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Seasonal variations of mass absorption efficiency of elemental carbon in PM_(2.5) in urban Guangzhou of South China

环境科学学报:英文版 2023年第11期133卷 83-92页

作者： Chenglei Pei Yunfei Wu Jun Tao Leiming Zhang Tao Zhang Runqi Zhang Sheng Li State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science Guangzhou 510640China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Guangzhou Sub-branch of Guangdong Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center Guangzhou 518049China Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Institute for Environmental and Climate Research Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Air Quality Research Division Science and Technology BranchEnvironment and Climate Change CanadaTorontoCanada Guangdong Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center Guangzhou 510308China

This study investigates seasonal variations of mass absorption efficiency of elemental carbon(MAE_(EC))and possible influencing factors in urban Guangzhou of South China.Mass concentrations of elemental carbon(EC)and organic carbon(OC)in PM_(2.5) and aerosol absorption coefficient(b_(ap))at multi-wavelengths were simultaneously measured in four seasons of 2018-2019 at hourly resolution by a semi-continuous carbon analyzer and an aethalometer.Seasonal average mass concentrations of EC were in the range of 1.36-1.70μgC/m^(3) with a lower value in summer than in the other seasons,while those of OC were in the range of 4.70–6.49μgC/m^(3) with the lowest value in summer and the highest in autumn.vehicle exhaust from local traffic was identified to be the predominant source of carbonaceous aerosols.The average aerosol absorption Angstrom exponents(AAE)were lower than 1.2 in four seasons,indicating EC and b_(ap) were closely related with vehicle exhaust.Seasonal MAE EC at 550 nm was 11.0,8.5,10.4 and 11.3 m^(2)/g in spring,summer,autumn,and winter,respectively.High MAE EC was related with the high mass ratio of non-carbonaceous aerosols to EC and high ambient relative humidity.

关键词： vehicle exhaust Non-carbonaceous aerosols Absorption enhancement Relative humidity

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High impact of vehicle and solvent emission on the ambient volatile organic compounds in a major city of northwest China

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2022年第5期33卷 2753-2756页

作者： Yonggang Xue Liqin Wang Suixin Liu Yu Huang Long Chen Long Cui Yan Cheng Junji Cao State Key Lab of Loess and Quaternary Geology(SKLLQG) Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Xi’an 710061China CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change Xi’an 710061China Guanzhong Plain Ecological Environment Change and Comprehensive Treatment National Observation and Research Station Xi’an 710061China School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

Monitoring of ambient volatile organic compounds(VOCs)was conducted within typical residentialcommercial area in the city of Xi’an in northwest China during typical ozone(O_(3))episodes,to investigate the major contributors to the characteristic of ambient VOCs and their impact on O_(3) production.In the residential-commercial area,diurnal variation of VOCs was highly impacted by vehicle exhaust,fuel evaporation,and local solvent use.Relative higher contributions(up to 60%)of VOCs from solvent use to the ozone formation potential were found.The present findings highlight the urgent need for restrictions on the emission of VOCs from solvent use and non-vehicle-traffic-related sources,such as oil storage.

关键词： VOCs vehicle exhaust Fuel evaporation Solvent using Northwest China

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PAHs pollution from traffic sources in air of Hangzhou, China: Trend and influencing factors

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2005年第3期17卷 365-370页

作者： ZHULi-zhong WANGJing DepartmentofEnvironmentalScience ZhejiangUniversityHangzhou310028China DepartmentofEnvironmentalScience ZhejiangUniversityHangzhou310028China／／ZhejiangEnvironmentalMonitoringCentreHangzhou310012China

