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Vision-based Recognition Algorithm for Up-To-Date Indoor Digital Map Generations at Damaged Buildings

Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 2765-2781页

作者： Dahyeon Kim Chulsu Kim Junho Ahn Computer Information Technology Korea National University of TransportationChungju27469Korea Department of Railway Vehicle System Engineering Korea National University of TransportationUiwang16106Korea

When firefighters are engaged in search and rescue missions inside a building at a risk of collapse,they have difficulty in field command and rescue because they can only simplymonitor the situation inside the building utilizing old building drawings or robots.To propose an efficient solution for fast search and rescue work of firefighters,this study investigates the generation of up-to-date digital maps for disaster sites by tracking the collapse situation,and identifying the information of obstacles which are risk factors,using an artificial intelligence algorithm based on low-cost robots.Our research separates the floor by using the mask regional convolutional neural network(R-CNN)algorithm,and determines whether the passage is collapsed or not.Then,in the case of a passage that can be searched,the floor pattern of the obstacles that exist on the floor that has not collapsed is analyzed,and obstacles are searched utilizing an image processing algorithm.Here,we can detect various unknown as well as known obstacles.Furthermore,the locations of obstacles can be estimated using the pixel values up to the bounding box of an existing detected obstacle.We conduct experiments using the public datasets collected by Carnegie Mellon university(CMU)and data collected by manipulating a low-cost robot equipped with a smartphone while roaming five buildings in a campus.The collected data have various floor patterns for objectivity and obstacles that are different from one another.Based on these data,the algorithm for detecting unknown obstacles of a verified study and estimating their sizes had an accuracy of 93%,and the algorithm for estimating the distance to obstacles had an error rate of 0.133.Through this process,we tracked collapsed passages and composed up-to-date digital maps for disaster sites that include the information of obstacles that interfere with the search and rescue work.

关键词： Vision artificial intelligence robot map generation damaged building

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Reversibility of visual field defects through induction of brain plasticity: Vision restoration, recovery and rehabilitation using alternating current stimulation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第10期15卷 1799-1806页

作者： Bernhard A.Sabel Ying Gao Andrea Antal Institute of Medical Psychology Medical FacultyOtto-von-Guericke University of MagdeburgMagdeburgGermany Center for Behavioral and Brain Sciences(CBBS) MagdeburgGermany Sabel Vision Restoration Center MagdeburgGermany Department of Clinical Neurophysiology University Medical Center GottingenGottingenGermany

For decades visual field defects were considered irreversible because it was thought that in the visual system the regeneration potential of the neuronal tissues is low.Nevertheless,there is always some potential for partial recovery of the visual field defect that can be achieved through induction of neuroplasticity.Neuroplasticity refers to the ability of the brain to change its own functional architecture by modulating synaptic efficacy.It is maintained throughout life and just as neurological rehabilitation can improve motor coordination,visual field defects in glaucoma,diabetic retinopathy or optic neuropathy can be improved by inducing neuroplasticity.In ophthalmology many new treatment paradigms have been tested that can induce neuroplastic changes,including non-invasive alternating current stimulation.Treatment with alternating current stimulation(e.g.,30 minutes,daily for 10 days using transorbital electrodes and^10 Hz)activates the entire retina and parts of the brain.Electroencephalography and functional magnetic resonance imaging studies revealed local activation of the visual cortex,global reorganization of functional brain networks,and enhanced blood flow,which together activate neurons and their networks.The future of low Vision is optimistic because Vision loss is indeed,partially reversible.

关键词： alternating current stimulation glaucoma low Vision optic nerve rehabilitation recovery stress Vision Vision restoration therapy visual field

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Seeing red: color Vision in the largemouth bass

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Current Zoology 2019年第1期65卷 43-52页

作者： Lisa D. MiTCHEM Shannon Stanis Muchu Zhou Ellis LoEw John M. Epifanio Rebecca C. Fuller Department of Animal Biology School of Integrative Biology University of Illinois Champaign IL 61820 USA Department of Biomedical Sciences and Section of Physiology College of Veterinary Medicine Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 USA Illinois Natural History Survey Champaign IL 61820 USA

