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Reference Dependent Preference and Labor Supply:Evidence from China

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Frontiers of Economics in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2019年第2期14卷 264-301页

作者： Guanfu Fang Guanliang Hu Lan Yao School of Business Shanghai University of International Business and EconomicsShanghai 201620China School of Economics Shanghai University of Finance and EconomicsShanghai 200433China

This paper investigates the daily labor supply decisions of Hangzhou cabdrivers. We find that Hangzhou cabdrivers.wage elasticity is significantly positive, their working decisions are largely affected by shift time, and crude proxy variables for income;hours targets can hardly explain their working behavior. Nevertheless, Hangzhou cabdrivers are still affected by reference dependent preference. Using new empirical strategies, we show that cabdrivers are more likely to continue working when wage rates are unexpectedly low and more likely to quit when wage rates are unexpectedly high.

关键词： reference dependent preference wage elasticity labor supply income shock

Offshoring,wages,and Skill Premiums:Firm-level Evidence from China

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China & World Economy 2021年第5期29卷 1-27页

作者： Liang Zhang Bin Qiu Xiaocong Xu Shaoqin Sun School of Economics and Management Southeast UniversityChina School of Economics Nanjing UniversityChina Business School Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyChina

Using detailed Chinese manufacturing firm production and trade data from 2000 to 2006,this study finds that offshoring significantly increases firms’average wages.First,using the quasi-natural experiment of China's accession to the World Trade Organization,we investigate how a reduction in offshoring costs affects the manufacturing firm's wages and find that a productivity effect and a job-relocation effect are two possible channels.Second,the dynamic decomposition of industry-level wages indicates that the within-firm effect is 0.547,accounting for 31.5 percent of the total variation.Finally,a Mincer-type regression shows that offshoring also increases within-firm skill premiums.Our findings have strong implications for the government related to framing appropriate industrial policies to raise wages and reduce income inequality.

关键词： offshoring skill premiums wage WTO accession

Who Lost Most wages and Household Income during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Poor Rural China?

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China & World Economy 2021年第6期29卷 95-116页

作者： Wenjin Long Junxia Zeng Tongquan Sun College of Economics and Management China Agricultural UniversityChina Institute of Rural Development Chinese Academy of Social SciencesChina

China managed to eliminate all extreme poverty in rural areas in 2020.Poor households,however,may risk falling back into poverty due to the COVID-19.This paper examines the impacts of the pandemic on wages and household incomes among different groups in poor areas of rural China.Using a unique dataset from five poverty-stricken counties,we found that the pandemic has had large negative effects on wage income for migrant workers and workers in manufacturing,the private sector,and small enterprises.Compared with households relying on wage income,households relying on small businesses have suffered much more from the pandemic,whereas households depending on farming or transfer payments have been less affected.Although poor and ethnic minority households lost significant amounts of wage income due to the pandemic,they did not lose more household income than nonpoor and nonminority households.We conclude that support from the government has kept vulnerable households from suffering more than other households from the effects of COVID-19.Our findings suggest that the government can play a strong role in alleviating the negative impacts of the COVID-19.

关键词： COVID-19 household income poverty rural China wage

An Analysis of the Issue of Inter-Industry Income Inequality in China

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当代财经 2013年第S1期 18-27页

作者： HUANG Yan-dong YAO Xian-guo College of Public Administration Zhejiang University Zhejiang Technical Institute of Economics

After entering the new century,the inter-industry wage differential in China is expanding continually.The regression-based Shapley-value decomposition shows that such factors as human capital,ownership system,capital investment and technology have significant influence on the inter-industry income inequality;of which the contribution of human capital to the differential is about 45%,and the ownership system is more than 20%.Therefore,such administrative measures as equal education,increasing education returns,opening the labor market of monopoly industry,and carrying out labor negotiation system can effectively settle the problem of inter-industry wage differentials.

