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virus load and virus shedding of SARS-CoV-2 and their impact onpatient outcomes

World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第24期8卷 6252-6263页

作者： Pei-Fen Chen Xia-Xia Yu Yi-Peng Liu Di Ren Min Shen Bing-Sheng Huang Jun-Ling Gao heng-Yang Huang Ming Wu Wei-Yan Wang Li Chen Xia Shi Zhao-Qing Wang Ying-Xia Liu Lei Liu Yong Liu Department of Respiratory Diseases Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and ImmunityNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseaseState Key Discipline of Infectious DiseasesShenzhen Third People’s HospitalThe Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518114Guangdong ProvinceChina School of Biomedical Engineering Health Science CenterShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060Guangdong ProvinceChina Expert Panel of Shenzhen 2019-nCoV Pneumonia The Second People’s Hospital of ShenzhenShenzhen 518035Guangdong ProvinceChina Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseaseState Key Discipline of Infectious DiseasesShenzhen Third People’s HospitalThe Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518114Guangdong ProvinceChina Medical AI Laboratory School of Biomedical EngineeringHealth Science CentreShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060Guangdong ProvinceChina Buddhism and Science Research Laboratory Centre of Buddhist StudiesThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong 999077China ICU The Second People's Hospital of ShenzhenShenzhen 518035Guangdong ProvinceChina Expert Panel of Shenzhen 2019-nCoV Pneumonia Shenzhen HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityShenzhen 518000Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Understanding a virus shedding patterns in body fluids/secretions is importantto determine the samples to be used for diagnosis and to formulate infectioncontrol *** To investigate the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)shedding patterns and its risk *** All laboratory-confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 patients with completemedical records admitted to the Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital from January28, 2020 to March 8, 2020 were included. Among 145 patients (54.5% males;median age, 46.1 years), three (2.1%) died. The bronco-alveolar lavage fluid(BALF) had the highest virus load compared with the other samples. The viralload peaked at admission (3.3 × 108 copies) and sharply decreased 10 d *** The viral load was associated with prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) *** in the ICU had significantly longer shedding time compared to those inthe wards (P 60 years [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.6;95% confidenceinterval (CI): 0.4-0.9] was an independent risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 shedding,while chloroquine (HR = 22.8;95%CI: 2.3-224.6) was a protective *** BALF had the highest SARS-CoV-2 load. Elderly patients had higher virus loads,which was associated with a prolonged ICU stay. Chloroquine was associatedwith shorter shedding duration and increased the chance of viral negativity.

关键词： COVID-19 virus shedding Viral load Patient outcome China Infectious disease

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Combination of iron flocculation and qPCR for quantitative evaluation of virus-shedding intensity of goldfish Carassius auratus infected with cyprinid herpesvirus 2 in the water and the effect of sodium chlorite powder in blocking waterborne horizontal viral transmission

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第4期9卷 617-625页

作者： Yufei Zhai Fei Shen Hao Wang Liqun Lu National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai201306China Key Laboratory for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources at Shanghai Ocean University Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsShanghai201306China College of Fisheries and Life Science Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai201306China

Cyprinid herpesvirus 2(CyHV-2),a member of the Alloherpesviridae family belonging to the genus Cyprinivirus,was initially isolated from goldfish(Carassius auratus)and has been recently emerging as a virulent pathogen for cultured prussian carp(Carassius auratus gibelio)*** this study,a novel and effective method for concentration and quantification of live CyHV-2 virions from water was successfully established through coupling the iron flocculation with real time qPCR ***,the shedding intensity of CyHV-2 in fish-tank water from artificially-challenged goldfish(25 fish/20 L)was monitored continuously for 7 days on a daily basis through quantitating viral genomic copy numbers by qPCR,and the maximum shedding level was determined to be 105 copies/*** transmission research system was established by inoculating healthy goldfish in water spiked with serial dilution of CyHV-2 virions ranging from 107 to 103 copies/*** results indicated that water-borne CyHV-2 efficiently caused the infection of tested goldfish even in a concentration of 103 copies/L,and the overall transmission efficacy was not linearly correlated with the level of input virus in the fish *** disinfectant Composite Sodium Chlorite Powder(CSCP)has been widely applied in aquaculture to control microbial infection through direct spill in the water,and its effect in inactivating the CyHV-2 infectivity remains *** further determined that the EC50 of CSCP against 3.89 TCID50/mL CyHV-2 was close to 15.625μg/mL in vitro,and application of CSCP in a level as high as 60μg/mL(the safety concentration of CSCP for goldfish)couldn’t protect goldfish from CyHV-2 challenge through ***,the disinfectant CSCP was regarded as none-effective for blocking CyHV-2 transmission in water during ***,our data provided quantitative data to demonstrate the shedding intensity of CyHV-2 in water,and CSCP was shown to be not effective in blocking water-borne horizontal

关键词： Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 Iron flocculation virus shedding Water-borne horizontal transmission Composite sodium chlorite powder

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