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Theoretical and experimental investigation on vertical tank technology for sinter waste heat recovery

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Journal of Central South University 2017年第10期24卷 2281-2287页

作者：冯军胜董辉高建业刘靖宇梁凯 State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory on Eco-industry Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

In the present work, the gas flow pressure drop and gas–solid heat transfer characteristics in sinter bed layer of vertical tank were studied experimentally on the basis of the homemade experimental setup. The gas flow pressure drop through the sinter bed layer was measured with different gas velocity and particle diameters, as well as the sinter and air temperatures. The influences of gas superficial velocity and particle diameter on the gas flow pressure drop and gas solid heat transfer in sinter bed layer were analyzed in detail. The revised Ergun's correlation and gas solid heat transfer correlation were obtained according to the regression analysis of experimental data. It is found that, the pressure drop of unit bed layer height gradually increases as a quadratic relationship with increasing the gas superficial velocity, and decreases as an exponential relationship with the increase of sinter particle diameter. For a given sinter temperature, the heat transfer coefficient in sinter bed layer increases with increasing the gas superficial velocity, and increases with decreasing the sinter particle diameter. In addition, the heat transfer coefficient also gradually increases with increasing the sinter temperature at the same gas superficial velocity and sinter particle diameter. The mean deviations between the experimental data obtained from this work and the values calculated by the revised Ergun's correlation and the experimental heat transfer correlation are 7.22% and 4.22% respectively, showing good prediction.

关键词： sinter waste heat pressure drop heat transfer coefficient experimental study

Effect of intracellular water release on hydro-mechanical behaviors of high kitchen waste content municipal solid waste

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2019年第11期62卷 1907-1915页

作者： XU XiaoBing NI Da CHEN YunMin XU Hui YANG QinFeng XU SiFa Institute of Geotechnical Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310023China MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering Institute of Geotechnical EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of Civil Engineering&Architecture Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018China The Architectural Design&Research Institute of Zhejiang University Co.Ltd Hangzhou 310028China

The release of intracellular water during degradation process contributes to the great leachate production and settlement of landfilled high kitchen waste content MSW(HKWC-MSW). An oven-drying and absorbent-paper combined method was proposed to measure the intracellular and interparticle water contents of HKWC-MSW. Two degradation experiments were carried out to study the release process of intracellular water and its effect on the hydro-mechanical behaviors of *** was found that the two degradation experiments showed similar degradation behaviors with BOD/COD decreasing with time in the early stage. In the first degradation experiment, most intracellular water was released during the first two months, and the degradation of degradable matter in kitchen waste(KW) was much slower than the release process of intracellular water. The particle size became smaller and the overall grain specific gravity increased during the fast release process of intracellular *** the second degradation experiment, after two-year degradation, the total leachate production was about 45.2% of the initial wet weight of HKWC-MSW specimen. Water retention capacity θ_f increased from 0.23 to 0.58 during 1–69 d, which might be caused by the decrease of particle size and compression of waste skeleton. As almost all the intracellular water was released after 80-day degradation, during the latter stage of leachate drainage under gravity, θ_f decreased and was close to the total volumetric water content. The total compression strain was about 0.39. The secondary compression strain during 1–80 d(i.e., about 0.07)was considered to be mainly resulted by the release of intracellular water and the subsequent drainage of leachate, and it accounted for about 22.6% of the total secondary compression strain.

关键词： municipal solid waste landfill degradation intracellular water particle size grain specific gravity water retention capacity settlement

Reduction of chromium ore by recycled silicon cutting sludge waste with carbon addition

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2019年第8期26卷 806-817页

作者： Woo-gwang Jung Sakib Tanvir Hossain Fatima Tuz Johra Jong-ho Kim Young-chul Chang School of Materials Science and Engineering Kookmin University Seoul 02707 Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Graduate School of Kookmin University Seoul 02707 Korea Advanced Metals Research Group Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology (RIST) Pohang City 37673 Korea Department of Mechatronics Engineering Korea University of Technology and Education Cheonan-si 31253 Korea

A basic study on the feasibility of producing ferrochrome (silicon) alloys using Si sludge waste collected from the silicon ingot cutting process was carried out, and the effects of the addition of carbon components, reaction time, and reaction temperature on the silicothermic reduction of chromium ore by Si sludge were studied. The cordierite (Mg2Al4Si5O18) phase was generated in the slag, and the Fe-Cr(-Si)-C alloy was formed by the silicothermic reduction. Moreover, the addition of carbon powder lowered the reduction initiating temperature, and the reduction ratio based on the oxygen content was evaluated at around 68-88% at 1573 K, which increased with an increase in carbon. However, it was difficult to find a significant difference in the reduction behavior in response to increasing the holding time. The reduced fer-rochrome (Fe-Cr) metal alloy droplets coalesced more intensively with an increase in reduction temperature, and for manufacturing the Fe-Cr alloy, it is estimated that a temperature of 1773 K or higher is required for good separation of the slag and the metal. Furthermore, the metallization ratio was defined, and higher values are evaluated for Fe than for Cr.

