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Worldwide impacts of atmospheric vapor pressure deficit on the interannual variability of terrestrial carbon sinks

National Science Review 2022年第4期9卷 33-40页

作者： Bin He Chen Chen Shangrong Lin Wenping Yuan Hans W.Chen Deliang Chen Yafeng Zhang Lanlan Guo Xiang Zhao Xuebang Liu Shilong Piao Ziqian Zhong Rui Wang Rui Tang State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology College of Global Change and Earth System ScienceBeijing Normal University Department of Application Research Twenty First Century Aerospace Technology Co.Ltd. School of Atmospheric Sciences Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai)Sun Yat-sen University Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science Lund University Regional Climate Group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of Gothenburg Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management School of GeographyBeijing Normal University State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal University Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking University

Interannual variability of the terrestrial ecosystem carbon sink is substantially regulated by various environmental variables and highly dominates the interannual variation of atmospheric carbon dioxide(CO2) ***,it is necessary to determine dominating factors affecting the interannual variability of the carbon sink to improve our capability of predicting future terrestrial carbon *** global datasets derived from machine-learning methods and process-based ecosystem models,this study reveals that the inter annual variability of the atmospheric vapor pressure deficit(VPD) was significantly negatively correlated with net ecosystem production(NEP) and substantially impacted the inter annual variability of the atmospheric CO2growth rate(CGR).Further analyses found widespread constraints of VPD interannual variability on terrestrial gross primary production(GPP),causing VPD to impact NEP and *** correlation analysis confirms the persistent and widespread impacts of VPD on terrestrial carbon sinks compared to other environmental *** Earth system models underestimate the interannual variability in VPD and its impacts on GPP and *** results highlight the importance of VPD for terrestrial carbon sinks in assessing ecosystems’ responses to future climate conditions.

关键词： vapor pressure deficit net ecosystem production gross vegetation production carbon dioxide concentration

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The decadal abrupt change in the global land vapor pressure deficit

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第7期66卷 1521-1534页

作者： Mengqi CHENG Zhiyan ZUO Zouxing LIN Qinglong YOU Huan WANG Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Institute of Atmospheric SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China The Faculty Geography Resource Sciences Sichuan Normal UniversityChengdu 610101China Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Atmosphere-Ocean Interaction Shanghai 200438China National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary Shanghai 202183China

The vapor pressure deficit(VPD) is an important variable used to characterize atmospheric *** paper analyses the spatial and temporal characteristics of the decadal abrupt change(DAC) in the global land VPD after 1980 using monthly scale data from the Climatic Research *** results show that 60.5% of the global land area underwent a significantly increased decadal abrupt change(IDAC) in the VPD,and the persistent IDAC of the VPD was obvious in the middle and low latitudes of Eurasia,Africa and parts of South America but not in central North America or Western *** 1980 to 2020,most regions experienced no more than two persistent IDACs,while more than two significant increases occurred mainly around the Mediterranean and in eastern South *** persistent IDAC occurred relatively early in the middle and low latitudes of Eurasia,Africa,and eastern South America and after 2000 in the high latitude regions,Eastern Europe,and near the Qinghai-Tibet *** regions where the persistent IDAC lasted longer than 10 years mainly included North Africa,West Asia,eastern South America,and parts of East Asia,indicating that the persistent increases in atmospheric aridity in these regions were *** general,the persistent IDAC that began in 1993–2000 was significantly more than that occurred in other periods and lasted longer than that before 1990,suggesting that the land area experiencing an abrupt increase has an expansion after the 1990s and that the role of water limitation in this persistent IDAC in Central Asia and most of China *** addition,the VPD showed another large-scale persistent IDAC over the global land region in 2009,indicating that global atmospheric aridity intensified over the last *** the same time,in a few global regions,the VPD has exhibited decreased decadal abrupt changes(DDACs) with durations shorter than 2 years.

关键词： vapor pressure deficit Atmospheric aridity Decadal abrupt changes Spatial and temporal characteristics

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Response of stomatal conductance of two tree species to vapor pressure deficit in three climate zones

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Journal of Arid Land 2014年第6期6卷 771-781页

作者： Jing LI XiaoMing LI School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shandong University

