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utilization of traditional healers for treatment of malaria among female residents in Makurdi city and its environs

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第7期3卷 563-566页

作者： Jombo GTA Mbaawuaga EM Denen Akaa P Dauda AM Eyong KI Akosu JT Etukumana EA Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology College of Health SciencesBenue State UniversityPMB 102119 MakurdiNigeria Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of ScienceBenue State UniversityPMB 102119 MakurdiNigeria Department of Surgery College of Health SciencesBenue State University MakurdiNigeria Department of Histopathology Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of JosJosNigeria Department of Paediatrics College of Medical SciencesUniversity of CalabarCalabarNigeria Department of Community Medicine College of Medical SciencesUniversity of JosNigeria Department of Family Medicine University of Uyo Teaching Hospital UyoNigeria

Objective:To ascertain the role of traditional healers in malaria treatment and its impact on control of the ***:The study was cross-sectional in ***-run structured and semi-structured questionnaires were either interviewer or self administered to adult women aged 18 years old and *** holds were selected using systematic random sampling *** such as age,educational level,marital status,occupation and methods of malaria treatment were *** group discussions about beliefs and perceptions on utilization of traditional healers and in depth discussions on treatment and control of malaria were also carried ***:Of the 2 075 respondents studied,49.7%(n=1 031) utilized traditional healers for treatment of malaria,including 16.7%(n=172) utilizing traditional healers strictly while 83.3%(n=859) combining it with other treatment methods such as hospital/clinic, pharmacy/chemist shop,herbs or spiritual *** major contributors to utilization of traditional healers were:illiteracy and ignorance,poverty,unemployment/underemployment and slow pace of the comprehensive package implementation of the "roll back malaria"(RBM) programme initiate in the ***:Health education should be intensified while adequate facilities put in place to commence home management of malaria and probable free distribution of the artemisinin-based combination therapy(ACT).

关键词： Traditional healers utilization Malaria treatment Adult-women

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A dendrite-free Li plating host towards high utilization of Li metal anode in Li–O_2 battery

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Science Bulletin 2019年第7期64卷 478-484页

作者： Chao Li Jishi Wei Panlong Li Wenfei Tang Wuliang Feng Jingyuan Liu Yonggang Wang Yongyao Xia Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Institute of New Energy iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials) Fudan University

The intense interest of Li–O_2 battery stems from its ultrahigh theoretical energy density, but its application is still hindered by the issues of Li anode. Herein, RuO_2-CNTs composite, a conventional O_2 cathode catalyst in Li–O_2 battery, is first utilized as an anode host for dendrite-free Li plating/stripping with high Coulombic efficiency. It is demonstrated that such excellent plating/stripping performance arises from the lithiophilicity characteristic of Ru nanoparticles(that is derived from the in-situ electrochemical conversion from RuO_2 to Ru/Li_2O) and buffer space provided by CNTs. Furthermore, the RuO_2-CNTs electrode pre-deposited with limited Li(RuO_2-CNTs@Li anode) is coupled with a RuO_2-CNTs catalytic cathode to form a Li–O_2 full cell, which displays an extended cycle life with dramatically improved energy *** achieved cell shows a high stability of 200 cycles with RuO_2-CNTs@Li anode(1 mg Li) that sheds light on the efficient utilization of Li anode in Li–O_2 batteries.

关键词： Li metal anode Li utilization Li-O2 battery Dendrite-free High energy density

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Online condition diagnosis for a two-stage gearbox machinery of an aerospace utilization system using an ensemble multi-fault features indexing approach

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2019年第5期32卷 1100-1110页

作者： Min ZHOU Ke WANG Yang WANG Kaiji LUO Hongyong FU Liang SI CAS Key Lab of Space utilization Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