How animals visually perceive the environment is key to understanding important ecological behaviors, such as predation, foraging, and mating. This study focuses on the visual system properties and visual perception of color in the largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides. This study (1) documents the number and spectral sensitivity of photoreceptors,(2) uses these parameters to model visual perception, and (3) tests the model of color perception using a behavioral assay. Bass possess single cone cells maximally sensitive at 535 nm, twin cone cells maximally sensitive at 614 nm, and rod cells maximally sensitive at 528 nm. A simple model of visual perception predicted that bass should not be able to discern between chartreuse yellow and white nor between green and blue. In contrast, bass should be able to discern red from all achromatic (i.e., gray scale) stimuli. These predictions were partially upheld in behavioral trials. In behavioral trials, bass were first trained to recognize a target color to receive a food reward, and then tested on their ability to differentiate between their target color and a color similar in brightness. Bass trained to red and green could easily discern their training color from all other colors for target colors that were similar in brightness (white and black, respectively). This study shows that bass possess dichromatic Vision and do use chromatic (i.e., color) cues in making visual-based decisions.

关键词： bass cones photoreceptors rods Vision

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Towards 6G wireless communication networks:Vision, enabling technologies, and new paradigm shifts

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2021年第1期64卷 5-78页

作者： Xiaohu YOU Cheng-Xiang WANG Jie HUANG Xiqi GAO Zaichen ZHANG Mao WANG Yongming HUANG Chuan ZHANG Yanxiang JIANG Jiaheng WANG Min ZHU Bin SHENG Dongming WANG Zhiwen PAN Pengcheng ZHU Yang YANG Zening LIU Ping ZHANG Xiaofeng TAO Shaoqian LI Zhi CHEN Xinying MA Chih-Lin I Shuangfeng HAN Ke LI Chengkang PAN Zhimin ZHENG Lajos HANZO Xuemin (Sherman) SHEN Yingjie Jay GUO Zhiguo DING Harald HAAS Wen TONG Peiying ZHU Ganghua YANG Jun WANG Erik G.LARSSON Hien Quoc NGO Wei HONG Haiming WANG Debin HOU Jixin CHEN Zhe CHEN Zhangcheng HAO Geoffrey Ye LI Rahim TAFAZOLLI Yue GAO H.Vincent POOR Gerhard P.FETTWEIS Ying-Chang LIANG National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory School of Information Science and EngineeringSoutheast University Purple Mountain Laboratories Shanghai Institute of Fog Computing Technology (SHIFT) ShanghaiTech University Research Center for Network Communication Peng Cheng Laboratory State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications 6. National Engineering Laboratory for Mobile Network TechnologiesBeijing University of Posts and Telecommunications 7. National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on CommunicationsUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) 8. China Mobile Research Institute 9. School of Electronics and Computer ScienceUniversity of Southampton 10. Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of Waterloo 11. Global Big Data Technologies Centre (GBDTC)University of Technology Sydney 12. School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringThe University of Manchester 13. LiFi Research and Development CentreInstitute for Digital CommunicationsSchool of EngineeringThe University of Edinburgh 14. Huawei Technologies Canada Co.Ltd. 15. Huawei Technologies 16. Department of Electrical Engineering (ISY)Link?ping University 17. Institute of ElectronicsCommunications & Information Technology (ECIT)Queen's University Belfast

The fifth generation(5G) wireless communication networks are being deployed worldwide from 2020 and more capabilities are in the process of being standardized, such as mass connectivity, ultra-reliability,and guaranteed low latency. However, 5G will not meet all requirements of the future in 2030 and beyond, and sixth generation(6G) wireless communication networks are expected to provide global coverage, enhanced spectral/energy/cost efficiency, better intelligence level and security, etc. To meet these requirements, 6G networks will rely on new enabling technologies, i.e., air interface and transmission technologies and novel network architecture, such as waveform design, multiple access, channel coding schemes, multi-antenna technologies, network slicing, cell-free architecture, and cloud/fog/edge computing. Our Vision on 6G is that it will have four new paradigm shifts. First, to satisfy the requirement of global coverage, 6G will not be limited to terrestrial communication networks, which will need to be complemented with non-terrestrial networks such as satellite and unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) communication networks, thus achieving a space-airground-sea integrated communication network. Second, all spectra will be fully explored to further increase data rates and connection density, including the sub-6GHz, millimeter wave(mmWave), terahertz(THz),and optical frequency bands. Third, facing the big datasets generated by the use of extremely heterogeneous networks, diverse communication scenarios, large numbers of antennas, wide bandwidths, and new service requirements, 6G networks will enable a new range of smart applications with the aid of artificial intelligence(AI) and big data technologies. Fourth, network security will have to be strengthened when developing 6G networks. This article provides a comprehensive survey of recent advances and future trends in these four aspects. Clearly, 6G with additional technical requirements beyond those of 5G will enable faster and further communications to the extent t