Stomatal behavior is a central topic of plant ecophysiological research under global environmental change. However, the physiological mechanism controlling the response of stomata to vapor pressure deficit （VPD） or relative humidity （RH） has been inadequately understood till now. In this study, responses of stomatal conduc- tance （gs） to VPD in two species of trees （Fraxinus chinensis Roxb., Populus alba L. var. pyramidalis Bge.）in three different climate zones （Jinan with typical warm humid/semi-humid climate, Urumqi with temperate continental arid climate and Turpan with extreme arid desert climate） were measured. Levels of two phytohormones （abscisic acid, ABA; indole-3-acetic acid, IAA） in the leaves of the two tree species at these three sites were also measured by high performance liquid chromatography. The results showed that the responses of gs to an increasing VPD in these two tree species at the three sites had peak curves which could be fitted with a Log Normal Model （gs=***（-O.5（In（DIc）lb）2）. The VPD/RH values corresponding to the maximum g, can be calculated using the fitting models for the two tree species in the three sites. We found that the calculated g, -VPD correlated nega- tively with relative air humidity in the three sites during the plant growth period （April to October 2010）, which showed the values of g,-max-VPD were related to the climate conditions. The prevailing empirical stomatal model （Leuning model） and optimal stomatal behavior model could not properly simulate our measured data. The water use efficiency in the two tree species did not show obvious differences under three very different climatic conditions, but the highest gs, photosynthetic and transpiration rates occurred in P. alba var. of Turpan. The sensitivity in re- sponse of g~ to VPD in leaves of the two trees showed positive correlations with the concentration of ABA, which implied that ABA level could be used as an indicator of the sensitivity of stomatal response to VPD

关键词： abscisic acid relative humidity stomatal conductance stomatal model vapor pressure deficit

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Spatial and Temporal Changes in vapor pressure deficit and Their Impacts on Crop Yields in China during 1980–2008

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2017年第4期31卷 800-808页

作者： Shuai ZHANG Fulu TAO Zhao ZHANG Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal University

vapor pressure deficit（VPD） is a widely used measure of atmospheric water demand. It is closely related to crop evapotranspiration and consequently has major impacts on crop growth and yields. Most previous studies have focused on the impacts of temperature, precipitation, and solar radiation on crop yields, but the impact of VPD is poorly understood. Here, we investigated the spatial and temporal changes in VPD and their impacts on yields of major crops in China from 1980 to 2008. The results showed that VPD during the growing period of rice, maize, and soybean increased by more than 0.10kPa（10 yr）^–1 in northeastern and southeastern China, although it increased the least during the wheat growing period. Increases in VPD had different impacts on yields for different crops and in different regions. Crop yields generally decreased due to increased VPD, except for wheat in southeastern China. Maize yield was sensitive to VPD in more counties than other crops. Soybean was the most sensitive and rice was the least sensitive to VPD among the major crops. In the past three decades, due to the rising trend in VPD, wheat, maize, and soybean yields declined by more than 10.0% in parts of northeastern China and the North China Plain, while rice yields were little affected. For China as a whole, the trend in VPD during 1980–2008 increased rice yields by 1.32%,but reduced wheat, maize, and soybean yields by 6.02%, 3.19%, and 7.07%, respectively. Maize and soybean in the arid and semi-arid regions in northern China were more sensitive to the increase in VPD. These findings highlight that climate change can affect crop growth and yield through increasing VPD, and water-saving technologies and agronomic management need to be strongly encouraged to adapt to ongoing climate change.

关键词： agriculture climate change vapor pressure deficit evapotranspiration water stress

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Higher plant photosynthetic capability in autumn responding to low atmospheric vapor pressure deficit

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The Innovation 2021年第4期2卷 74-81页

作者： Yawen Wang Wenfang Xu Wenping Yuan Xiuzhi Chen Bingwei Zhang Lei Fan Bin He Zhongmin Hu Shuguang Liu Wei Liu Shilong Piao Physical Oceanography Laboratory College of Oceanic and Atmospheric SciencesOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China School of Atmospheric Sciences Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Zhuhai Branch of State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal University at ZhuhaiZhuhai 519087China School of Geographical Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China College of Global Change and Earth System Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100038China School of Geography South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510631China National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry&Ecology in South China and College of Biological Science and Technology Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

It has been long established that the terrestrial vegetation in spring has stronger photosynthetic capability than in ***,this study challenges this consensus by comparing photosynthetic capability of terrestrial vegetation between the spring and autumn seasons based on measurements of 100 in situ eddy covariance towers over global extratropical *** the majority of these sites,photosynthetic capability,indicated by light use efficiency(LUE)and apparent quantum efficiency,is significantly higher in autumn than in spring,due to lower atmosphere vapor pressure deficit(VPD)at the same air *** VPD differences also substantially explain the interannual variability of the differences in photosynthetic capability between spring and *** further reveal that VPD in autumn is significantly lower than in spring over 74.14% of extratropical areas,based on a global climate *** contrast,LUE derived from a data-driven vegetation production dataset is significantly higher in autumn in over 61.02% of extratropical vegetated *** Earth system models consistently projected continuous larger VPD values in spring compared with autumn,which implies that the impacts on vegetation growth will long exist and should be adequately considered when assessing the seasonal responses of terrestrial ecosystems to future climate conditions.