China manned space station is designed to operate for over ten years. Long-term and sustainable research on space science and technology will be conducted during its operation. The application payloads must meet the ‘‘long life and high reliability" mission requirement. Gearbox machinery is one of the essential devices in an aerospace utilization system, failure of which may lead to downtime loss even during some disastrous catastrophes. A fault diagnosis of gearbox has attracted attentions for its significance in preventing catastrophic accidents and guaranteeing sufficient maintenance. A novel fault diagnosis method based on the Ensemble Multi-Fault Features Indexing(EMFFI) approach is proposed for the condition monitoring of gearboxes. Different from traditional methods of signal analysis in the one-dimensional space, this study employs a supervised learning method to determine the faults of a gearbox in a two-dimensional space using the classification model established by training the features extracted automatically from diagnostic vibration signals captured. The proposed method mainly includes the following steps. First, the vibration signals are transformed into a bi-spectrum contour map utilizing bi-spectrum technology,which provides a basis for the following image-based feature extraction. Then, Speeded-Up Robustness Feature(SURF) is applied to automatically extract the image feature points of the bi-spectrum contour map using a multi-fault features indexing theory, and the feature dimension is reduced by Linear Discriminant Analysis(LDA). Finally, Random Forest(RF) is introduced to identify the fault types of the gearbox. The test results verify that the proposed method based on the multi-fault features indexing approach achieves the target of high diagnostic accuracy and can serve as a highly effective technique to discover faults in a gearbox machinery such as a two-stage one.

关键词： Aerospace utilization system Condition diagnosis Fault feature index Gearbox machinery Health monitoring Vibration

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Pinpointing and scheduling access conflicts to improve internal resource utilization in solid-state drives

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2019年第1期13卷 35-50页

作者： Xuchao XIE Liquan XIAO Dengping WEI Qiong LI Zhenlong SONG Xiongzi GE College of Computer National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Department of Computer Science University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55455USA

Modern solid-state drives (SSDs)are integrating more internal resources to achieve higher *** accesses across internal resources can potentially enhance the performance of ***,exploiting parallelism inside SSDs is challenging owing to real-time access *** this paper,we propose a highly parallelizable I/O scheduler (PIOS)to improve internal resource utilization in SSDs from the perspective of I/O ***, we first pinpoint the conflicting flash requests with precision during the address translation in the Flash Translation Layer (FTL).Then,we introduce conflict eliminated requests (CERs)to reorganize the I/O requests in the device-level queue by dispatching conflicting flash requests to different *** to the significant performance discrepancy between flash read and write operations,PIOS employs differentiated scheduling schemes for read and write CER queues to always allocate internal resources to the conflicting CERs that are more *** small dominant size prioritized scheduling policy for the write queue significantly decreases the average write *** high parallelism density prioritized scheduling policy for the read queue better utilizes resources by exploiting internal parallelism *** evaluation results show that the paralle/izable I/O scheduler (PIOS)can accomplish better SSD performance than existing I/O schedulers implemented in both SSD devices and operating systems.

关键词： solid-state drive access conflict I/O scheduler internal resource utilization PIOS

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China's policy framework for carbon capture,utilization and storage:Review,analysis,and outlook

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Frontiers in Energy 2023年第3期17卷 400-411页

作者： Qiao MA Shan WANG Yan FU Wenlong ZHOU Mingwei SHI Xueting PENG Haodong LV Weichen ZHAO Xian ZHANG National Engineering Laboratory for Reducing Emissions from Coal Combustion Engineering Research Center of Environmental Thermal Technology of the Ministry of EducationShandong Key Laboratory of Energy Carbon Reduction and Resource UtilizationSchool of Energy and Power EngineeringShandong UniversityJinan 250061China The Administrative Center for China's Agenda 21 Beijing 100038China Center for Sustainable Development and Energy Policy Research School of Energy and Mining EngineeringChina University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Beijing 100083China The Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction University College LondonLondon WC1E 7HBUK

Carbon capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS)is estimated to contribute substantial CO_(2)emission reduction to carbon neutrality in *** is yet a large gap between such enormous demand and the current capacity,and thus a sound enabling environment with sufficient policy support is imperative for CCUS *** study reviewed 59 CCUS-related policy documents issued by the Chinese government as of July 2022,and found that a supporting policy framework for CCUS is taking embryonic form in *** than ten departments of the central government have involved CCUS in their policies,of which the State Council,the National Development and Reform Commission(NDRC),the Ministry of Science and Technology(MOST),and the Ministry of Ecological Environment(MEE)have given the greatest attention with different *** policy terms are further analyzed following the method of content analysis and categorized into supply-,environment-and demand-type *** results indicate that supply-type policies are unbalanced in policy objectives,as policy terms on technology research and demonstration greatly outnumber those on other objectives,and the attention to weak links and industrial sectors is far from ***-type policies,especially legislations,standards,and incentives,are inadequate in pertinence and ***-type policies are absent in the current policy system but is essential to drive the demand for the CCUS technology in domestic and foreign *** meet the reduction demand of China's carbon neutral goal,policies need to be tailored according to needs of each specific technology and implemented in an orderly manner with well-balanced use on multiple objectives.