PAHs pollution in air of arterial roads was investigated from October 1998 to October 2001 in Hangzhou, China. The results showed that Σ10 PAHs was 13—36 μg/m3, among which, BaP, a strong carcinogenic kind ranged from 0.034 μg/m3 to 0.12 μg/m3. PAHs pollutions in four seasons were winter>autumn>spring-summer. The annual averages of ΣPAHs concentration were 25 μg/m3 for 1999, 28 μg/m3 for 2000, and 29 μg/m3 for 2001, respectively. Leaded gasoline was banned in December 1998 in Hangzhou, thus comparative measurements with PAHs in leaded and lead-free gasoline powered motor exhausts made it certain that the use of lead-free gasoline leaded to a heavier PAHs pollution in roadside air from December, 1998, in China, and ΣPAHs in air samples after the lead-banning were more than twice of that in samples before the action. For the large contribution of vehicle discharge to air pollution in roadside, further research was performed to suggest the factors influencing PAHs distribution in vehicle exhaust in order to control air pollution effectively. Compared to gasoline engines, emissions from diesel engines were less toxic, although they might produce more PAHs. Of the same vehicular and oil type, automobiles of longer mileages produced more toxic PAHs. PAHs distributions in the vehicular exhausts were related to the oil type. Large difference was found in the abundance of 3-, 5- and 6-ring PAHs between exhausts from gasoline and diesel oil engines. Diesel oil engines produced relative lighter PAHs such as NAPH, ACEN, FLUOR, while gasoline engines emitted heavier kinds such as BkF, IN and BP. The automobile produced more PAHs with the increase of mileage especially FLUR, PY, BaP, BP. Some significant ratios for traffic source in Hangzhou such as PHEN/AN, FLUR/PY, IN/BP were 0.50—4.3, 0.58—7.4, 0.51—1.5, respectively. A source fingerprint for vehicle exhausts of a mixture of vehicle and oil types in the city district for light-duty vehicle was the abundance of BaA, followed by NAPH, BP, IN. 4-ring PAHs such as FLUR, PY, Ba

关键词： PAHs influencing factors vehicle exhaust air pollution

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Commuter exposure to BTEX in public transportation modes in Bangkok, Thailand

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第3期22卷 397-404页

作者： Maneerat Ongwandee Orathai Chavalparit Faculty of Engineering Mahasarakham University Department of Environmental Engineering Chulalongkorn University

Measurements and monitoring of volatile organic compounds （VOCs） have been conducted in the metropolitan Bangkok. However, in-vehicle levels of VOCs are still lacking. This study investigated VOCs concentrations in four public transportation modes in Bangkok, Thailand during two rush hour periods （7：00–9：00 a.m. and 4：00–7：00 p.m.）. The four modes included an air-conditioned bus （A/C bus）, non-air-conditioned bus （non-A/C bus）, electric sky train, and a passenger boat traveling along the canal. Comparison among three important bus routes was also studied. In-vehicle air samples were collected using charcoal sorbent tubes and then analyzed by a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer. Results showed that the transportation modes significantly influenced the abundance of in-vehicle benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and m,p-xylene （BTEX）. Median concentrations of BTEX were 11.7, 103, 11.7, and 42.8 μg/m3 in A/C bus; 37.1, 174, 14.7, and 55.4 μg/m3 in non-A/C bus; 2.0, 36.9, 0.5, and 0.5 μg/m3 in sky train; and 3.1, 58.5, 0.5, and 6.2 μg/m3 in boat, respectively. Wilcoxon rank sum test indicated that toluene and m,p-xylene in the sky trains were statistically lower than that in the other three modes at a p-value of 0.05. There were statistical differences in TEX concentrations among the bus routes in the non-A/C buses. In addition, the benzene to toluene ratios implied that tail-pipe emissions were important contributor to the abundance of in-vehicle VOCs.

关键词： benzene public transportation commuting vehicle exhaust

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Effects of the Adjustment of Energy Structure on 24-h Average of NO_2 Concentration in Different Regions of Urumqi City in Winter

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Meteorological and Environmental Research 2013年第5期4卷 26-29页

作者： Nuorsaolie Jiang Wei Xinjiang Academy of Environmental Protection Sciences School of Resources & Environment Science Xinjiang University

[ Objective] The study aimed to discuss the effects of the adjustment of energy structure on daily average concentration of NO2 in different regions of Urumqi city in winter. [ Method] The changes of daily average concentration of NO2 in different areas of Urumqi City from January to February （ NO2 pollution was most serious） before and after the implementation of the project ＂changing coal to gas＂ were analyzed. [ Result] After the implementation of the project, daily average concentration of NO2 in different areas of Urumqi City was increased due to the rapid increase of ve- hicle quantity, but there were certain differences in the increase among various regions. From south to north, daily average concentration of NO2 in winter was decreased gradually, that is, daily average concentration of NO2 was the highest in the south area, while in the north area, it didn＇t change significantly before and after the implementation of the project, but it was still high. Therefore, the local government should pay more attention to pollution NO2 during environmental management process. [ Conclusion] The research could provide scientific references for the control of atmospheric pollution in future.

关键词： Changing coal to gas vehicle exhaust Air pollution Spatial distribution NO2 concentration China

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