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vowel Reduction in Japanese

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南开语言学刊 2009年第2期 14-20页

作者： Shirai Setsuko MingDao University

This paper reports the result that vowel reduction occurs in Japanese and vowel reduction is the part of the language *** with English,the effect of the vowel reduction in Japanese is relatively weak might because of the absence of stress in *** spectral vowel reduction occurs in Japanese,various types of researches would be possible.

关键词： vowel reduction Japanese experimental analysis

Differences of vowel Pronunciation in China English and American English： A Case Study of [i] and [I]

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Sino-US English Teaching 2013年第2期10卷 154-161页

作者： KANG Shi-hui YI Li ZHANG Hong-zhen China Agricultural University Beijing China

This paper investigates the differences between vowels [i] and [ I] pronounced by Chinese English speakers and American English speakers. Seven people consisting of two natives and five Chinese have read a list of sentences and their voices were recorded. A software program is used to analyze their voices. In spectrograms generated by Praat, the connection between formant values and articulation features is used to investigate how native speakers pronounce these two vowels and what the differences are between native speakers and Chinese speakers. Through this investigation, it is discovered that Chinese speakers have lower tongue position in [i] and their tongues are more forward in [I], thus making it hard to differentiate these two vowels. Moreover, the length of [i] is much shorter than those in American pronunciation, suggesting that Chinese speakers differentiate [i] and [I] largely by length. However, the comparison of Chinese speakers and native speakers proved otherwise.

关键词： China English American English vowel Praat formant value

On the vowel Changes of English Language in History

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海外英语 2018年第18期 73-74页

作者：朱虹辽宁师范大学外国语学院

The vowel changes of English are more dramatic and complicated in every period of English development. Especially theGreat vowel Shift from Middle English to Modern English influenced the whole English phonetic system. This paper examines thevowel changes in each period of English development and aims at concluding the rules of the language change and development.

关键词： vowel changes the Great vowel Shift English history

Preliminary Studies on Great vowel Shift

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英语广场（学术研究） 2011年第Z3期 72-73页

作者：李才曹海洋齐齐哈尔职业学院

The great gowel ghift was a massive sound change affecting the long vowels of English during the 15th to 18th centuries. Based on the history and theory of great vowel shift, the thesis makes an investigation on the p... 详细信息

关键词： great vowel shift principle exception effect

Recognition of vertical vowel graphemes of Korean characters based on combination of vowel graphemes

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2002年第3期9卷 302-306页

作者：崔荣一洪炳熔 School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Dept.of Computer Science and Technology Yanbian UniversityYanji 133002China

Korean characters consist of 2 dimensional distributed consonantal and vowel graphemes. The purpose of reducing the 2 dimensional characteristics of Korean characters to linear arrangements at early stage of character recognition is to decrease the complexity of following recognition task. By defining the identification codes for the vowel graphemes of Korean characters, the rules for combination of vowel graphemes are established, and a recognition algorithm based on the rules for combination of vowel graphemes, is therefore proposed for vertical vowel graphemes. The algorithm has been proved feasilbe through demonstrating simulations.

关键词： Korean character recognition identification codes of vowel graphemes combination rules of vowelgraphemes recognition algorithm for vertical vowel graphemes

Using Formants to Compare Short and Long vowels in Modern Standard Arabic

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2020年第5期8卷 96-106页

作者： Veton Kepuska Mohamed Alshaari Computer Engineering and Sciences Florida Tech Melbourne USA

This study was concerned with the short vowels in modern standard Arabic words with Consonant vowel-Consonant vowel-Consonant vowel (CVCVCV) structure, and the long vowels in words with Consonant vowel vowel-Consonant (CVVC). Even though there has been a dispute on the precise number of Arabic vowels that exist between language studies, this study used the opinion that the Arabic language has three vowels;the elongation of each vowel gave the other three because this is the opinion of classical Arabic linguists which is the source of the Modern Standard Arabic (MSA). Studies said that the first and second formant values (F1, F2) can represent the vowels. In this study, the formants were measured using LPC (Linear Predictive Coding), verifying the measurement to see if the measured follows the pattern of formants measurements of the other studies, and the formants were used to investigate the relationship between short and long vowels. Furthermore, the study figured out if the dialect of speakers can affect the values of formants, even if the spoken language is MSA, some statistical measurements were calculated to evaluate the relationship.

关键词： Arabic vowels Formant MSA CVCVCV Words Corpus vowel Triangle Dialect

ACOUSTIC AND ARTICULATORY ANALYSIS ON CHINESE AND JAPANESE vowelS IN EMOTIONAL SPEECH

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中国语音学报 2013年第1期 125-142页

作者： LI Aijun CAO Mengxue FANG Qiang HU Fang DANG Jianwu Phonetics and Speech Science Lab. Institute of LinguisticsChinese Academy of Social Sciences School of information Science Japan Advanced Institute of Science Technology.TianJin Umversity

This research investigated the articulatory and acoustic cues of the emotional vowels from production/coding perspectives Chinese and Japanese emotional speech and EMA data were *** acoustic and articulatory spaces of isolated vowels across different emotions were analyzed to understand the coding scheme in cross-cultural emotion *** results suggest that,on the one hand,those two languages share some common features:(1) Significant differences of the acoustic space exist across emotions;(2) 'Sad' and 'Angry' vowels raise tongue position higher than other emotions;(3)The lip’s protrusion feature is shared by both 'Angry' and 'Sad' emotions,except[a]or[A].We suggested that the exception is caused by the increase of the mouth *** mouth opening and the degree of lip protrusion are a pair of complementary *** the other hand,differences also exist between those two languages;(l)In Chinese,the acoustic space moves downwards with the increasing of emotion intensity;in Japanese,however, 'Angry' is characterized by a horizontally compressed acoustic space,and 'Sad' by a vertically compressed acoustic space.(2)In Chinese,emotional factors only cause tongue raising movement;in Japanese,emotional factors cause both tongue raising and significant tongue retraction,which can be enhanced by 'Angry' and 'Sad' emotions.

关键词： vowel articulation Emotion Acoustic EMA NDI Wave System

A Useful System in Learning and Teaching English Pronunciation——IPA Cardinal vowels System

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海外英语 2014年第9X期 33-34页

作者：赵鹏柳轶群首都师范大学北京100048 中央音乐学院北京100031

The paper introduces the cardinal vowels system invented by the famous English phonetician Daniel *** system enables a teacher to describe to his students a foreign vowel by comparing it with the nearest vowel in his mother tongue,which makes the learning of a foreign sound much easier to his *** cases of teaching Chinese students English vowels are taken as an example to illustrate the *** cardinal vowel system is of use in terms of teaching and learning *** suggestions are put forward in the end.

关键词： IPA cardinal vowel system Daniel Jones pronunciati

A General Description of the Cardinal vowels in English and Chinese vowels(Yunmu) and Others

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海外英语 2016年第16期 183-185+188页

作者：李青洋陈泓霖云南农业大学外语学院

Firstly, a system of cardinal vowels and IPA will be introduced. Through an illustration of cardinal vowels, theoretical levels of tongue heights and sound correspondences are clearly recognized. Secondly, cardinal vowels in Chinese and English will be demonstrated in comparison and contrast to make a clearer picture for Chinese-speakers in English learning.

关键词： vowel cardinal vowel monophthong phonetic pronounce pronunciation