关键词： carbon capture utilization and storage(CCUS) policy content analysis China

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A modified pulse charging method for lithium-ion batteries by considering stress evolution,charging time and capacity utilization

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2019年第2期13卷 294-302页

作者： Yanfei ZHAO Bo LU Yicheng SONG Junqian ZHANG Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200072China Department of Civil Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Materials Genome Institute Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200072China Department of Mechanics Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China

The stress evolution, total charging time and capacity utilization of pulse charging (PC) method are investigated in this pape匚 It is found that compared to the conventional constant current (CC) charging method, the PC method can accelerate the charging process but will inevitably cause an increase in stress and a decrease in capacity. The charging speed for PC method can be estimated by the mean current. By introducing stress control, a modified PC method called the PCCC method, which starts with a PC operation followed by a CC operation, is proposed. The PCCC method not only can accelerate charging process but also can avoid the stress raising and capacity loss occurring in the PC method. Furthermore, the optimal pulsed current density and switch time in the PCCC method is also discussed.

关键词： fast charging method pulse charging stress evolution charging time capacity utilization

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Boost the utilization of Dense FeN_(4) Sites for High-Performance Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第3期7卷 398-405页

作者： Yanrong Li Shuhu Yin Long Chen Xiaoyang Cheng Chongtai Wang Yanxia Jiang Shigang Sun State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Engineering Research Center of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Discipline of Intelligent Instrument and EquipmentXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage and Energy Conversion of Hainan ProvinceHainan Normal UniversityHaikou 571158China

Iron-nitrogen-carbon(Fe-N-C)catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)in proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)have seriously been hindered by their poor ORR performance of Fe-N-C due to the low active site density(SD)and site ***,we reported a melamine-assisted vapor deposition approach to overcome these *** melamine not only compensates for the loss of nitrogen caused by high-temperature pyrolysis but also effectively etches the carbon substrate,increasing the external surface area and mesoporous porosity of the carbon *** can provide more useful area for subsequent vapor deposition on active *** prepared 0.20Mela-FeNC catalyst shows a fourfold higher SD value and site utilization than the FeNC without the treatment of *** a result,0.20Mela-FeNC catalyst exhibits a high ORR activity with a half-wave potential(E_(1/2))of 0.861 V and 12-fold higher ORR mass activity than the FeNC in acidic *** the cathode in a H_(2)-O_(2)PEMFCs,0.20Mela-FeNC catalyst demonstrates a high peak power density of 1.30 W cm^(-2),outstripping most of the reported Fe-N-C *** developed melamine-assisted vapor deposition approach for boosting the SD and utilization of Fe-N-C catalysts offers a new insight into high-performance ORR electrocatalysts.

关键词： fuel cells melamine oxygen reduction reaction site density utilization

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Intelligent and ecological coal mining as well as clean utilization technology in China: Review and prospects

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2019年第2期29卷 161-169页

作者： Guofa Wang Yongxiang Xu Huaiwei Ren Mining Institute China Coal Research Institute Coal Mining and Designing Department Tiandi Science & Technology Co. Ltd. State Key Laboratory of Coal Mining and Clean utilization China Coal Research Institute

Coal is an essential fossil fuel in China; however, coal mining and its utilization are being under the increasing pressure from ecological and environmental protection. Therefore, the consulting project "Technical Revolution in Ecological and Efficient Coal Mining and utilization & Intelligence and Diverse Coordination of Coal-based Energy System," initiated by Chinese Academy of Engineering, puts forward three stages(3.0, 4.0 and 5.0) of China's coal industry development strategy. Aimed at "reduced staff,ultra-low ecological damage, and emission level near to natural gas," breakthroughs should be achieved in the following three key technologies during the China Coal Industry 3.0 stage(2016–2025): including intelligent coal mining, ecological mining, ultra-low emission and environmental protection. This paper focuses on the development trends of the China Coal Industry 3.0 and its support for China Coal Industry 4.0 and 5.0 is analyzed and prospected as well, which may offer technical assistance and strategy orientation for realizing the transformation from traditional coal energy to clean energy.

