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Study on enzymes of industrial interest in digestive viscera: Greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili)

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2017年第6期5卷 233-238页

作者： Vagne Melo Oliveira Thiago PajeúNascimento Caio Rodrigo Dias Assis Ranilson de Souza Bezerra Ana Lúcia Figueiredo Porto Laboratory of Bioactive Product Technology–LABTECBIO Department of Morphology and Animal PhysiologyFederal Rural University of PernambucoRecife-PEBrazil Laboratory of Enzymology–LABENZ Department of BiochemistryFederal University of PernambucoRecife-PEBrazil Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami Federal University of PernambucoRecife-PEBrazil

Objective:To investigate the presence of industrial enzymes (trypsin and chymotrypsin) as well as collagenolytic and fibrinolytic activities of the neglected processing waste of greater amberjackSeriola dumerili(S. dumerili). Methods: The investigations on trypsin, chymotrypsin, collagenolytic and fibrinolytic activities in residues in digestive viscera were performed. The enzymes trypsin and chymotrypsin were physicochemically characterized (including pH- and thermo-stabilities and sensitivity to metal ions and inhibitors). The kinetic parameters were also determined. Collagenolytic and fibrinolytic activities of the crude extract were also investigated. Results:The crude extract ofS. dumerili showed enzymatic activity of (1.4600 ± 0.0011 and (0.7100 ± 0.0079) IU/mg protein for trypsin and chymotrypsin, respectively. The optimal temperature and pH was 60°C and 9 for trypsin and 40°C and 8 for chymotrypsin. The main inhibitory ions were in the following order: Fe3+> Cu2+> Zn2+> Cd2+> Hg2+ (trypsin) and Hg2+> Fe3+> Zn2+> Cd2+> Mn2+(chymotrypsin). TLCK and benzamidine were the strongest inhibitors for both enzymes. The crude extract also presented collagenolytic activity [(42.44 ± 0.01) IU/mg] and fibrinolytic activity ((26.70 ± 0.05) IU/mL)Conclusions:The crude extract ofS. dumerili showed potential for reuse of its residues and to provide biomolecules of industrial interest like trypsin and to be a source of fibrinolytic enzymes.

关键词： Biomolecules Enzymes Residues Digestive viscera

Isolation and Characterization of Enterococci Bacteriocinic Strains from Tunisian Fish viscera

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第6期4卷 701-708页

作者： Migaw Sarra Ghrairi Taoufik Le Chevalier Patrick Brillet Benjamin Fleury Yannick Hani Khaled Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et d’Ecologie Microbienne (EA3882) IFR148 ScInBioS Université de Brest Université Européenne de Bretagne IUT de Quimper 6 Rue de l’Université Quimper Cedex France. U12-ES03 Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine Ibn El Jazzar University of Sousse Sousse Tunisia

A collection of lactic acid bacteria isolates from fish viscera was studied and investigated regarding to their functional properties and safety aspects. From these, three isolates GM1, GM2 and GM3 were identified as Enterococcus feacium species using molecular methods. Partial Amplified rDNA Restriction Analysis (partial ARDRA) with restriction enzyme HaeIII separated these isolates into distinctive group which suggest genotypic variability within enterococci strains isolated from fish viscera. The three strains GM1, GM2 and GM3 exhibited antimicrobial activity. Indeed strains have been shown to produce bacteriocins with inhibitory effect against food spoilage bacteria and pathogenic fish including Carnobacterium maltaromaticum. The molecular mass of bacteriocin, as calculated by tricine-SDS-PAGE, was found to be 4.5 kDa. All isolates were tested positive upon PCR amplification of enterocin A structural gene. Investigations of antibiotic resistance show that the isolates were mostly sensitive to several antibiotics (ampicillin, penicillin, tetracycline, gentamycine) and resistance to rifampicin. All isolates grow in esculin azide agar as a selective medium for enumeration of probiotic enterococci. This study suggests that our strains can be employed as probiotic or to improve the safety of food products.

关键词： Bacteriocins Fish viscera Enterococcus Listeria Carnobacterium Probiotic

Influence of Salt Concentration on Histamine Formation in Fermented Tuna viscera (<i>Dayok</i>)

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2012年第2期3卷 201-206页

作者： Jesebel R. Besas Erlinda I. Dizon Department of Fisheries and Marine Science College of Fisheries and Marine Science Southern Philippines Agribusiness and Marine and Aquatic School of Technology Malita Philippines Institute of Food Science and Technology College of Agriculture University of the Philippine Los Banos College Laguna Philippines.

