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Value of mink vomit model in study of anti-emetic drugs

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第8期12卷 1300-1302页

作者： Fang Zhang Lei Wang Zhi-Hong Yang Zhan-Tao Liu Wang Yue Department of Pharmacology Medical College of Qingdao University Qingdao 266021 Shandong Province China

AIM： To establish a new, reliable vomit model of minks METHODS： Adult male minks were randomly divided into 8 groups （n=6）： cisplatin （7.5 mg/kg） intraperitoneal injection （ip） group, copper sulfate （40 mg/kg） intragastric injection （ig） group, apomorphine （1.6 mg/kg） subcutaneous injection （sc） group, and 18 Gy whole-body X-irradiation group, ondansetron injection group （2 mg/kg ip） 30 min later followed by cisplatin （7.5 mg/kg） ip, normal saline （NS） ip injection control group, metoclopramide injection group （4 mg/kg ip） 30 rain later followed by apomorphine （1.6 mg/kg） sc, NS ig control group. The frequency of retching and vomiting was calculated. After behavioral experiment, distribution of 5-HT in the ileum was detected by immunohistologic method. RESULTS： Cisplatin, apomorphine, copper sulfate and X-irradiation administered to minks evoked a profound emetic response in the animals. However, retching and vomiting were significantly inhibited by pretreatment with ondansetron and metoclopramide in cisplatin and copper sulfate groups （P=0.018）. Immunohistologic result showed that 5-HT released from enterochromaffin cells （EC cells） was involved in vomiting mechanism. CONCLUSION： Mink vomit model has a great value in studying the vomiting mechanism and screening new antiemetic drugs.

关键词： vomit Mink Cisplatin Ondansetron Apomorphine X-irradiation

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Summary of the Best Evidence for the Evaluation and Management of Chemotherapy-Related Nausea and vomiting in Cancer Patients

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Yangtze Medicine 2023年第1期7卷 27-42页

作者： Panpan Zheng Yongsheng Ou Jinyan Jiang Hongting Liu Xinxia Mo Jinling Li Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University Shanghai China Shanghai Baoshan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Shanghai China

Objective: To summarize the best evidence for the evaluation and management of chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting in cancer patients, so as to promote the standardized management of chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting in cancer patients. Methods: A computer search was conducted for all evidence on chemotherapy-associated nausea and vomiting interventions, including guidelines, expert consensus, best clinical practice information booklet, recommended practice, evidence summary, and systematic review. The search period is from April 30, 2022. After the literature quality evaluation, the evidence extraction and summary of the literature meeting the quality standards. Results: A total of 16 literatures were included, including 9 guidelines, 5 systematic reviews and 2 expert consensus papers. 46 pieces of best evidence on the assessment and management of chemotherapy related nausea and vomiting in cancer patients were summarized, including 6 aspects including risk assessment and management, non-drug management, drug management, multidisciplinary cooperation, education and training, and health education. Conclusion: This study summarized the current best evidence on the assessment and management of chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting in cancer patients. Clinical staff should apply evidence according to specific clinical scenarios, professional skills and patients’ wishes in order to reduce the degree and incidence of chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting in cancer patients and improve the quality of care.

关键词： Cancer Patients Chemotherapy Nausea vomit Evidence-Based Nursing Summary of Evidence

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Effects of ultrasound monitoring of gastric residual volume on feeding complications,caloric intake and prognosis of patients with severe mechanical ventilation

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世界胃肠外科杂志:英文版(电子版) 2023年第8期15卷 1719-1727页

作者： Xiao-Yan Xu Hui-Ping Xue Ming-Jun Yuan You-Rong Jin Chun-Xia Huang Department of Emergency Medicine The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantong 226001Jiangsu ProvinceChina 不详 Department of Emergency Outpatient Nantong University Affiliated HospitalNantong 226001Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Monitoring of gastric residual is an important approach for assessing gastric emptying in patients with mechanical *** monitoring gastric contents,the enteral nutrition scheme can be adjusted in time to ensure feeding *** To investigate the effects of ultrasound monitoring on the incidence of feeding complications,daily caloric intake and prognosis of patients with severe mechanical *** analyze the clinical significance of ultrasound monitoring of gastric residual volume(GRV)up to 250 mL to provide a theoretical basis for clinical *** Patients admitted to the department of emergency medicine of the Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University from January 2018 to June 2022 who received invasive mechanical ventilation and continuous enteral nutrition support within 24-48 h after admission were enrolled in this *** records for patients within 7 d of hospitalization were retrospectively analyzed to compare the incidence of feeding complications,daily caloric intake and clinical prognosis between patients with gastric residual≥250 mL andvomiting in the<250 mL and≥250 mL groups were:18.4%vs 21.0%,23.9%vs 32.3%and 4.0%vs 6.5%,respectively;mortality rates were 20.8%vs 22.65%;mechanical ventilation durations were 18.30 d vs 17.56 d while lengths of stay in the intensive care units(ICU)were 19.87 d vs 19.19±5.19 *** in the above factors between groups were not *** residual≥250 mL was not an independent risk factor for death and prolonged ICU ***,target feeding time of patients in the≥250 mL group was longer than that of patients in the≥250 mL group,and caloric intake(22.0,23.6,24.8,25.3 kcal/kg/d)for patients in the≥250 mL group from the 4^(th) day to the 7^(th) day of hospitalization was lower than that of patients in the≥2

关键词： Gastric residual monitoring Mechanical ventilation vomit Caloric intake Prognosis

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超高效液相三重四极杆质谱法快速检测生物体液中夹竹桃甙和甙元

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分析化学 2011年第4期39卷 599-600页

作者：张秀尧蔡欣欣温州市疾病预防控制中心

1引言夹竹桃(Neriumoleander L.)是一种栽培常绿灌木,在温带、亚热带和热带地区广泛分布。夹竹桃全株含有强心甙类活性物质,有一定的药用价值,但也有相当的毒性。其主要有毒成分为夹竹桃甙(Oleandrin)及其甙元(Oleandrigenin)等,它们会... 详细信息

1引言夹竹桃(Neriumoleander L.)是一种栽培常绿灌木,在温带、亚热带和热带地区广泛分布。夹竹桃全株含有强心甙类活性物质,有一定的药用价值,但也有相当的毒性。其主要有毒成分为夹竹桃甙(Oleandrin)及其甙元(Oleandrigenin)等,它们会抑制Na+/K+ATP酶活性,属迟效强心甙类,并有较强的致吐作用。测定夹竹桃甙类的方法有薄层层析

关键词： Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry Oleandrin Oleandrigenin Plasma Urine vomit

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