关键词： Intelligent mining Ecological mining Clean utilization Environmental protection China’s coal industry

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Analysis of CO_2 utilization into synthesis gas based on solar thermochemical CH_4-reforming

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2019年第1期28卷 61-72页

作者： Bachirou Guene Lougou Yong Shuai Gédéon Chaffa Huang Xing Heping Tan Huibin Du School of Energy Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Key Laboratory of Aerospace Thermophysics of MIIT Harbin Institute of Technology Laboratory of Energetics and Applied Mechanics (LEMA) Polytechnic College of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi University College of Metallurgy and Energy North China University of Science and Technology College of Management and Economics Tianjin University

In this study, the solar thermochemical reactor performance for CO_2 utilization into synthesis gas(H_2+ CO) based on CH_4 reforming process was investigated in the context of carbon capture and utilization(CCU) technologies. The P1 radiation heat transfer model is adopted to establish the heat and mass transfer model coupled with thermochemical reaction kinetics. The reactor thermal behavior with direct heat transfer between gaseous reactant and products evolution and the effects of different structural parameters were evaluated. It was found that the reactor has the potential to utilize by ～60% of CO_2 captured with 40% of CH_4 co-fed into syngas(72.9% of H_2 and 27.1% of CO) at 741.31 k W/mof incident radiation heat flux. However, the solar irradiance heat flux and temperature distribution were found to significantly affect the reactant species conversion efficiency and syngas production. The chemical reaction is mainly driven by the thermal energy and higher species conversion into syngas was observed when the temperature distribution at the inner cavity of the reactor was more uniform. Designed a solar thermochemical reactor able to volumetric store concentrated irradiance could highly improve CCU technologies for producing energy-rich chemicals. Besides, the mixture gas inlet velocity, operating pressure and CO_2/CH_4 feeding ratio were crucial to determining the efficiency of CO_2 utilization to solar fuels. Catalytic CO_2-reforming of CH_4 to chemical energy is a promising strategy for an efficient utilization of CO_2 as a renewable carbon source.

关键词： Thermochemical reactor CO2 utilization Radiation flux and temperature distribution CH4-reforming Syngas

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Soil Nitrogen Distribution and Plant Nitrogen utilization in Direct-Seeded Rice in Response to Deep Placement of Basal Fertilizer-Nitrogen

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Rice science 2019年第6期26卷 404-415页

作者： WANG Danying YE Chang XU Chunmei WANG Zaiman CHEN Song CHU Guang ZHANG Xiufu State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research Institute Hangzhou 310006 China Key Laboratory of Key Technology on Agricultural Machine and Equipment Ministry of Education / South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China

Deep placement of controlled-release fertilizer increases nitrogen (N) use efficiency in rice planting but is expensive. Few studies on direct-seeded rice have examined the effects of deep placement of conventional fertilizer. With prilled urea serving as N fertilizer, a two-year field experiment with two N rates (120 and 195 kg/hm2) and four basal N application treatments (B50, all fertilizer was broadcast with 50% as basal N;D50, D70 and D100 corresponded to 50%, 70% and 100% of N deeply placed as basal N, respectively) were conducted in direct-seeded rice in 2013 and 2014. Soil N distribution and plant N uptake were analyzed. The results showed that deep placement of basal N significantly increased total N concentrations in soil. Significantly greater soil N concentrations were observed in D100 compared with B50 at 0, 6 and 12 cm (lateral distance) from the fertilizer application point both at mid-tillering and heading stages. D100 presented the highest values of dry matter and N accumulation from seeding to mid-tillering stages, but it presented the lowest values from heading to maturity stages and the lowest grain yield for no sufficient N supply at the reproductive stage. The grain yield of D50 was the highest, however, no significant difference was observed in grain yield, N agronomic efficiency or N recovery efficiency between D70 and D50, or between D70 and B50, while D70 was more labor saving than D50 for only one topdressing was applied in D70 compared with twice in other treatments. The above results indicated that 70% of fertilizer-N deeply placed as a basal fertilizer and 30% of fertilizer-N topdressed as a panicle fertilizer constituted an ideal approach for direct-seeded rice. This recommendation was further verified through on-farm demonstration experiments in 2015, in which D70 produced in similar grain yields as B50 did.

关键词： direct-seeded rice nitrogen fertilizer deep placement soil nitrogen distribution nitrogen utilization

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