关键词： light use efficiency vapor pressure deficit vegetation index carbon cycle

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Clipping Effect on Growth and Plant Water Use Response to Diurnal Variation of vapor pressure deficit in Cenchrus biflorus Roxb

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2024年第2期13卷 183-191页

作者： Moussa Oumarou Abdoulaye Issoufou Hassane Bil-Assanou Soulé Moussa Mainassara Zaman-Allah Laboratory Ecology and Management of Sahelo-Saharan Biodiversity Department of Biology Faculty of Science and Techniques Andr&#233 Salifou University Zinder Niger Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Dan Dicko Dankoulodo University of Maradi Maradi Niger Department of Science and Technology of Plant Production Faculty of Agronomy and Environmental Sciences Dan Dicko Dankoulodo University of Maradi Maradi Niger

Cenchrus biflorus called Karangiya in the Hausa language is an annual pastoral grass which is a valuable herbaceous fodder in dry land region in the context of climate change. However, little is known about the plant water use under the effects of cut in West Africa Sahel like Niger where the plant is a multipurpose grass species. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of grazing (simulated by shoot cuts) on biomass production. Cenchrus biflorus Roxb was grown on field plots and in pots and subjected to shoot cuts at different levels (3 cm and 5 cm from soil surface). The effect of shoot cuts on drought tolerance was evaluated by assessing the response of transpiration to the diurnal variation of vapor pressure deficit (VPD). Results showed that the biomass production varied in response to shoot cuts depending on the culture system, and the level or frequency of cuts. The mean biomass production increased significantly especially in field plots for 5 cm cuts compared to those at 3 cm and the control treatment. In addition, transpiration was highly increased in response to the VPD increase. Shoot cuts significantly reduced transpiration, whatever the level, largely because they reduced leaf surface. We concluded that moderate grazing (cuts to 5cm) can improve biomass production and allow better adaptation to water deficit as they significantly reduced water loss through transpiration. The study recommends the cropping of the Cenchrus biflorus as climate solution as it performs better under water deficit for improving grazing resilience in Niger.

关键词： Cenchrus biflorus Biomass vapor pressure deficit Cutting Grazing

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Transpiration and growth responses by Eucalyptus species to progressive soil drying

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第5期33卷 1529-1543页

作者： Marcel Carvalho Abreu Alvaro Augusto Vieira Soares Cleverson Henrique de Freitas Fabrina Bolzan Martins Department of Environment Science Forest InstituteFederal Rural University of Rio de JaneiroSeropédicaRio de Janeiro 23890-000Brazil Institute of Agricultural Sciences Federal University of UberlândiaMonte CarmeloMinas Gerais 38405-302Brazil “Luiz de Queiroz”College of Agriculture University of São PauloPiracicabaSão Paulo 13418-900Brazil Natural Resources Institute Federal University of ItajubáItajubáMinas Gerais 37500-903Brazil

The regulation of plant transpiration is a key factor affecting transpiration efficiency, growth and adaptation of Eucalyptus species to limited water availability in tropical and subtropical environments. However, few studies have related this trait to the performance of Eucalyptus seedlings and none have investigated the influence of vapor pressure deficit (VPD) on transpiration rates and growth. In this study, the transpiration and growth responses of seedlings of Eucalyptus urophylla (S.T. Blake) and Eucalyptus cloeziana (F. Muell.) to progressive soil water deficits were evaluated under semi-controlled conditions using the fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW) method. In addition, the influence of VPD on seedling transpiration, development and growth was also investigated. The FTSW threshold ranged from 0.40 to 0.99 for the transpiration rate and from 0.32 to 0.97 for the development and growth variables. Little or no changes in the FTSW threshold were detected in response to changes in atmospheric VPD. Both Eucalyptus species presented a conservation strategy under drought stress. In addition, water-conserving mechanisms during the seedling phase were related to rapid stomatal closure, reduced leaf area, and number of leaves.

