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《Jungle Is My Home Open Window Analysis》Presented by the

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《Jungle Is My Home Open Window Analysis》Presented by the

作者：张虎延边大学

学位级别：硕士

This Composer of leveling up ethnic vocal work

关键词：延边人民出版社 vocal 司吾 majors ethnic 中国朝鲜族司卫 representative 学位论文延边大学

CLINICAL OBSERVATION ON APPLICATION OF CHINESE MATERIA MEDICA AFTER INTRALARYNGEAL MICROSURGERY

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 1994年第2期14卷 101-104页

作者：倪合也 Jingan District Central Hospital Shanghai 200040

41 cases still showing various symptoms and signs after having been operated on for intralaryngeal conditions were treated with Yiqi Kaiyin Tang (益气开音汤) the vital energy replenishing and voice restoring decoction). The chief clinical manifestations were hoarseness of vioce, lack of strength for speech, feeling of dryness and pain in the throat with foreign body sensation or burning sensation, and aphonia. The treatment lasted 15-60 days, resulting in cure in 19 cases, improvement in 16 cases, and no response in 6 cases, making a total effectiveness rate of 85.4%.

关键词： sensation decoction 开音 throat Radix feeling cords vital vocal operated

Language Neuromechanics: The Human Biological-Language Evolution

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2018年第8期8卷 447-472页

作者： Dingyu Chung Utica MI USA

The paper proposes that the understanding of human language evolution requires the comprehensive understanding of language in terms of language types, formations, and learnings and the comprehensive understanding of human biological evolution in terms of the emergences of various hominin species with various language capacities. This paper proposes language neuromechanics and the human biological-language evolution. Language is derived from bodily movement. Language neuro-mechanics combines neuroscience to study language brain and biomechanics to study language movement. Language neuromechanics consists of language type, language formation, and language learning. Language types for advanced animals include gestural language verse vocal language, instinctive language verse controllable language, and symbolic language verse iconic language. Language formation involves the developments of the different types of languages from different bodily movements phylogenetically and ontogenetically. Language learning involves the learning of controllable language to adapt to communicative environment through language brain regions and language genes. This paper proposes a gradual and step-by-step human language evolution from the language of great apes to the human language through the human biological evolution which chronologically and geographically consists of early hominins, early Homos, middle Homos, and late Homos with different language capacities. For hominins, vocal language and gestural language were evolved together. In conclusion, combining neuroscience and bio-mechanics, language neuromechanics provides the comprehensive understanding of language. The combination of language neuromechanics and the human biological-language evolution provides the clear evolutionary path from great apes’ articulate gestural language without articulate speech to human articulate gestural language and articulate speech.

关键词： Language Neuromechanics Human Biological Evolution Human Language Evolution vocal Language Gestural Language Instinctive Language Controllable Language Symbolic Language Iconic Language Language Brain Language Genes Great Apes Hominins

A Restricted, Adaptive Threshold Segmentation Approach for Processing High-Speed Image Sequences of the Glottis

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Engineering（科研） 2013年第10期5卷 357-362页

作者： Mathew Blanco Xin Chen Yuling Yan Department of Bioengineering Santa Clara University Santa Clara USA

In this paper, we propose a restricted, adaptive threshold approach for the segmentation of images of the glottis acquired from high speed video-endoscopy (HSV). The approach involves first, identifying a region of interest (ROI) that encloses the vocal-fold motion extent for each image frame as estimated by the different image sequences. This procedure is then followed by threshold segmentation restricted within the identified ROI for each image frame of the original image sequences, or referred to as sub-image sequences. The threshold value is adapted for each sub-image frame and determined by respective minimum gray-scale value that typically corresponds to a spatial location within the glottis. The proposed approach is practical and highly efficient for segmenting a vast amount of image frames since simple threshold method is adapted. Results obtained from the segmentation of representative clinical image sequences are presented to verify the proposed method.

关键词： Segmentation Glottis vocal Fold Motion Difference Image Adaptive Threshold

Charles Spencer Chaplin

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语言教育 1993年第9期 35-36页

作者：咏裳

Charles Spencer Chaplin①, who brought more joy andmore laughter to more people than anyone who ever lived,has been applauded② in every part of the earth. He wasborn in London in 1889. His father was a heavy drinkerwhile his mother’s health was deteriorating. In fact, it wasowing to his mother’s weakening vocal③ condition that atthe age of five he made his first appearance on the stage.

关键词： mother vocal Spencer father lived weakening appearance brought London attitude

Role of Intra-Operative Nerve Monitoring in Thyroidectomies: An Institutional Review

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2014年第4期3卷 154-160页

作者： Naren N. Venkatesan Sharon H. Gnagi Michael P. Underbrink Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery University of Texas-Medical Branch at Galveston School of Medicine Galveston USA

