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Rainfall amount determines annual herb controls over soil seed bank and its similarity with vegetation in the Tengger Desert

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Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 27-37页

作者： Ya‑Fei Shi Zeng‑Ru Wang Bing‑Xin Xu Jian‑Qiang Huo Rui Hu Yang Zhao Zhi‑Shan Zhang Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station Northwest Institute of Eco‑Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLan‑zhou 730000Gansu ProvincePeople’s Republic of China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro‑Ecosystems Key Laboratory of Grass‑land Livestock Industry InnovationMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsEngineering Research Center of Grassland IndustryMinistry of EducationCollege of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730020Gansu ProvincePeople’s Republic of China

Background:Soil seed banks may offer great potential for maintaining and restoring desert ecosystems that have been degraded by climate change and anthropogenic disturbance.However,few studies have explored the year‑to‑year dynamics in the species composition(richness and abundance)of these desert soil seed banks.Thus,we conducted a 4‑year study to assess the effects of environmental factors(meteorology and microtopography)and aboveground vegetation on the soil seed bank of the Tengger Desert,China.Results:We found the seed bank was dominated by annual herb species both in species richness and abundance.More rainfall in the growing season increased the number of seeds in the soil seed bank,and quadrat micro‑elevation had a negative effect on soil seed bank size.The species composition in the seed bank had significantly larger between‑year similarity than that in the aboveground vegetation due to the dominance of annual herb species.For different life forms,the species composition of annual herbs showed distinctly larger temporal similarity between the aboveground vegetation and the seed bank compared with perennial herbs and shrubs.Conclusions:Our findings highlight that the combined effects of environmental factors and plant life forms deter‑mine the species composition(especially the abundance)of soil seed banks in deserts.However,if degraded desert ecosystems are left to regenerate naturally,the lack of shrub and perennial herb seeds could crucially limit their restoration.Human intervention and management may have to be applied to enhance the seed abundance of perennial lifeforms in degraded deserts.

关键词： Desert ecosystem Seed bank dynamics Rainfall Plant type Vegetation regeneration Annual herbs

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Effects of wind speed,underlying surface,and seed morphological traits on the secondary seed dispersal in the Tengger Desert,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第4期16卷 531-549页

作者： QU Wenjie ZHAO Wenzhi YANG Xinguo WANG Lei ZHANG Xue QU Jianjun Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Key Laboratory of Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystems in Northwestern China of Ministry of Education Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Ecology and Environment Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China

The maintenance of sand-fixing vegetation is important for the stability of artificial sand-fixing systems in which seed dispersal plays a key role.Based on field wind tunnel experiments using 11 common plant species on the southeastern edge of the Tengger Desert,China,we studied the secondary seed dispersal in the fixed and semi-fixed sand dunes as well as in the mobile dunes in order to understand the limitations of Vegetation regeneration and the maintenance of its stability.Our results indicated that there were significant variations among the selected 11 plant species in the threshold of wind speed(TWS).The TWS of Caragana korshinskii was the highest among the 11 plant species,whereas that of Echinops gmelinii was the lowest.Seed morphological traits and underlying surface could generally explain the TWS.During the secondary seed dispersal processes,the proportions of seeds that did not disperse(no dispersal)and only dispersed over short distance(short-distance dispersal within the wind tunnel test section)were significantly higher than those of seeds that were buried(including lost seeds)and dispersed over long distance(long-distance dispersal beyond the wind tunnel test section).Compared with other habitats,the mobile dunes were the most difficult places for secondary seed dispersal.Buried seeds were the easiest to be found in the semi-fixed sand dunes,whereas fixed sand dunes were the best sites for seeds that dispersed over long distance.The results of linear mixed models showed that after controlling the dispersal distance,smaller and rounder seeds dispersed farther.Shape index and wind speed were the two significant influencing factors on the burial of seeds.The explanatory power of wind speed,underlying surface,and seed morphological traits on the seeds that did not disperse and dispersed over short distance was far greater than that on the seeds that were buried and dispersed over long distance,implying that the processes and mechanisms of burial and long-distance dispersal are more complex.In summar

关键词： seed dispersal seed morphological traits wind speed Vegetation regeneration wind tunnel Tengger Desert

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Characteristics of soil seed bank in plantation forest in the rocky mountain region of Beijing, China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第1期24卷 91-97页

作者： HU Zeng-hui YANG Yang LENG Ping-sheng DOU De-quan ZHANG Bo HOU Bing-fei Garden Department Beijing University of Agriculture

We investigated characteristics （scales and composition） of soil seed banks at eight study sites in the rocky mountain region of Beijing by seed identification and germination monitoring. We also surveyed the vegetation communities at the eight study sites to explore the role of soil seed banks in vegetation restoration. The storage capacity of soil seed banks at the eight sites ranked from 766.26 to 2461.92 seeds·m？2. A total of 23 plant species were found in soil seed banks, of which 63–80% of seeds were herbs in various soil layers and 60% of seeds were located in the soil layer at 0–5 cm depth. Biodiversity indices indicated clear differences in species diversity of soil seed banks among different plant communities. The species composition of aboveground vegetation showed low similarity with that based on soil seed banks. In the aboveground plant community, the afforestation tree species showed high importance values. The plant species originating from soil seed banks represented natural regeneration, which also showed relatively high importance values. This study suggests that in the rocky mountain region of Beijing the soil seed banks played a key role in the transformation from pure plantation forest to near-natural forest, promoting natural ecological processes, and the role of the seed banks in vegetation restoration was important to the improvement of ecological restoration methods.

关键词： Rocky mountain region of Beijing soil seed bank plantcommunity plant diversity Vegetation regeneration

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