and biochemical approaches, the role of protein phosphorylation and the interrelationship between water stress-enhanced kinase activity, antioxidant enzyme activity, hydrogen peroxide （H202） accumulation and endogenous abscisic acid in maize （Zea mays L.） leaves were investigated. water-stress upregulated the activities of total protein phosphorylation and Ca^2＋-dependent protein kinase, and the upregulation was blocked in abscisic aciddeficient vp5 mutant. Furthermore, pretreatments with a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase inhibitor and a scavenger of H2O2 significantly reduced the increased activities of total protein kinase and Ca^2＋-dependent protein kinase in maize leaves exposed to water stress. Pretreatments with different protein kinase inhibitors also reduced the water stress-induced H2O2 production and the water stress-enhanced activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase. The data suggest that protein phosphorylation and H2O2 generation are required for water stress-induced antioxidant defense in maize leaves and that crosstalk between protein phosphorylation and H2O2 generation may occur.

关键词： abscisic acid antioxidant defense hydrogen peroxide protein phosphorylation water stress

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Osmoregulators in Hymenaea courbaril and Hymenaea stigonocarpa under water stress and rehydration

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第6期29卷 1475-1479页

作者： Luma Castro de Souza Luana Moraes da Luz Je′ssica Taynara da Silva Martins Candido Ferreira de Oliveira Neto Juscelino Goncalves Palheta Tamires Borges de Oliveira Ediane Conceicao Alves Risely Ferraz de Almeida Raimundo Leonardo Lima de Oliveira Roberto Cezar Lobo da Costa Nariane Quaresma Vilhena Universidade estadual paulista ju′lio de mesquita filho JaboticabalSP 14884-900Brazil Universidade Federal Rural da Amazonia(UFRA) Campus CapanemaCapanema 68700-030Brazil Universidade Federal Rural da Amazonia Campus BelemBelem 66077-830Brazil Universidade Federal de Vicosa(UFV) Vicosa 36570-900Brazil Universidade Estadual Paulista Ju′lio de Mesquita Fiho(UNESP) Jaboticabal 14884-900Brazil Universidade do Estado do Para′(UEPA) Bele′m 66113-200Brazil

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different water deficiency and rehydration levels on the concentrations of osmoregulators in two plant species（Hymenaea courbaril and H. Stigonocarpa） in the Amazon. We adopted a 2×5×5 factorial system,referring to 2 species（H. courbaril and H. stigonocarpa）and 5 stages of hydration and rehydration. The five hydration and rehydration stages were established in:（1）Control treatment E0;（2） Plants with 13 days of stress after incubation—E13;（3） Plants with 26 days of stress E26;（4）The plants that were established after 26 days after incubation and rehydrated for two days（RD2）;（5） rehydrated for two days（RD4）. The plants that were established after 26 days after incubation and rehydrated for four days. The experiment totaled fifty young plants with five *** measurements were performed at the beginning of the experiment（E0） at 13（E13） and 26（E26） days after the water stress, in which the plants were rehydrated,repeating the analyses after two（RD2） and four（RD4）days. Both species increased the sucrose concentration by18%, with a decrease of 52% in starch content. The RD4 time presented the highest mean starch concentration(0.19 mmol g-1 of the residue for H. courbaril and0.27 mmol g;of residue for H. stigonocarpa). Increased proline concentrations were recorded for controls until RD2 for both species. For glycine betaine, the highest increases in treatments E26 and RD2 were observed for the H. courbaril species. Our rehydration period was not sufficient for total recovery of pre-stress concentrations of all studied solutes.

关键词： Amazonia water stress Osmotic adjustment Proline Sucrose

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Nitric Oxide Reduces Hydrogen Peroxide Accumulation Involved in water stress-induced Subcellular Anti-oxidant Defense in Maize Plants

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第2期50卷 231-243页

作者： Jianrong Sang Mingyi Jiang Fan Lin Shucheng Xu Aying Zhang Mingpu Tan College of Life Sciences Nanjing Agncultural University Nanjing 210095 China