The formation of histamine in fermented tuna (Thunnus albacares) viscera (dayok) at different salt concentrations (10%, 17.5% and 25%) for 7 days at ambient temperature was investigated. Effect on chemical and microbiological changes on tuna viscera were monitored. Results demonstrated that the levels of pH, lactic acid, amino nitrogen and total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N) increased as time of dayok fermentation progressed. The total plate count and lactic acid bacteria count decreased with increasing salt concentration. Histamine levels decreased during fermentation as salt concentration increased. Histamine levels above FDA standard limit of 50 ppm are formed at low salt concentration (10%) with a total plate count of 107 cfu/g. Results revealed that application of salt concentration greater than 17% can minimize the formation of histamine.

关键词： Histamine Tuna viscera Fermentation

Sonographic Estimation of visceral Adipose Tissue in an African Population

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Health 2015年第5期7卷 653-658页

作者： Thomas Adejoh Idigo Felicitas Ugochinyere Sobechukwu Warric Iwene Onwuzu Nkubli Flavious Bobouin Alhamdu Sila Moi Radiology Department Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital Nnewi Nigeria Department of Medical Radiography and Radiological Sciences University of Nigeria Enugu Campus Enugu Nigeria Medical Imaging Unit Department of Medical Center University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria Department of Medical Radiography College of Medical Sciences University of Maiduguri Maiduguri Nigeria

Purpose: To establish normal values of sonographically-quantified visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in an African population and to correlate results with biomarkers. Patients and Methods: 100 male and 150 female volunteers were scanned for intra-abdominal adipose tissue thickness. Other parameters obtained include BMI, WC, and blood pressure (BP). Pearson correlation coefficient (r) was used to estimate the degree of relationship in VAT, BMI, WC, and blood pressure. Results: The mean VAT thickness was 25.36 ± 16.42 mm. VAT correlated positively and linearly with age (r = 0.651;p < 0.05), BMI (males: r = 0.745, p < 0.05, and females: r = 0.736;p < 0.05), WC (males: r = 0.797, p < 0.05;females: r = 0.779, p < 0.05), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. (Systolic: r = 0.524, p < 0.05, and diastolic: r = 0.535, p <0.05). Conclusion: Ultrasound is a useful tool in assessing VAT during routine scans to identify patients at risk of increased blood pressure and cardiac diseases associated with obesity.

关键词： Adipose Tissue Blood Pressure viscera Ultrasound

Pathogenic and pathological characteristic of new type gosling viral enteritis first observed in China

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2001年第5期7卷 678-684页

作者： An-Chun Cheng Ming-Shu Wang Xiao-Yue Chen Yu-Fei Guo Zhao-Yu Liu Peng-Fei Fang College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Sichuan Agricultural University,Xinkang Road,Yaan City 625014,Sichuan Province,China College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Sichuan Agricultural University Yaan 625014 Sichuan Province China. Chenganchun@***

AIM: To study the purifying method and characteristics of new gosling viral enteritis virus (NGVEV),the etiological agent of new gosling viral enteritis (NGVE) which was first recognized in China, as well as the pathomorphological development in goslings infected artificially with NGVEV. METHODS: (1)NGVEV virions were purified by the procedure of treatment with chloroform and ammonium sulfate precipitation, dialysis to remove the sulfate radical and ammonium ion and separation by gel filtration chromatography, and SDS-PAGE. (2)Forty-2-day-old White Sichuan goslings were orally administered with NGVEV and 24 hr later 2 birds were randomly selected and killed at 24hr intervals until death occurred. Specimens(duodenum, ileum, liver, heart, kidney, spleen, lung, proventriculus, pancreas, esophagus, and the intestinal embolus) were taken until all birds in this group died and were sectioned and stained with hemotoxylin and eosin and studied by light microscope. RESULTS: NGVEV shared the typical characteristics of Adenovirus and which structural proteins consisted of 15 polypeptides. Necrosis and sloughing of the epithelial cells covering the villus tips of the duodenum were first observed in goslings 2 days postinfection artificially with NGVEV. With the progress of infection, this lesion rapidly occurred in the epithelium at the base of the villus and with infiltration of the inflammatory cells, the jejunum tended to be involved. With the intensification of mucosa necrosis and inflammatory exudation of the small intestine, fibrinonecrotic enteritis was further developed and embolus composed of either intestinal contents wrapped by pseudo-membrane or of the mixture of fibrous exudate and necrotic intestinal mucosa were observed in the middle-lower part of the small intestine. This structure occluded the intestinal tract and made the intestine dilated in appearance. The intestinal glandular cells underwent degeneration, necrosis and might be found sloughed into the lumen.