关键词： human capital monopoly inter-industry wage differentials Shapley-value decomposition

Performance Volatility and wage Elasticity:An Examination of Listed Chinese A-share Enterprises

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China Journal of Accounting Research 2009年第2期2卷 109-140页

作者： Donghua Chen Yongjian Shen Lihua Chen Research Institute of Accounting and Finance Nanjing University Department of Accounting School of Business Nanjing University

The management of future financial risk on the part of managers and changes in firm finances are two of the fundamental reasons for upward and downward rigidity of wages.The proxy variable for firm financial risk is volatility,the past performance of which is among the principal indicators of wage rigidity.In firms whose current performance is on the upswing,the greater the volatility in past performance,the smaller the elasticity ratio and the more acute the upward rigidity;the more stable past performance,the larger the elasticity ratio and the more acute the upward elasticity.In firms in which current performance is declining,greater past performance volatility leads to a larger elasticity ratio and more acute downward rigidity,whereas more stable such performance leads to a smaller elasticity ratio and more acute downward rigidity.

关键词： wage rigidity Performance volatility Financial ris

Monopoly Causes Inter-industry wage Differentials

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China Economist 2007年第6期2卷 53-61页

作者：史先诚 Associate Professor of the Department of Economics Nanjing University Research fellow of the Yangtze River Delta Economic and Social Development Research Centre

Inter-industry wage differentials in China, measured in terms of average employment earnings by industry, are significant and have been increasing since 1988. The coefficient of variables measuring inter-industry average earning differentials is apparently on the rise along with the subdivision of industry. A theoretical analysis of the labour market indicates that inter-industry wage differentials are mainly due to human capital variation among the employees of different industries and the likelihood of monopoly rent sharing. An empirical study finds that employee characteristics such as sex, age and education can only explain 60 percent of CVs in the period 2003 to 2005 and the rest may be due to the effect of monopoly rent sharing in certain industries. A residual analysis of wage equation proves that the monopoly industries of technology or knowledge share a small proportion of rents with employment, whereas non-competitive monopoly industries generally garner an abnormal share of rents, as much as half of their above-average earnings for their industries. Such abnormal rents and benefits are mainly the result of low cost natural resources, the use of state-owned assets, the misappropriation of consumer welfare and the seeking of fiscal or social subsidy for cost inflation. So, China should deal with the non-competitive monopoly industries by reforming their monopoly power and primary social distribution mechanism to structure a fair income distribution order.

关键词： Inter-industry wage differentials Monopoly Rent sharing.

Women and Myths of Today: An Investigation for the Reasons of Gender Inequalities

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Proceedings of Business and Economic Studies 2018年第2期1卷 37-44页

作者： Doaa Mohamed Salman Abdou Department of Economics October University for Modern Sciences and Arts(MSA)GizaEgypt

The relationship between participation and gender is rather more fraught with tensions and contradictions.These points of tension between participatory and“gender aware”approaches to development arise from-and produce rather different ways of engaging with issues of gendered power.This paper aims to list the dimensions of“participation”and“gender”in development,highlighting paradoxes of“gender-aware”and participatory development interventions.From that part it raises a question,despite the continuous efforts that have been exerted in the past and up to present to minimize the gap of gender inequality,coupled with the fact that the percentage of females to males in the workplace is increasing rapidly;yet the sam problems exist,in particular,the lack of employment opportunities and rights.Thus,raising issues such as is gender awareness necessary and sufficient for effective participation of women in gender and development practices?And what are the requirements for this effective participation?Does the effective participation of women overcome gender differences?

关键词： gender inequality wage gap labor force participation rate unemployment rate

The Effects of Greenhouse Gases Regulation on wages and Rents: Policy Issues and General Equilibrium Analysis

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American Journal of Climate Change 2016年第4期5卷 485-501页

作者： Meng-Jieu Chen Department of Environmental and Natural Resource Economics Coastal Institute University of Rhode Island Kingston RI USA

The stringency of environmental policy is likely to change the gains of economic agents. Using a general equilibrium model and an assumption that capital-intensive industries tend to be intensive emitters of greenhouse gases (GHG), we find that a stricter GHG emission scheme will reduce the rent for capital owners but increase the wage for workers. This effect could motivate capital owners or workers to oppose or support a stricter GHG policy. The paper also empirically assesses the model’s key assumption by using production input (capital stock and labor), output, and GHG emission data from U.S industrial sectors. The regression result supports a strong positive relationship between the capital-labor ratio and the pollution-output ratio. Therefore, the theoretical analysis is relevant to the actual economy.

关键词： Environmental Policy General Equilibrium Model Lobby Incentive wage Rent

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论社会保险缴费基数的去工资化