Nitric oxide （NO） is a bioactive molecule involved in many biological events, and has been reported as pro-oxidant as well as anti-oxidant in plants. In the present study, the sources of NO production under water stress, the role of NO in water stress-induced hydrogen peroxide （H2O2） accumulation and subcellular activities of anti-oxidant enzymes in leaves of maize （Zea mays L.） plants were investigated. water stress induced defense increases in the generation of NO in maize mesphyll cells and the activity of nitric oxide synthase （NOS） in the cytosolic and microsomal fractions of maize leaves. water stress-induced defense increases in the production of NO were blocked by pretreatments with inhibitors of NOS and nitrate reductase （NR）, suggesting that NO is produced from NOS and NR in leaves of maize plants exposed to water stress. water stress also induced increases in the activities of the chloroplastic and cytosolic anti-oxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase （SOD）, ascorbate peroxidase （APX）, and glutathione reductase （GR）, and the increases in the activities of anti-oxidant enzymes were reduced by pretreatments with inhibitors of NOS and NR. Exogenous NO increases the activities of water stress-induced subcellular anti-oxidant enzymes, which decreases accumulation of H2O2. Our results suggest that NOS and NR are involved in water stress-induced NO production and NOS is the major source of NO. The potential ability of NO to scavenge H2O2 is, at least in part, due to the induction of a subcellular anti-oxidant defense.

关键词： anti-oxidant defense hydrogen peroxide nitric oxide water stress Zea mays.

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Influence of Diazotrophic Bacteria on Antioxidant Enzymes and Some Biochemical Characteristics of Soybean Subjected to water stress

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第11期11卷 1828-1835页

作者： Hamed Zakikhani Mohammad RezaArdakani Farhad Rejali Majid Gholamhoseini Aydin Khodaei Joghan Aria Dolatabadian Division of Sustainable Agriculture Agricultural Research CenterIslamic Azad University Karaj Branch Soil and water Research Institute Agronomy Department Faculty of AgricultureTarbiat Modares University

Drought stress is an abiotic stress that imposes serious constraints on plants. The present investigation was carried out to determine the inter-relationship between some physiological attributes of soybeans affected by drought stress and pure isolates ofAzotobacter andAzospirillum. Drought stress and bacterial application increased catalase and glutathione peroxidase activity, whereas drought stress increased superoxide dismutase activity during the pod-filling stage. Abscisic acid and proline levels increased due to drought stress and bacterial application during the flowering stage, whereas total plant nitrogen was enhanced under well-watered conditions when plants were inoculated with bacteria. The close relationship between enzyme activity and drought stress with bacteria indicated that antioxidant enzymes play an important role in alleviating the detrimental effects of water stress. In addition, the enhancement of abscisic acid and proline could be positively linked with drought stress, and drought-induced abscisic acid could induce proline accumulation and the expression of antioxidant enzyme genes.

关键词： abscisic acid Azospirillum Azotobacter proline soybean water stress

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Beneficial effects of silicon on photosynthesis of tomato seedlings under water stress

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第10期17卷 2151-2159页

作者： ZHANG Yi SHI Yu GONG Hai-jun ZHAO Hai-liang LI Huan-li HU Yan-hong WANG Yi-chao College of Horticulture Shanxi Agricultural University College of Horticulture Northwest A&F University

Silicon can improve drought tolerance of plants,but the mechanism still remains *** studies have mainly concentrated on silicon-accumulating plants,whereas less work has been conducted in silicon-excluding plants,such as tomato（Solanum lycopersicum L.）.In this study,we investigated the effects of exogenous silicon（2.5 mmol L^（-1））on the chlorophyll fluorescence and expression of photosynthesis-related genes in tomato seedlings（Zhongza 9）under water stress induced by 10%（w/v）polyethylene glycol（PEG-6000）.The results showed that under water stress,the growth of shoot and root was inhibited,and the chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations were decreased,while silicon addition improved the plant growth and increased the concentrations of chlorophyll and *** water sterss,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters such as PSII maximum photochemical efficiency（F_v/F_m）,effective quantum efficiency,actual photochemical quantum efficiency（Ф_（PSII））,photosynthetic electron transport rate（ETR）,and photochemical quenching coefficient（q_P）were decreased;while these changes were reversed in the presence of added *** expressions of some photosynthesis-related genes including PetE,PetF,PsbP,PsbQ,PsbW,and Psb28 were down-regulated under water stress,and exogenous Si could partially up-regulate their *** results suggest that silicon plays a role in the alleviation of water stress by modulating some photosynthesis-related genes and regulating the photochemical process,and thus promoting photosynthesis.

