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Adaptive responses of Acer ginnala, Pyrus ussuriensis and Prunus davidiana seedlings to soil moisture stress

Journal of Forestry Research 2003年第4期14卷 280-284页

作者：王庆成孙志虎张彦东东北林业大学林学院哈尔滨150040

One-year-old seedlings of Amur maple (Acer ginnala Maxim), Ussurian pear (Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim) and David peach (Prunus davidiana Carr) were planted in pots in greenhouse and treated with four different soil moisture contents (75.0%, 61.1%, 46.4% and 35.4%). The results showed that net photosynthesis rate (NPR), transpiration rate (TR) and stomatal conductance (Sc) of seedlings of the three species decreased with the decease of soil moisture content, and Amur maple seedlings had the greatest change in those physiological indices, followed by Ussurian pear, David peach. Amur maple and Ussurian pear seedlings also presented a decrease tendency in water use efficiency (WUE) under lower soil moisture content, whereas this was reversed for David peach. Under water stress the biomass allocation to seedling root had a significant increase for all the experimental species. As to root/shoot ratio, Amur maple seedlings had the biggest increase, while David peach had the smallest increase. The leaf plasticity of Amur maple seedlings was greater, the leaf size and total leaf area decreased significantly as the stress was intensified. No significant change of leaf size and total leaf area was found in seedlings of Ussurian pear and David peach. It was concluded that Amur maple was more tolerant to soil moisture stress in comparison with David peach and Ussurian pear.

关键词： Moisture stress Net photosynthesis rate water use efficiency Biomass allocation Acer ginnala Prunus davidiana Pyrus ussuriensis.

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Stable Isotope Technique——An Advanced Technology in Ascertaining Plant-water Relations

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2014年第3期15卷 338-343,351页

作者：邢丹杨万荣蓬桂华苏丹廖芳芳韩世玉贵州省蚕业(辣椒)研究所贵州贵阳550006 贵州大学林学院贵州贵阳550025

Some key terms and relevant standard related with stable isotope tech- nique were introduced, and the determination of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the three stable isotopes in water, as well as their isotope effect was discussed. Appli- cations and advances of stable isotopes were stated mainly from plant water source, water use efficiency, the most active water adsorption region in root system and water resources utilization differences among different species in plant communi- ty. In addition, some existing problems in investigating the plant-water relations by using stable isotope technique were put forward. In this study, we aimed to promote the sustainable development of stable isotope technique in the research of plant water utilization and in the field of ecology in China.

关键词： Stable isotope Plant water source water use efficiency

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Comparison of Gas Exchange Characteristic in Leaves of Soybean Varieties with Different Yield Levels

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2010年第8期11卷 98-101页

作者：耿艳秋张治安李大勇赵洪祥郑洪兵吉林农业大学农学院长春130118 吉林省农业科学院长春130124

[Objective] The aim was to explore the gases exchange characteristic in leaves of soybean cultivars at different yield levels to provide a certain theories basis for high yield breeding and cultivation of soybean cultivars. [Method] Nine soybean cultivars divided into three yield levels were planted under the same environmental condition. At V4（seedling）,R2（blooming）,R4（pod-bearing）,R6（pod-filling） and R7（maturing） growth stages,the net photosynthetic rate （Pn）,stomatal conductance （Gs） and transpiration rate （Tr） in soybean leaves were measured with Li-6400 portable photosynthesis system. [Result] At all growth stages,the net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance in leaves of high yield soybean cultivars were significantly higher than low yield soybean cultivars. At V4,R2 and R4 stages,transpiration rate in leaves of high yield soybean cultivars was significantly higher than low yield soybean cultivars; there was no significant difference on transpiration rate in leaves of soybean cultivars at different yield levels at R6 and R7 stage. At V4 and R2 stage,water use efficiency （WUE） in leaves of soybean cultivars at different yield showed a trend of low yield cultivarsmiddle yield cultivarshigh yield cultivars,while it appeared high yield cultivarsmiddle yield cultivarslow yield cultivars at R4,R6 and R7 stage. [Conclusion] The gases exchange capacity in leaves of high yield soybean cultivars was significantly higher than low yield soybean cultivars,which had provided physiological basis of high yield. The net photosynthetic rate could be used as an selection index of high yield soybean.

关键词： Soybean Net photosynthetic rate Stomatal conductance Transpiration rate water use efficiency

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Response of tomato growth to continuous elevated CO_(2)concentration 2 under controlled environment

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2022年第6期15卷 51-59页

作者： Muhammad Akhlaq Chuan Zhang Haofang Yan Mingxiong Ou Wencheng Zhang Shaowei Liang Rana Muhammad Adnan Ikram School of Agricultural Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013JiangsuChina Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology PMAS-Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindi 46300Pakistan Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013JiangsuChina State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Nanjing Hydraulic Research InstituteNanjing 210029China College of Economics and Statistics Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

CO_(2)fumigation has been extensively used in greenhouses cultivation to enhance crop *** effects under the precise level of elevated CO_(2)(e[CO_(2)])on crop morphology,yield,and fruit quality remain largely elusive *** explore the response of plant growth to the continuous RCPs(Representative Concentration Pathways)projected CO_(2)concentration[CO_(2)],tomato(Hezuo 908)plants were grown under ambient CO_(2)(a[CO_(2)],462μmol/mol)and e[CO_(2)](550,700,850 and 1000μmol/mol):named as EC550,EC_(700),EC_(850),and EC_(1000),respectively,under uniform environmental condition for two planting *** growth of tomato plants(plant height,stem diameter,and leaf area index)was significantly enhanced under EC_(700)and showed a slightly negative response under EC_(850).The optimum yield was stimulated under EC_(700)by 74.05%and 55.91%,while maximum total dry weight(DW_(t))was enhanced under EC_(1000)by 58.23%and 39.78%during autumn-winter and spring-summer planting seasons,respectively,as compared to a[CO_(2)].The greatest yield and least DWt stimulated under EC_(700)for both seasons indicated that EC_(700)improved the ability of the tomato plants to translocate carbohydrates to *** water use efficiency related to yield(WUE_(y))was enhanced by 55.91-210.87%under EC_(700)compared to a[CO_(2)].The titratable acid(TA)was improved by 19.94%(EC_(700)),29.17%(EC_(850)),and 97.92%(EC_(1000)),and the lycopene(Lp)was increased by 2.22%(EC_(700))and reduced by 2.28%(EC_(1000)).Thus,the overall optimum impact on tomato growth was explored under EC_(700).Super e[CO_(2)]did not positively influence the tomato growth process and yield under adequate water and fertilizer *** present study results are beneficial for greenhouse crop production and might be used as a reference to validate the climate change influence modeling.

关键词： elevated CO_(2) tomato plant yield water use efficiency fruit quality

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