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ultrabithorax is a key regulator for the dimorphism of wings, a main cause for the outbreak of planthoppers in rice

National Science Review 2020年第7期7卷 1181-1189页

作者： Fangzhou Liu Xiang Li Muhua Zhao Mengjian Guo Kehong Han Xinxin Dong Jing Zhao Wanlun Cai Qifa Zhang Hongxia Hua Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory College of Plant Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural University Shuangshui Shuanglü Institute Huazhong Agricultural University

Rice planthoppers, the most devastating rice pests, occur in two wing forms: the short-wing form for rapid population growth and long-wing form for long-distance migration, which together create the mechanism for outbreak. Here we show that ultrabithorax(Ubx) is a key regulator for switching between the long-and short-wing forms of rice planthoppers. Ubx is expressed in both forewing and hindwing pads, which is different from the canonical model of Ubx expression. In brown planthoppers, expression of Ubx(Nl Ubx)is regulated by nutritional status of the rice host. High-quality young plants induce Nl Ubx expression leading to the short-wing form; low-quality ripe plants reduce Nl Ubx expression resulting in long-wing form. We also showed that Nl Ubx is regulated by the insulin receptors Nl In R1 and Nl In R2. The default expression of Nl In R1 inhibits Nl Ubx resulting in long-wings, while high-quality hosts induce Nl In R2 expression, which represses Nl In R1 thus promoting Nl Ubx expression to produce short-wings.

关键词： Hox ultrabithorax rice planthopper wing polymorphism

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Nanocarrier-delivered dsRNA suppresses wing development of green peach aphids

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Insect Science 2022年第3期29卷 669-682页

作者： Yun-Hui Zhang Zhong-Zheng Ma Hang Zhou Zi-Jian Chao Shuo Yan Jie Shen Department of Plant Biosecurity and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina

RNA interference(RNAi)has developed rapidly as a potential“green”pest management strategy.At present,most studies have focused on the screening of aphid lethal genes,whereas only a few studies have been conducted on wing development,which is crucial for aphid migration and plant-virus dissemination.Here,the Myzus persicae genes vestigial(vg)and ultrabithorax(Ubx)related to wing development,were cloned.These two genes were expressed in various tissues of 3rd-instar winged aphids.The mRNA level of vg was high in 3rd-instar nymphs,whereas the expression level of Ubx was high in adults.The nanocarrier-mediated delivery system delivered double-stranded RNAs for aphid RNAi using topical and root applications.The expression levels of vg and Ubx were downregulated by 44.0%and 36.5%,respectively,using the topical application.The simultaneous RNAi of the two target genes caused 63.3%and 32.2%wing aberration rates using topical and root applications,respectively.The current study provided a promising method for controlling aphid migration to alleviate the spread of insect transmitted plant diseases.

关键词： nanocarrier RNA interference ultrabithorax vestigial wing development

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东亚飞蝗ultrabithorax基因的克隆及在胚胎时期的表达分析

东亚飞蝗Ultrabithorax基因的克隆及在胚胎时期的表达分析

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作者：谢妤重庆师范大学

学位级别：硕士

东亚飞蝗Locusta migratoria manilensis (Meyen)属于直翅目，是一种渐变态昆虫，具有发达的翅和较强的飞翔能力，能够群集而远距离迁飞，是其具有较大危害性、造成重大经济损失的主要原因。 ultrabithorax (Ubx)，是Hox基因的一种，主... 详细信息

东亚飞蝗Locusta migratoria manilensis (Meyen)属于直翅目，是一种渐变态昆虫，具有发达的翅和较强的飞翔能力，能够群集而远距离迁飞，是其具有较大危害性、造成重大经济损失的主要原因。 ultrabithorax (Ubx)，是Hox基因的一种，主要是控制了昆虫中胸到腹部第一节的发育，其与体节的分化、腹部附肢的退化和翅的形成都有很大的关系。近年来对黑腹果蝇（Drosophila melanogaster）、赤拟谷盗（Tribolium castaneum）、蛱蝶（Junonia coenia）、家蚕（Bombyx mori）和乳草长蝽（Oncopeltus fasciatus）等少数物种的Ubx基因做了研究，研究发现Ubx基因与这些物种的前后翅形态差异的形成有关。对于飞蝗这类直翅目昆虫且系统进化中地位较低的昆虫少有研究。因此，比较研究东亚飞蝗的Ubx基因，有助于了解飞蝗前后翅形态差异形成的分子机理，也可以为Ubx基因演化的研究提供依据。本研究以东亚飞蝗为实验材料，通过基因克隆、半定量PCR和定量PCR研究Ubx基因在胚胎发育过程中的表达情况，通过免疫组化染色研究Ubx基因在前后翅中的表达情况，初步探讨了Ubx基因在东亚飞蝗前后翅形态差异形成的作用。研究结果如下： ①Ubx基因保守片段的克隆通过已报道的Ubx基因的序列比较，找到保守片段，采用RT-PCR方法克隆了东亚飞蝗Ubx基因的保守片段，长225bp，能够编码74个氨基酸，命名为LmUbx。LmUbx含有YPWM和Homdomain两个结构域。并且与果蝇Ubx的6种蛋白亚型比较，LmUbx的氨基酸序列与IVa相似性较高。 ②LmUbx基因在胚胎发育过程中的表达情况采用半定量PCR和定量PCR研究了LmUbx基因在胚胎发育过程中的表达情况，结果表明LmUbx基因在早期胚胎有瞬时高表达，随后其表达降低，从第4dAEL开始表达水平又逐渐升高，到8dAEL时达到最高，在其后的胚胎发育过程中LmUbx的表达趋于稳定。 ③LmUbx基因在前后翅的差异表达情况使用抗Ubx/abd-A的单克隆抗体FP6.87对不同发育时期的东亚飞蝗胚胎进行免疫组化染色，发现LmUbx基因主要在胸部第三节（T3）和腹部第一节（A1）中表达，在胸部第二节（T2）有少量的表达，这与多数昆虫Ubx基因所调控的区域一致。研究表明LmUbx基因在在T2和T3之间表达有明显差异，可见在前后翅间呈明显的差异表达，与东亚飞蝗前后翅形态差异的形成有关。