关键词： tomato water stress silicon photosynthesis

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Stomatal conductivity, canopy temperature and evapotranspiration of maize (Zea mays L.) to water stress in Northeast China

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2021年第2期14卷 112-119页

作者： Haijun Liu Zhuangzhuang Gao Liwei Zhang Yu Liu Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology College of Water SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China School of Civil Engineering and Hydraulic Engineering Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China

The Northeast China Plain(NECP)is one of the main maize(Zea mays L.)production regions in China but is now subject to drought because of climate change and a rain-fed cultivation system.A two-year experiment was conducted in a typical maize cultivation region in the NECP to investigate the responses of plant physiological factors and evapotranspiration(ET)to water stresses at different growth *** show that the responses of plant physiological factors to water stress can be divided into three levels based on soil water content(SWC)in the main root zone:when SWC was greater than 0.22 cm^(3)/cm^(3)(equivalent to 62%field capacity(FC)),stomatal conductivity(gs)and ET reached their highest values,and the canopy temperature(Tc)was close to the air temperature;when SWC was within 0.15-0.22 cm^(3)/cm^(3)(43%-62%FC),the gs and ET decreased,and Tc increased as SWC decreased;and when SWC was lower than 0.15 cm^(3)/cm^(3)(water content,and especially linearly related to crop water stress index(CWSI),and can be used as an alternative to CWSI for evaluating maize water stress because of easily data achieving and simple calculation *** a conclusion,RT of 1.2 can be used as an index to identify a severe water stress status,and maintaining SWC greater than 60%FC at the heading and grain-filling stages is important for supporting maize normal ET and growth in the study region.

关键词： water stress drought indices canopy temperature crop evapotranspiration stoma conductivity maize soil water

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Effects of Piriformospora indica on the Respiration of Taxus chinensis *** under water stress

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2021年第6期90卷 1661-1672页

作者： Longsheng Hu Xinru He Pujie Wei Bing Sun Yongjun Fei Die Hu College of Horticulture and Gardening Yangtze UniversityJingzhou434025China

Seedlings of Taxus chinensis *** were used as experimental materials to study the adaptation of Piriformospora indica to this plant under water *** materials were divided into two groups,namely,with or without inoculation with *** group was subjected to four different levels of water *** and physiological and biochemical indexes of the roots of *** *** were regularly *** water stress,*** *** had significantly decreased root vitality;root vitality was higher in inoculated roots than in uninoculated *** intense water stress,the inoculated roots had a higher soluble sugar content than the uninoculated *** water stress,*** *** experienced decreased activity of aerobic respiratory metabolic *** activity of anaerobic respiratory metabolic enzymes and alcohol dehydrogenase initially increased and then decreased,whereas that of lactate dehydrogenase *** inoculated roots had a higher activity of respiratory metabolic enzymes than the uninoculated *** water stress was further intensified,the roots had significantly decreased activity of aerobic respiratory metabolic enzymes and significantly increased activity of anaerobic respiratory metabolic *** activity of respiratory metabolic enzymes decreased faster in the uninoculated roots than in the inoculated *** study demonstrated that Piriformospora indica plays a positive role in enhancing the antihypoxic ability of *** ***,thereby alleviating plant damage due to water stress.

关键词： Taxus chinensis var.mairei Piriformospora indica water stress respiration

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Effects of water stress at different growth stages on comprehensive fruit quality and yield in different bunches of tomatoes in greenhouses

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2019年第3期12卷 67-76页

作者： Shuxue Hao Hongxia Cao Hubing Wang Xiaoyan Pan Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas Ministry of EducationNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of tomato quality and yield between different bunches and the differences between the two comprehensive evaluation methods on tomato quality ranking under water *** degrees of water stress including mild water stress(W1)and moderate water stress(W2),and three growth stages that water stress applied including seedling stage(S1),flowering stage(S2)and fruit expanding stage(S3)were tested in this *** yield and quality of different bunches of tomatoes under water stress during different growth stages were determined as responses,and the comprehensive fruit quality ranking and yield of the second and third bunches were *** results showed that water stress was important for the improvement of fruit quality,but fruit yield decreased during water *** yield of the third tomato bunch decreased from 11.69%(W1S1)to 30.60%(W2S2)compared to control(97.57 t/hm^(2)),and the effects of mild water stress on fruit yield were minimal at the early growth ***,the fruit quality in terms of soluble sugar(SS),total soluble solids(TSS),vitamin C(VC),and firmness(F)improved under water stress compared to *** combined effects of water stress and its application period significantly affected SS and *** stress significantly improved the content of SS and TSS in the later growth period compared to seedling and flowering ***,there was a significant difference in tomato quality between the second and third bunches of fruit,especially in the content of SS,organic acid(OA)and lycopene(L).Principal Component Analysis(PCA)and Grey Relational Analysis(GRA)were used to evaluate comprehensive fruit quality,and the best treatment in terms of the fruit quality was W1S3 for both *** rank-sum ratio(RSR)method was used to evaluate fruit quality and yield,the results showed that W1S3 ranked first based on PCA and W1S1 ranked first based on *** stress enhanced tomato quality but i

关键词： water stress growth stages tomato comprehensive fruit quality yield greenhouse

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