关键词： 6G Vision network architecture air interface and transmission technologies space-air-ground-sea integrated network all spectra artificial intelligence network security.

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A Fractal Dimension Based Framework for Night Vision Fusion

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2019年第1期6卷 220-227页

作者： Gaurav Bhatnagar Q.M.Jonathan Wu IEEE the Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Windsor

In this paper, a novel fusion framework is proposed for night-Vision applications such as pedestrian recognition,vehicle navigation and surveillance. The underlying concept is to combine low-light visible and infrared imagery into a single output to enhance visual perception. The proposed framework is computationally simple since it is only realized in the spatial domain. The core idea is to obtain an initial fused image by averaging all the source images. The initial fused image is then enhanced by selecting the most salient features guided from the root mean square error(RMSE) and fractal dimension of the visual and infrared images to obtain the final fused image.Extensive experiments on different scene imaginary demonstrate that it is consistently superior to the conventional image fusion methods in terms of visual and quantitative evaluations.

关键词： Fractal dimension image fusion navigation and surveillance night Vision

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Responsiveness and minimal clinically important difference of the Chinese version of the Low Vision Quality of Life Questionnaire after cataract surgery

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第3期12卷 504-509页

作者： Wen-Wen Xue Pei Zhang Hai-Dong Zou Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai Eye Diseases Prevention and Treatment Center Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai General Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai Gonghui Hospital

AIM: To investigate the Chinese version of the Low Vision Quality of Life Questionnaire(CLVQOL) as an instrument for obtaining clinically important changes after cataract surgery.METHODS: Patients underwent cataract surgery in Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, who fit the inclusion criteria were recruited. Two CLVQOLs were administered, including a preoperative CLVQOL and a CLVQOL at the end of the 3 mo follow-up period, and were completed using face-to-face interviews or phone interviews conducted by trained investigators. The minimal clinically important difference(MCID) was calculated using an anchor-based method and a distribution method. In addition, the responsiveness of the questionnaire was measured.RESULTS: A total of 155 residents were enrolled. The average visual acuity(VA) preoperatively was 0.08(SD=0.05), and it increased to 0.47(SD=0.28) at the end of followup. Statistically significant positive changes in the CLVQOL scores indicated significant improvement of Vision related quality of life after cataract surgery. With the larger value between the two results as the final value, the MCID values of the CLVQOL(scores of the four scales as well as the total score) were 8.94, 2.61, 4.34, 3.10 and 17.63, respectively. The CLVQOL has both good internal and external responsiveness.CONCLUSION: CLVQOL scores are appropriate instruments for obtaining clinically important changes after cataract surgery. This study is an effective exploration for establishingcataract surgery efficacy standards, which helps clinical and scientific research workers in ophthalmology to gain a more in-depth understanding when using CLVQOL.

关键词： responsiveness minimal clinically important difference Chinese Version of the Low Vision Quality of Life Questionnaire Chinese

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How to improve Iranians' Vision health: on the national policy of preventing Iranians' blindness

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第1期12卷 114-122页

作者： Behzad Damari Alireza Mahdavi Maryam Hajian Neuroscience Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Ministry of Health and Medical Education Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences

