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Genetic diversity and a population structure analysis of accessions in the Chinese cowpea [Vigna unguiculata(L.)walp.]germplasm collection

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The Crop Journal 2017年第5期5卷 363-372页

作者： Honglin Chen Hong Chen Liangliang Hu Lixia Wang Suhua Wang Ming Li Wang Xuzhen Cheng National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Institute of Crop Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Development Center of Science and Technology Ministry of Agriculture PR China United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit

Cowpea(Vigna imguicuiata) is an important legume crop with diverse uses. The species is presently a minor crop, and evaluation of its genetic diversity has been very limited. In this study, a total of 200 genic and 100 genomic simple sequence repeat(SSR) markers were developed from cowpea unigene and genome sequences, respectively. Among them, 27 genic and 27 genomic SSR markers were polymorphic and were used for assessment of genetic diversity and population structure in 105 selected cowpea accessions. A total of 155 alleles and 2.9 alleles per marker were identified, and the average polymorphic information content(PIC) value was 0.3615. The average PIC of genomic SSRs(0.3996) was higher than that of genic SSRs(0.3235), and most of the polymorphic genomic SSRs were composed of di-and trinucleotide repeats(51.9% and 37.0% of all loci, respectively). The low level of detected genetic diversity may be attributed to a severe genetic bottleneck that occurred during the cowpea domestication process. The accessions were classified by structure and cluster analysis into four subgroups that correlated well with their geographic origins or collection sites. The classification results were also consistent with the results from principal coordinate analysis and can be used as a guide during future germplasm collection and selection of accessions as breeding materials for cultivar improvement. The newly developed genic and genomic SSR markers described in this study will be valuable genomic resources for the assessment of genetic diversity, population structure, evaluation of germplasm accessions, construction of genetic maps, identification of genes of interest,and application of marker-assisted selection in cowpea breeding programs.

关键词： Vigna unguiculata (L.) walp Cultivated cowpea collection Microsatellite marker Genetic diversity Population structure

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Initial Development of Cowpea Bean Fertilized with Natural Phosphate in the Brazilian Cerrado Soil

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第7期9卷 1381-1390页

作者： Edna Maria Bonfim-Silva Denise César Soares Paula Caroline Lima Silva Ana Paula Alves Barreto Damasceno Tonny José Araújo da Silva Helon Hébano de Freitas Sousa Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering Institute of Agricultural Sciences and Technology Federal University of Mato Grosso Cuiabá Brazil

Cowpea, string Bean, or Macassar bean [Vigna unguiculata (L.) walp] presents a short life cycle, low water requirement, develops in soils of low fertility, and has the ability to fix nitrogen from the air. In the Cerrado, the oxisols occupy practically all the flat to soft-wavy areas with little reserve of nutrients for the plants, in general, they are soils with great limitations of fertility. A source of alternative phosphate fertilization is the use of reactive natural phosphates. The reactive natural phosphate of Bayóvar presents intermediate solubility between the sources of soluble phosphates and the natural phosphates. In this context, the objective was to evaluate the initial development of Cowpea beans fertilized with the natural Bayóvar phosphate used for cultivation of the Brazilian Cerrado Oxisol. The experimental design was completely randomized, with six doses of phosphorus (0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 mg·dm-3) using natural Bayovar phosphate as a source in four replications. The species used in this study was the legume cowpea bean [Vigna unguiculata (L.) walp] cultivar Tumucumaque. The treatments were applied using the natural phosphate Bayóvar as a source of phosphorus (29% of P2O5). At 33 DAS (days after sowing), the variable number of leaves of the Cowpea bean was analyzed and at 40 DAS, the variables plant height, SPAD chlorophyll index (Soil Plant Analysis Development) and stem diameter were analyzed. For all variables analyzed there was a significant effect. The initial development of the cowpea bean cultivated in the Brazilian Cerrado Oxisol was significantly influenced by the Bayóvar natural phosphate fertilization with the best phosphorus (P2O5) doses in the range of 200 to 350 mg·

关键词： Vigna unguiculata (L.) walp Phosphate of Bayóvar Oxisol

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Impacts of Residual Phosphorus on the Production of Cowpea in the Cerrado Region

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第4期9卷 645-658页

作者： Jair da Costa Gaspar Marileia Barros Furtado Welder José dos Santos Silva Isaías dos Santos Reis Nítalo André Farias Machado Maryzélia Furtado de Farias Jomar Livramento Barros Furtado Hosana Aguiar Freitas de Andrade Raquel da Silva Sobral Luisa Julieth Parra-Serrano Khalil de Menezes Rodrigues Raissa Rachel Salustriano Silva-Matos Center of Agrarian Sciences and Environmental Federal University of Maranhao Chapadinha Brazil Center of Agrarian Sciences Federal University of Piauí Teresina Brazil Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences State University Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho UNESP Sao Paulo Brazil Exact and Technological Science Center State University of Western Paraná Cascavel Brazil

Phosphate fertilizers when applied to the soil, besides being harvested by the crops, promote a residual effect that can be offered to subsequent crops. The objective of this research was to evaluate the residual effect of phosphate fertilization applied to maize cultivation on the successor crop, cowpea, in the Cerrado region in Maranhao. The research was carried out in the experimental area of Federal University of Maranhao (UFMA), located in the city of Chapadinha, MA (3°44'30"S, 43°21'37''W). The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with six treatments and four replications. The treatments were composed of the following residual P doses: 0, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 kg·ha-1 of P2O5. The cultivation of cowpea (cultivar BRS guariba) was sown at a spacing of 1.0 × 0.20 m. The cowpea proved to be efficient in the use of residual phosphate fertilization, since it promoted grain yield close to the national average. The cultivation of cowpea in previously cultivated areas is feasible, in order to take advantage of the residual phosphate fertilization in the Cerrado of East of Maranhao. The phosphorus dose applied in the predecessor crop corresponding to 80 kg·ha-1 of P2O5 promoted higher grain yield (393.44 Mg·ha-1) and a greater profit margin (US $326.26). Thus, it is feasible to grow cowpea in previously cultivated areas, in order to take advantage of residual phosphate fertilization.

关键词： Fertilizing Vigna unguiculata L. walp Phosphate Fertilization Residue

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甘南高原黄玛卡根叶提取物抗氧化能力和主要活性物质含量研究

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林业科技通讯 2019年第4期 76-78页

作者：马怀义马雄马科达马伟雄甘肃民族师范学院甘肃合作747000

以甘南高原栽培的黄玛卡(Lepidium meyenii walp)根、叶为试验材料,分别对根、叶抗氧化能力,总黄酮、总酚含量进行测定。结果显示,黄玛卡叶的自由基抑制率(I)、铁离子还原/氧化能力(FRAP),总黄酮含量、总酚含量均显著大于根。

关键词：黄玛卡 Lepidium meyenii walp 抗氧化能力黄酮总酚

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