关键词： Chromium ore Ferrochrome alloy Silicon sludge waste Silicothermic reduction Reduction ratio Metallization ratio

Parametric optimization of packed bed for activated coal fly ash waste heat recovery using CFD techniques

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第2期28卷 518-525页

作者： Kai Liang Saimeng Jin Hengzhi Chen Jingzheng Ren Weifeng Shen Shun'anWei School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina

Coal fly ash is an industrial solid waste generated from coal preparation during the processing and cleaning of coal for electric power *** investigation on the reutilization of waste heat of activated coal fly ash is of great economic *** method of recovering the waste heat,proposed in this study,is the transfer of heat from activated coal fly ash to gas with the movement of air using the packed bed,providing valuable energy sources for preheating the raw coal fly ash to reduce the overall energy *** investigation is carried on the heat transfer characteristics of gas–solid(activated coal fly ash)phases and air temperature fields of the packed bed under some key conditions via computational fluid dynamics.A two dimensional geometry is utilized to represent key parts of packed *** distribution mechanism of the temperature field for gas phase is analyzed based on the transient temperature contours at different *** results show that the obtained rule of gas–solid heat transfer can effectively evaluate the influences of operating parameters on the air temperature in the packed ***,it is found that no temperature differences exist in the hot air at the outlet of the packed *** investigation provides guidance for the design and optimization of other similar energy recovery apparatuses in industries.

关键词： Coal fly ash Computational fluid dynamics Eulerian–Eulerian model waste heat recovery Packed bed

Brominated dioxins and furans in a cement kiln co-processing municipal solid waste

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第5期31卷 339-345页

作者： Lili Yang Yuyang Zhao Miwei Shi Minghui Zheng Yang Xu Cui Li Yuanping Yang Linjun Qin Guorui Liu State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Hebei Engineering Research Center for Geographic Information Application Institute of Geographical Sciences Hebei Academy of Sciences

A field study and theoretical calculations were performed to clarify the levels, profiles, and distributions of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans(PBDD/Fs) in a cement kiln co-processing solid waste, with a focus on the PBDF formation *** raw materials contributed greatly to input of PBDD/Fs into the cement kiln. The PBDD/F concentrations in the raw materials were much higher than those in particle samples from different process stages in the cement kiln. The PBDD/F concentrations in the clinkers were1.40% of the concentrations in the raw materials, which indicated that the high destruction efficiencies for PBDD/Fs by cement kiln. PBDD/F distribution patterns in particle samples collected from different process stages indicated the cement kiln backend was a major site for PBDD/F formation. PBDFs with high levels of halogenation, such as heptabrominated furans(Hp BDF), were the dominant contributors to the total PBDD/F concentrations and accounted for 42%–73% of the total PBDD/F concentrations in the particle samples. Our results showed that co-processing of municipal solid waste in a cement kiln may influence the congener profile of PBDD/Fs, especially for the higher halogenated PBDD fraction. In addition, there were significant correlations between the decabromodiphenyl ether and heptabrominated furan concentrations, which is an indicator of transformation from polybrominated diphenyl ethers to PBDD/Fs. Theoretical calculations were performed and demonstrated that elimination of HBr and Br_2 from polybrominated diphenyl ethers were the dominant formation pathways for PBDD/Fs. These pathways differed from that for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans(PCDD/Fs).

关键词： Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofuran(PBDD/F) Cement kiln Municipal solid waste Dioxin Formation mechanism

Current scenario and potential of biodiesel production from waste cooking oil in Pakistan: An overview

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第10期27卷 2238-2250页

作者： Haris Mahmood Khan Chaudhry Haider Ali Tanveer Iqbal Saima Yasin Muhammad Sulaiman Hamayoun Mahmood Muhammad Raashid Mohsin Pasha BozhongMu Department of Chemical Polymer and Composite Materials EngineeringUniversity of Engineering&TechnologyKSK CampusLahore 54890Pakistan East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237China

Biodiesel utilization has been rapidly growing worldwide as the prime alternative to petrodiesel due to a global rise in diesel fuel demand along with hazardous emissions during its thermochemical ***,several debatable issues including feedstock availability and price,fuel and food competition,changes in land use and greenhouse gas emission have been raised by using edible as well as inedible feedstocks for the production of ***,non-crop feedstocks could be a promising *** this article,waste cooking oils have been recommended as a suitable option for biodiesel production bearing in mind the current national *** important factors such as the quantity of waste cooking oil produced,crude oil and vegetable oil import expenses,high-speed diesel imports,waste management issues and environmental hazards are ***,process simulation and operating cost evaluation of an acid catalyzed biodiesel production unit are also *** simulation results show that the production cost of waste cooking oil-based biodiesel is about 0.66 USD·*** believe that the present overview would open new pathways and ideas for the development of biofuels from waste to energy approach in Pakistan.

