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Exposure to blast shock waves via the ear canal induces deficits in vestibular afferent function in rats

Journal of Otology 2020年第3期15卷 77-85页

作者： Yue Yu Jun Huang Xuehui Tang Jerome Allison David Sandlin Dalian Ding Yi Pang Chunming Zhang Tianwen Chen Nathan Yin Lan Chen William Mustain Wu Zhou Hong Zhu Departmant of Otolaryngology and Communicative Sciences University of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMSUSA Department of Neurobiology and Anatomical Sciences University of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMSUSA Department of Pediatric University of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMSUSA Program in Neuroscience University of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMSUSA Center for Hearing and Deafness University at BuffaloBuffaloNYUSA Department of Otolaryngology First Affiliated HospitalShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan Shanxi030001China Department of Neurology University of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMSUSA

The ears are air-filled structures that are directly impacted during blast exposure.In addition to hearing loss and tinnitus,blast victims often complain of vertigo,dizziness and unsteady posture,suggesting that blast exposure induces damage to the vestibular end organs in the inner ear.However,the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated.In this report,single vestibular afferent activity and the vestibuloocular reflex(VOR)were investigated before and after exposure to blast shock waves(~20 PSI)delivered into the left external ear canals of anesthetized rats.Single vestibular afferent activity was recorded from the superior branch of the left vestibular nerves of the blast-treated and control rats one day after blast exposure.Blast exposure reduced the spontaneous discharge rates of the otolith and canal afferents.Blast exposure also reduced the sensitivity of irregular canal afferents to sinusoidal head rotation at 0.5e2Hz.Blast exposure,however,resulted in few changes in the VOR responses to sinusoidal head rotation and translation.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first study that reports blast exposure-induced damage to vestibular afferents in an animal model.These results provide insights that may be helpful in developing biomarkers for early diagnosis of blast-induced vestibular deficits in military and civilian populations.

关键词： Primary blast injury vestibular end organ Vestibulo-ocular reflex vestibular afferent vestibular hair cell

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