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Soil erosion differences in paired grassland and forestland catchments on the Chinese Loess Plateau

Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第5期20卷 1336-1348页

作者： YANG Si-qi LUO Da HAN Hao JIN Zhao Interdisciplinary Research Center of Earth Science Frontier State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource EcologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Geology Engineering and Geomatics Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710054China National Observation and Research Station of Earth Critical Zone on the Loess Plateau of Shaanxi Xi’an 710061China

In this study,two adjacent gauged catchments on the Chinese Loess Plateau were selected,in which one catchment was afforested and one was restored with natural vegetation in 1954.The distributions of soil erosion rates were estimated between 2010 and 2020 with a high spatial resolution of 2 m in the paired catchments based on the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation model(RUSLE)and Geographic Information Systems(GIS).The results showed that the simulated soil erosion rates in 2010-2020 averaged 12.58 and 8.56 t ha^(-1)a^(-1)for the grassland and forestland catchment,respectively.Moreover,areas with high soil erosion rates(>80t ha^(-1)a^(-1))were mainly distributed in the topography with steep slope gradients(>45°).Comparisons between simulated soil erosion rates and observed annual sediment loads indicated that the simulation results of the grassland catchment were lower than the observed values,while it was reversed in the forestland catchment.We conclude that the RUSLE model cannot simulate the gravity erosion induced by extreme rainfall events.For the forestland catchment,insufficient streamflow and dense vegetation coverage are crucial factors resulting in hindering the movement of sediments.

关键词： Catchment comparison Soil erosion RUSLE model vegetation effect Topography effect Spatial analysis

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Estimation of Shallow Landslide Susceptibility Incorporating the Impacts of vegetation on Slope Stability

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2023年第4期14卷 618-635页

作者： Hu Jiang Qiang Zou Bin Zhou Yao Jiang Junfang Cui Hongkun Yao Wentao Zhou Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Process Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment(IMHE)Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Chengdu 610041China China-Pakistan Joint Research Center on Earth Sciences Islamabad 45320Pakistan University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

This study aimed to develop a physical-based approach for predicting the spatial likelihood of shallow landslides at the regional scale in a transition zone with extreme topography.Shallow landslide susceptibility study in an area with diverse vegetation types as well as distinctive geographic factors(such as steep terrain,fractured rocks,and joints)that dominate the occurrence of shallow landslides is challenging.This article presents a novel methodology for comprehensively assessing shallow landslide susceptibility,taking into account both the positive and negative impacts of plants.This includes considering the positive efects of vegetation canopy interception and plant root reinforcement,as well as the negative efects of plant gravity loading and preferential fow of root systems.This approach was applied to simulate the regional-scale shallow landslide susceptibility in the Dadu River Basin,a transition zone with rapidly changing terrain,uplifting from the Sichuan Plain to the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau.The research fndings suggest that:(1)The proposed methodology is efective and capable of assessing shallow landslide susceptibility in the study area;(2)the proposed model performs better than the traditional pseudo-static analysis method(TPSA)model,with 9.93%higher accuracy and 5.59%higher area under the curve;and(3)when the ratio of vegetation weight loads to unstable soil mass weight is high,an increase in vegetation biomass tends to be advantageous for slope stability.The study also mapped the spatial distribution of shallow landslide susceptibility in the study area,which can be used in disaster prevention,mitigation,and risk management.

关键词： Physical-based model Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Shallow landslide Susceptibility analysis vegetation effect

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