关键词： Biodiesel waste cooking oil Feedstock sustainability Energy demand Pakistan

Impact of municipal solid waste incineration on heavy metals in the surrounding soils by multivariate analysis and lead isotope analysis

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第8期31卷 47-56页

作者： Yang Li Hua Zhang Liming Shao Xiaoli Zhou Pinjing He State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Tongji University Institute of waste Treatment and Reclamation Tongji University Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Centre for the Technology Research and Training on Household waste in Small Towns & Rural Area Ministry of Housing Urban-Rural Development

Municipal solid waste(MSW) incineration has become an important anthropogenic source of heavy metals(HMs) to the environment. However, assessing the impact of MSW incineration on HMs in the environment, especially soils, can be a challenging task because of various HM sources. To investigate the effect of MSW incineration on HMs in soils, soil samples collected at different distances from four MSW incinerators in Shanghai, China were analyzed for their contents of eight HMs(antimony, cadmium, chromium, copper,lead, mercury, nickel, and zinc) and lead(Pb) isotope ratios. Source identification and apportionment of HMs were accomplished using principal component analysis and Pb isotope analysis. Results indicated that the relatively high contents of cadmium, lead,antimony, and zinc in the soils at 250 m and 750–1250 m away from the MSW incinerators were related to MSW incineration, while the elevated contents of the other four HMs were associated with other anthropogenic activities. Based on Pb isotope analysis, the contribution ratio of MSW incineration(which had been operated for more than 14 years)to the accumulation of Pb in soil was approximately 10% on average, which was lower than coal combustion only. Incinerator emissions of Pb could have a measurable effect on the soil contamination within a limited area(≤1500 m).

关键词： Municipal solid waste incineration Soils Heavy metals Source identification Pb isotope ratios

Combustion synthesis of Hf-doped zirconolite-rich composite waste forms and the aqueous durability

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先进陶瓷（英文） 2019年第3期8卷 448-455页

作者： Kuibao ZHANG Dan YIN Zongsheng HE Baozhu LUO Haibin ZHANG State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang621010China National Defense Key Discipline Lab of Nuclear waste and Environmental Safety Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang621010China Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang621900China

Zirconolite is recognized as one of the most durable waste matrices for the disposal of high-level radioactive wastes(HLWs).In this study,HfO2 was employed as the surrogate of tetravalent ***-bearing zirconolite-based composite waste forms(CaZr1–xHfxTi2O7)were rapidly prepared by combustion synthesis(CS)using CuO as the oxidant,where quick pressing(QP)was introduced to obtain densified *** as solid state reaction process,the Zr site of zirconolite can be totally occupied by Hf(x=1.0)under the CS *** original 2M zirconolite structure was maintained and a small amount of perovskite impurity phase was generated in the final *** aqueous durability of representative sample(Cu-Hf-0.6)was tested,where the 42-day normalized leaching rates(LRi)of Ca,Cu,and Hf are 0.25,3.10×10–2,and 1.11×10–8 g·m–2·d–1.

关键词： combustion synthesis(CS) nuclear waste HfO2 zirconolite aqueous durability

From waste hot-pot oil as carbon precursor to development of recyclable attapulgite/carbon composites for wastewater treatment

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第1期31卷 346-358页

作者： Jie Tang Bin Mu Li Zong Aiqin Wang Key Laboratory of Clay Mineral Applied Research of Gansu Province Center of Eco-material and Green Chemistry Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Center of Xuyi Palygorskite Applied Technology Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

The utilization of waste products as valuable materials was a technical imperative for waste management. In this study, the cost-effective attapulgite/carbon(APT/C) composite was developed for wastewater treatment using waste hot-pot oil as a carbon precursor through a facile one-step calcination process. The APT/C composite prepared at 300°C exhibited the excellent adsorption capacity and rapid equilibrium rate over a broad p H range for the removal of various pollutants. More importantly, the removal ratios of the composites toward Methyl Violet and tetracycline still remained 77.6% and 60.2% of the initial adsorption capacity after ten adsorption–regeneration cycles via a facile thermal regeneration strategy, *** all doubt, this research provided a feasible and economical way for the sustainable utilization of waste hot-pot oil in wastewater treatment, achieving the concept of disposal waste with waste and recycling.

关键词： waste hot-pot oil Calcination Attapulgite/carbon composites Adsorption Thermal regeneration