关键词：东亚飞蝗 ultrabithorax 胚胎发育基因表达分析

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Breaking bad in the rice field by breaking the Hox code

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National Science Review 2020年第10期7卷 1616-1616页

作者： Yoshinori Tomoyasu Department of Biology Miami University

The beautiful green carpet of the early summer rice field is a sight that many people admire in Asian countries. But within the rice paddy is where planthoppers, one of the most serious insect pests in Asia, grow and outbreak [1]. Considering that rice is the staple food source in Asia, feeding up to 50% of the world’s population[2],

关键词： ultrabithorax

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Over-expression of ultrabithorax alters embryonic body plan and wing patterns in the butterfly Bicyclus anynana

Over-expression of Ultrabithorax alters embryonic body plan ...

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第十二届家（柞）蚕遗传育种暨良种繁育学术研讨会

作者： Xiaoling Tong Steven Hrycaj Ondrej Podlaha Aleksandar Popadic Antónia Monteiro Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Yale University State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology Southwest University Department of Biological Sciences Wayne State University Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore

In insects, forewings and hindwings usually have different shapes, sizes, and color patterns. A variety of RNAi experiments across insect species have shown that the hox gene ultrabithorax（Ubx） is necessary to promote hindwing identity. However, it remains unclear whether Ubx is sufficient to confer hindwing fate to forewings across insects. Here, we address this question by over-expressing Ubx in the butterfly Bicyclus anynana using a heat-shock promoter. Ubx whole-body over-expression during embryonic and larvae development led to body plan changes in larvae but to mere quantitative changes to adult morphology, respectively. Embryonic heat-shocks led to fused segments, loss of thoracic and abdominal limbs, and transformation of head limbs to larger appendages. Larval heat-shocks led to reduced eyespot size in the expected homeotic direction, but neither additional eyespots nor wing shape changes were observed in forewings as expected of a homeotic transformation. Interestingly, Ubx was found to be expressed in a novel, non-characteristic domain – in the hindwing eyespot centers. Furthermore, ectopic expression of Ubx on the pupal wing activated the eyespot-associated genes spalt and Distal-less, known to be directly repressed by Ubx in the fly’s haltere and leg primordia, respectively, and led to the differentiation of black wing scales. These results suggest that Ubx has been co-opted into a novel eyespot gene regulatory network, and that it is capable of activating black pigmentation in butterflies.

关键词： ultrabithorax Over-expression Homeotic transformation Wing Eyespot Bicyclus anynana

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Abnormal expressions of ultrabithorax and abdominal-A genes are responsible for an extra thoracic prolegs mutant(EKh) in the silkworm, Bomybx mori

Abnormal expressions of Ultrabithorax and abdominal-A genes ...

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中国蚕学会第八届青年学术研讨会

作者： Ming-Yue Fu Peng Chen Xiao-Ling Tong Lei Chen Zhong-Huai Xiang Cheng Lu Fang-Yin Dai State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology Southwest University Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry Southwest University

In insects, there are many sets of serially homologous appendages. Nevertheless, they show great divergences in phenotype, function, identity and so on. The gain-of-function mutation of Hox gene Antenpedia(Antp) transformed the antenna into second thoracic legs in Drosophila melanogaster. However, it is still unknown which factors determine the differences between the thoracic and abdominal prolegs. Here we show that a 55kb region including Bombyx mori ultrabithorax(Bm Ubx) and abdominal-A(Bmabd-A) was responsible for the silkworm mutant Kh-extra-crescents(E), which displayed additional thoracic leg-like prolegs and extra markings on the ventral and dorsal side of the first abdominal segment(A1), respectively. On one hand, we found that Bm Ubx gene was down-regulated not only at the level of m RNA, but also at the protein level. Furthermore, the Bm Ubx protein expression was reduced on the A1 segment probably correlated with the phenotype of the extra thoracic leg-like prolegs. On the other hand, Bmabd-A was up-regulated at both levels and ectopically over-expressed on the segments of the supernumerary prolegs, A1 and A2. In conclusion, our results suggest that the Bmabd-A gene promotes the development of abdominal limbs, while Bm Ubx gene modifies the identity of the thoracic legs.

关键词： Bombyx mori thoracic legs ultrabithorax abdominal-A

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