Injury to the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve (RLN) is a worrisome complication of a thyroidectomy. Intra-operative nerve monitoring (IONM) of the RLN has gained prevalence as an aid to prevent injury. We reviewed our series and other studies in literature for insight. A chart review was carried out to identify all patients who underwent a thyroidectomy between 2005 and 2010. IONM was implemented by the Otolaryngology service in 2007. All identified patients were separated into three groups: 1) Otolaryngology service with IONM, 2) Otolaryngology service without IONM, and 3) General Surgery service without IONM. Several factors were noted, including age, sex, thyroid disease, extent of thyroidectomy, and RLN injury along with recovery. 230 patients underwent thyroidectomy from 2005-2010. 60 patients were isolated in the IONM-Otolaryngology group with 3 patients suffering injury. 109 patients underwent a thyroidectomy by the Otolaryngology service without IONM with 8 patients suffering nerve damage. In the third group, 61 patients underwent a thyroidectomy by General Surgery without IONM with 4 patients suffering damage. Of the thyroid pathology, 10 patients had Multinodular Goiter while 4 had Papillary Cancer and 1 had a Follicular Adenoma. The most severe complication of a thyroidectomy is RLN injury. In order to further decrease the risk of RLN injury, IONM has been employed. From our review and other studies, there does not appear to be a significant difference in rates of RLN injury with or without use of nerve monitoring. An interesting note is the increased prevalence of nerve injuries in Multinodular Goiter—a finding that merits further study to evaluate the role of IONM.

关键词： Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injruy vocal Cord Paralysis Thyroidectomy Intra-Operative Nerve Monitoring

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Language and Society

玉溪师范学院学报 1992年第4期8卷 91-97页

作者：李青

It’s universally recognized that language is a scientific systemon one hand and a social activity on the *** languageis actualized through the mind and the mouth of the individual,we should also see the fact that one not only speaks butspeaks to *** one has the need to get in contactwith another person,communication is bound to occur。

关键词： universally communicate vivid daughter vocal husband 继续革命 satisfactory sentence created

The effect of three-dimensional glottal geometry on intraglottal quasi-steady flow distributions and their relationship with phonation

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2006年第1期49卷 82-88页

作者： SCHERER Ronald C. Department of Communication Disorders Bowling Green State University 200 Health Center Bowling Green Ohio 43402 USA

vocal fold geometry plays an important role in human phonation. The intraglottal quasi-steady pressure; velocity distributions depend upon the shape, size,; diameter of the glottis. This study reports the effects of the variation of glottal shapes on intraglottal pressures; velocities using a Plexiglas model with a glottis having nine symmetric glottal angles (uniform, as well as convergent; divergent 5°, 10°, 20°; 40°), while the minimal glottal diameter was held constant at 0.06 cm. The empirical data were supported by penalty finite element computational results. The results suggest that larger convergent glottal angles correspond to increased pressures; decreased velocities in the glottis upstream of the minimum glottal location, with a reversal of this pattern at the minimal glottal diameter location. The pressure dip near the glottal entrance for divergent glottal angles was greatest for the 10° divergence angle condition,; was sequentially less for 5°, 20°,; 40°. Flow resistance was greater for a convergent angle than a divergent angle of the same value,; least for the 10° divergent condition. Pressure recovery in the glottis suggested that the optimal glottal diffuser angle was near 10°. Results suggest that the glottal geometry has a critical relationship with phonation (especially for vocal efficiency),; therefore important significance to understanding artistic voice; clinical voice management.

关键词： vocal fold geometry, laryngeal aerodynamics modeling, phonation, quasi-steady flow.

Continuous Vagus Nerve Monitoring during Carotid Endarterectomy

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2017年第1期7卷 1-9页

作者： Tamaki Tomonori Kubota Minoru Node Yoji Morita Akio Departmrnt of Neurological Surgery Nippon Medical School Tamanagayama Hospital Tokyo Japan Department of Clinical Laboratory Nippon Medical School Tamanagayama Hospital Tokyo Japan Departmrnt of Neurological Surgery Nippon Medical School Tokyo Japan

Backgrounds: Injury to the vagus nerve or one of its branches during carotid endarterectomy can result in vocal fold paralysis but the exact mechanism of injury responsible for vocal fold paralysis after carotid endarterectomy is unclear. Aims: This study was performed to identify potential predictors of vagus nerve injury and obtain feedback by application of intraoperative continuous vagus nerve monitoring. Materials and Methods: Seventy-four patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy were enrolled. A new vagus nerve electrode was designed for less invasive continuous vagus nerve stimulation and monitoring of the vocal fold electromyogram without disturbing the surgical procedure. The device was rectangular (13 mm × 9 mm), with two small round electrodes set on a flexible silicon plate and tube. The electrode was fully implantable during carotid endarterectomy and was positioned at the most distal site of the vagus nerve by suturing to the connective tissue without nerve dissection. All patients underwent laryngoscopy to assess postoperative vocal fold and pharyngeal wall palsy at one week after carotid endarterectomy. Results: Sudden loss of the vocal fold electromyogram was noted in two patients (during plaque removal and during arterial wall suture in one each). In these two patients, incomplete vocal fold and pharyngeal palsy was confirmed by laryngoscopy. The cause of vagus nerve injury may have been traction at the time of distal internal carotid artery manipulation. The vocal fold electromyogram remained normal during the operation in the other 72 patients. However laryngoscopy revealed postoperative vocal fold and pharyngeal palsy in six patients. These findings suggested that delayed vagus nerve injury can occur after carotid endarterectomy. Conclusion: The continuous vagus nerve monitoring may be worthwhile for elucidating the mechanism of vagus nerve injury related to carotid endarterectomy.

关键词： Carotid Endarterectomy Vagus Nerve vocal Fold Neuromonitoring Complication