关键词： Soil water deficit Fraction of transpirable soil water Transpiration Seedling growth vapor pressure deficit

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Hydraulic role in differential stomatal behaviors at two contrasting elevations in three dominant tree species of a mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest in low subtropical China

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第1期10卷 102-112页

作者： Liwei Zhu Tianyu Fu Jie Du Weiting Hu Yanqiong Li Xiuhua Zhao Ping Zhao South China Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou510650China

Quantifying the variation in stomatal behavior and functional traits of trees with elevation can provide a better understanding of the adaptative strategies to a changing climate. In this study, six water-and carbon-related functional traits were examined for three dominant tree species, Schima superba, Pinus massoniana and Castanopsis chinensis, in a mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest at two elevations(70 and 360 m above sea level,respectively) in low subtropical China. We hypothesized that trees at higher elevations would develop more efficient strategies of stomatal regulations and greater water transport capacity to cope with more variable hydrothermal conditions than those at lower elevations. Results show that the hydraulic conductivity did not differ between trees at the two elevations, contrary to our expectation. The C. chinensis trees had greater values of leaf mass per unit area(LMA), and the S. superba and C. chinensis trees had greater values of wood density(WD),relative stem water content(RWC), and ratio of sapwood area to leaf area(Hv) at the 360-m elevation than at 70-m elevation. The mean canopy stomatal conductance was greater and more sensitive to vapor deficit pressure at360 m than at 70 m for both S. superba and C. chinensis, while stomatal sensitivity did not differ between the two contrasting elevations for P. massoniana. The midday leaf water potential(ψL) in P. massoniana was significantly more negative at 360 m than at 70 m, but did not vary with increasing elevation in both S. superba and C. *** in Hvcan be related to the differential stomatal behaviors between the two elevations. The variations of stomatal behavior and ψLwith elevation suggested the isohydric strategy for the two broad-leaved species and the anisohydric strategy for the conifer species. The species-specific differences in LMA, WD, RWC, and Hvbetween the two elevations may reflect conservative resource use strategies at the higher elevation. Our find

关键词： Sap flux Stomatal conductance Leaf water potential vapor pressure deficit Elevation Low subtropical China

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Enhanced dominance of soil moisture stress on vegetation growth in Eurasian drylands

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National Science Review 2023年第8期10卷 135-147页

作者： Yu Zhang Yangjian Zhang Xu Lian Zhoutao Zheng Guang Zhao Tao Zhang Minjie Xu Ke Huang Ning Chen Ji Li Shilong Piao Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking University Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering Columbia University College of Agronomy Shenyang Agricultural University Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management University of Copenhagen Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Geography School of Geography and Information EngineeringChina University of Geosciences 9. State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth SystemResources and Environment Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences

Despite the mounting attention being paid to vegetation growth and their driving forces for water-limited ecosystems, the relative contributions of atmospheric and soil moisture dryness stress on vegetation growth are an ongoing debate. Here we comprehensively compare the impacts of high vapor pressure deficit(VPD) and low soil water content(SWC) on vegetation growth in Eurasian drylands during 1982–*** analysis indicates a gradual decoupling between atmospheric dryness and soil dryness over this period,as the former has expanded faster than the latter. Moreover, the VPD–SWC relation and VPD–greenness relation are both non-linear, while the SWC–greenness relation is near-linear. The loosened coupling between VPD and SWC, the non-linear correlations among VPD–SWC-greenness and the expanded area extent in which SWC acts as the dominant stress factor all provide compelling evidence that SWC is a more influential stressor than VPD on vegetation growth in Eurasian drylands. In addition, a set of 11 Earth system models projected a continuously growing constraint of SWC stress on vegetation growth towards 2100. Our results are vital to dryland ecosystems management and drought mitigation in Eurasia.

关键词： soil water content vapor pressure deficit vegetation growth decoupling non-linear relation

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Nighttime sap flow and its driving forces for Populus euphratica in a desert riparian forest, Northwest China

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Journal of Arid Land 2015年第5期7卷 665-674页

作者： SI Jianhua FENG Qi YU Tengfei ZHAO Chunyan Alxa Desert Eco-hydrology Experimental Research Station Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences Gansu Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering Center

Nighttime sap flow is a potentially important factor that affects whole-plant water balance and water-use efficiency （WUE）. Its functions include predawn disequilibrium between plant and soil water potentials as well as between the increments of oxygen supply and nutrient uptake. However, main factors that drive nighttime sap flow remain unclear, and researches related to the relationship between nighttime sap flow velocity and environmental factors are limited. Accordingly, we investigated the variations in the nighttime sap flow of Populus euphratica in a desert riparian forest of an extremely arid region, Northwest China. Results indicated that P. euphratica sap flow occurred throughout the night during the growing season because of the partial stomata opening. Nighttime sap flow for the P. euphratica forest accounted for 31%-47% of its daily sap flow during the growing season. The high value of nighttime sap flow could be the result of high stomatal conductance and could have significant implications for water budgets. Throughout the whole growing season, nighttime sap flow velocity of P. euphratica was positively correlated with the vapor pressure deficit （VPD）, air temperature and soil water content. We found that VPD and soil water content were the main driving factors for nighttime sap flow of P. euphratica.

关键词： nighttime sap flow stomatal conductance vapor pressure deficit driving factors desert riparian forest

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