AIM: To review Vision health situation of Iranian community, analyze its determinants, and discuss the adopted improvement strategies by the Iran Ministry of Health and Medical Education(MOHME). METHODS: This was a rapid situation analysis with a qualitative approach in three parts of recognition, orientation and implementation. The data were gathered via review of upstream documents, national and international experiences, and experts and stakeholders' opinions. RESULTS: Eradicating trachoma, increasing human resources, increasing educational and research centers and promotion of ophthalmic technologies were important achievements in the field of Vision health in Iran. Through these achievements, it seemed that the pattern of causes of blindness and low Vision was similar to that of the developed countries. However, the review of Iranians' Vision health indicators showed that a considerable percent of the blindness and low Vision was avoidable through a national program demanding 3 types of interventions in social determinants of health(SDH), community education, and increasing the access to health care services by integrating the necessary services in primary health care system. CONCLUSION: Managing the issue requires attentions from a national committee for preventing blindness with participation of all stakeholders, implementing a national survey on Vision health, preparation of the primary level health centers including employment and education of community health workers(Behvarzes), optometristsand general practitioners, fair distribution of specialized human resources and establishing at least one specialized center in each province for referring patients from the primary levels.

关键词： Vision health policy document primary health care

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A review of paediatric Vision screening protocols and guidelines

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第7期12卷 1194-1201页

作者： Uchenna C.Atowa Samuel O.Wajuihian Rekha Hansraj Discipline of Optometry University of KwaZulu-Natal

Vision screening plays an important role in the early detection of children who have or probably are predisposed to have specific visual problems. The validity and reliability of the screening batteries in relation to the age group to be screened, and the person administering the test as well as the referral and follow-up criteria contribute to the overall outcome of the Vision screening. Despite the long history of Vision screening and significant improvement in the development of screening protocols, no agreement exists concerning the age at which children should be screened, the exact test batteries that should be in eluded and who should conduct the screening. This review highlights some important aspects of the history of paediatric Vision screening and available evidence in support of their use to detect visual conditions in children. It also examines some of the barriers against the development of paediatric Vision screening models especially in low and medium income countries.

关键词： Vision screening children visual problems screening batteries

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Early outcomes of Vision and objective visual quality analysis after cataract surgery with trifocal intraocular lens implantation

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第10期12卷 1575-1581页

作者： Mei-Fang Chu Na Hui Cong-Yi Wang Lei Yu Bo Ma Yan Li Cheng Pei Ophthalmology Department Xi’an Fourth HospitalShaanxiOphthalmological HospitalXi’an710004Shaanxi ProvinceChina Ophthalmology Department First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’anJiaotong UniversityXi’an710061Shaanxi ProvinceChina

AIM: To investigate the early outcomes of Vision, objective visual quality and their correlation after cataract surgery with trifocal intraocular lens implantation.METHODS: The visual examination and objective visual quality analysis using Optical Quality Analysis System(OQAS) at 1 mo and 3 mo, and defocus curve examination at 3 mo were performed in 20 patients(27 eyes) after phacoemulsification combined with trifocal intraocular lens implantation surgery.RESULTS: The uncorrected distant(UD), intermediate and near visual acuity(VA) were significantly improved after surgery(PVision was close to 0 logMAR, and UDVA was lower than 0.3 logMAR in the range of-1.5 D to-3.0 D. The modulation transfer function(MTF) cutoff frequency, strehl ratio(SR), Optical Quality Analysis System values(OVs), includes OV100, OV20 and OV9 after the surgery were significantly better than before surgery(PVision shows a well correlation with objective visual quality during early surgery.

关键词： visual quality trifocal intraocular lens Vision correlation

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Functional outcome of the low Vision aids for visual impairment secondary to central nervous system tumors in children

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第10期12卷 1643-1648页

作者： Rania GE Zaki Reham F.Elshinawy Karim M.Naguib Department of Ophthalmology Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University

To assess functional outcomes of optical low Vision aids(LVAs) for pediatric visual impairment due to central nervous system(CNS) tumors. A prospective case study was conducted on 15 children with history of CNS tumors with mean age of 10.47±1.85 y. Lighthouse distance, near visual acuity tests, cycloplegic refraction, reading speed measurement and visual field examination were done. Prescription of far and near LVAs followed by training sessions. LVPrasad-functional Vision questionnaire was done to evaluate performance. Visual impairment was moderate(13.3%), severe(73.3%), profound(6.7%) and near blindness in 6.7%. Telescopes prescribed in 33.4%, video magnifier in 46.7%. Questionnaire scores were significantly improved for distant rather than near tasks(P≤0.05) after training. LVAs rehabilitation is an effective method of improving Vision in pediatric visual defects secondary to CNS tumors.

关键词： visual impairment low Vision aids central nervous system tumors

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