关键词： Adenoviridae Animals Brain China DNA, Viral Enteritis Female Geese Inclusion Bodies, Viral Poultry Diseases Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Virulence viscera

Effect of polypeptide 2B1 on condition of dampness pattern in rats in terms of Traditional Chinese Medicine

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2014年第2期34卷 214-220页

作者： Zhangbin Yang Ting Xiang Shijun Zhang Hongrui Zhan Zexiong Chen Baoguo Sun Xiaoling Chen Jingli Shi Bin Ren Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University Department of Pharmacy the First Affiliated Hospital of SunYat-Sen University

OBJECTIVE： This study investigated how polypeptide 2B1 is involved in regulating and governing dampness in rat models with dampness pattern defined in terms of Traditional Chinese Medicine. METHODS： We randomly divided 48 SPF 10-week-old male Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats into a normal group, normal ＋ Aristolochic acid I （AA-I） for 5 min group, normal ＋ AA-I for 60 min group, dampness pattern group （DS-Group）, dampness pattern ＋ AA-I for 5 rain tern ＋ AA-I for 60 min group, and dampness pat- group. Groups were then treated accordingly. We took out the lung, stom- ach, liver, spleen, kidney, large intestine, and small intestine tissues to detect gene and protein expres- sion of organic anion transporter polypeptide 2B1 （OATP2B1）. RESULTS= Gene expression of OATP2B1 in spleen, kidney, and small intestine of rats with dampness pattern was lower than that in normal rats （P〈0.05）. The gene expressions of OATP2B1 in liver, stomach, large intestine, and small intestine were lower than that in control rats at different time points after being stimulated by AA-I （P〈0.05）. CONCLUSION There is coordination among multiple viscera in handling the condition of dampness, and the mechanism underlying the action may rely on regulating the expression of OATP2B1.

关键词： Medicine, Chinese traditional viscera Organic anion transporter polypeptide 2B1 Dampness pattern Aristolochic acid

Fatty Acid Composition in Freeze-Dried Chinese Mitten Crabs (<i>Eriocheir sinensis</i>)

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Open Journal of Marine Science 2012年第3期2卷 90-95页

作者： Lihong He Feng Li Junyong Tang Department of Cell Biology Medical College Soochow University Suzhou China

Freeze drying is reported to be the best method of dehydration. Live fresh Chinese mitten crabs (Eriocheir sinensis) were freeze dried. The moisture content, rehydration ratio, and fatty acid composition of freeze-dried crabs were analysed. The applicability of using freeze drying to process high-value E. sinensis, so as to prolong the time duration of their storage and marketing, were discussed. After lyophilisation, the average moisture content was 6%. The physical properties (shape, size, and colour) of the musculature and viscera were maintained well during freeze drying. The rehydration ratio was 2.15 when rehydrated for 30 min at room temperature. The levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, were higher in female freeze-dried crabs than in male crabs. After full rehydration, the fatty acid composition of freeze-dried crabs showed no significant differences to that of frozen crabs after thawing. In conclusion, freeze drying can well preserve the physical properties of the edible parts and fatty acid composition of the viscera in high-value E. sinensis. Rehydration has no destruction of the nutritional value regarding to the fatty acid composition. Therefore, freeze drying is a suitable technique for the processing of high-value E. sinensis.

关键词： Eriocheir sinensis Fatty Acid Composition Freeze Drying Frozen Storage Rehydration Ratio viscera

Applied Anatomy of Selective Arterial Cannulation

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Journal of Medical Colleges of PLA 1987年第3期 228-235页

作者：马富 Department of Anatomy First Military Medical College Guangzhou

Success of the cannulation of the selective arteriography depends uponthe familiarity with the applied anatomy of the selected artery as well as the skillof the *** author presents the correlative anatomical and numericaldata of the arteries supplying the brain,neck,spinal cord,thyroid,breast,gonad,abdominal wall and viscera of adult cadavers,for the benefit of clinicalarteriography and selective arterial cannulation.

关键词： selective arteriography applied anatomy arteries brain thyroid spinal cord breast viscera