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Environmental Impact of Kakhovka Dam Breach and Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant Explosion on Dnieper River Landscape

Open Journal of Soil Science 2024年第6期14卷 353-387页

作者： Kenneth Ray Olson Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences College of Agricultural Consumer and Environmental Sciences University of Illinois Urbana USA

The Dnieper River headwaters are in Russia’s Valdai Hills and the river flows south to the Black Sea. The Dnieper River provides a waterway in which to transport goods to and from various European nations. In addition, the dams on the river provide hydro power. There are approximately 2260 km of Dnieper waterways in Russia, in Belarus, and within ukraine. The Dnieper River has numerous urban centers including Smolensk in Russia, Mogilev in Belarus and Kiev and Zaporizhzhya in ukraine. The worst nuclear accident in history unfolded, in the Dnieper River watershed, in northern ukraine as a reactor at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant exploded and burned. After an accident, such as Chernobyl, radionuclide contaminated bodies of water via direct deposition from the air, discharge as effluent or indirectly from catchment basin washout. When radionuclides contaminate large bodies of water, they are quickly dispersing and accumulate in water bottom sediments, benthos, aquatic plants, and bottom feeding fish. The main pathways to humans are through contamination of drinking-water, from use of water for irrigation of food crops, and consumption of contaminated fish. Kakhovka Dam on the Dnieper River was destroyed during the Russian-ukraine conflict and the dam needs to rebuild as soon as possible. Perhaps lessons learned by the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), after using TNT to blow up the Birds Point front line levee on the Mississippi River in May of 2011, can be applied to the man-induced 2023 Kakhovka Dam breach. The Birds Point man-induced levee breaches and subsequent flooding of farmland resulted in the loss of the 2011 crops and damaged the future soil productivity. The strong current and sweep of the water through the three man-induced levee breaches on the New Madrid floodway levee created deep gullies, displaced tons of soil, and damaged irrigation equipment, farms, and homes. The New Madrid floodway agricultural lands were restored, and the environmental damages were mitigated. The Kakhovka Dam destruction

关键词： Dnieper River ukraine New Madrid Levee TNT Chernobyl Kakhovka Dam 137Cs Black Sea Kiev

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Modern experience of low-coal seams underground mining in ukraine

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2018年第6期28卷 917-923页

作者： Mykhailo V.Petlovanyi Vasyl H.Lozynskyi Pavlo B.Saik Kateryna S.Sai Underground Mining Department National Mining UniversityDnipro

Coal is the main energy resource in ukraine. However geotechnological aspects of coal seams development and Ukrainian crisis have a negative influence on the mining industry. This article analyzes the experience in the development of very low and low-coal seams with 0.7–1.0 m thickness, as well as advanced technological solutions that allowed private coal enterprises, despite the difficult situation in the country, to maintain sufficient(more than 75% of all production) level of steam coal extraction for Ukrainian society. Given that Ukrainian's mining sector development is a huge task, we hope this review will add some discussions into the ongoing conversation.

关键词： Coal Mining Mine ukraine

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Consensus on management of hepatitis C virus infection in resource-limited ukraine and Commonwealth of Independent States regions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第29期25卷 3897-3919页

作者： Massimo Giuseppe Colombo Erkin Isakovich Musabaev Umed Yusupovich Ismailov Igor A Zaytsev Alexander V Nersesov Igor Anatoliyevich Anastasiy Igor Alexandrovich Karpov Olga A Golubovska Kulpash S Kaliaskarova Ravishankar AC Sanjay Hadigal Research and Clinical Center Department of Medicine Humanitas Hospital Rozzano 20089 MI Italy Research Institute of Virology Scientific Research Institute of Virology Tashkent 100194 Uzbekistan Hepatoсenter Research Institute of Virology Scientific Research Institute of Virology Tashkent 100194 Uzbekistan Department of Therapy Infectious Diseases and Dermatology Bogomolets National Medical University Kyiv 01601 Ukraine Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Research Institute of Cardiology and Internal Diseases Almaty 050000 Kazakhstan Department Infectious Diseases Bogomolets National Medical University Kyiv 01601 Ukraine Department Infectious Diseases Belarus State Medical University Minsk 220116 Belarus Hepatology Ministry of Health Astana 010000 Kazakhstan Medical Affairs Mylan Pharmaceuticals Private Limited Kadubeesanahalli Bengaluru 560103 India

Globally, 69.6 million individuals were infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in 2016. Of the six major HCV genotypes (GT), the most predominant one is GT1, worldwide. The prevalence of HCV in Central Asia, which includes most of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), has been estimated to be 5.8% of the total global burden. The predominant genotype in the CIS and ukraine regions has been reported to be GT1, followed by GT3. Inadequate HCV epidemiological data, multiple socio-economic barriers, and the lack of regionspecific guidelines have impeded the optimal management of HCV infection in this region. In this regard, a panel of regional experts in the field of hepatology convened to discuss and provide recommendations on the diagnosis, treatment, and pre-, on-, and posttreatment assessment of chronic HCV infection and to ensure the optimal use of cost-effective antiviral regimens in the region. A comprehensive evaluation of the literature along with expert recommendations for the management of GT1-GT6 HCV infection with the antiviral agents available in the region has been provided in this review. This consensus document will help guide clinical decision-making during the management of HCV infection, further optimizing treatment outcomes in these regions.

关键词： Antiviral agents Commonwealth of Independent States Genotype Hepatitis C virus Sustained virologic response ukraine

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Cervical Cancer Prevention Challenges and Barriers to Cervical Cancer Screening and HPV Vaccinations in ukraine and Eastern Europe

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Health 2023年第6期15卷 525-543页

作者： Yana Osnytska Lindsey Ryan Martin Annekathryn Goodman Department of Gynecology Obstetrics and Gynecological Oncology Medical University of Silesia Katowice Poland Department of Surgery and Critical Care Massachusetts General Hospital Boston USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Massachusetts General Hospital Boston USA

Objectives: To identify the obstacles and issues that hinder effective cancer prevention efforts in ukraine. The study aims to provide a comprehensive assessment of the barriers to cancer prevention, including both infrastructure and behavioral factors, and identify potential solutions to address these challenges. Study Design: Comprehensive literature review. Methods: The following databases were searched: National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and PubMed (U.S. National Library of Medicine at the National Institutes of Health). The keywords used in the search included “Cervical Cancer”, “Human Papillomavirus Vaccination (HPV)”, “ukraine”, “Eastern Europe”, “Healthcare Infrastructure in Disasters”, “Cervical Cancer Prevention”, “Pap Smear”, and “HPV Testing”. Results: A total of 3500 articles were screened. A total of 65 articles met the inclusion criteria. Limited public awareness and limited access to vaccination and screening, combined with inadequate treatment facilities lead to higher rates of cervical cancer. The COVID pandemic, war with Russia, and the Chernobyl disaster are significant factors for the low level of vaccination in ukraine. Conclusion: The prevention and treatment of cervical cancer in ukraine face significant challenges due to the inadequate HPV vaccination rates and screening by cytology. Efforts to improve funding and increase education of both the population and health care providers are necessary to increase interventions such as HPV vaccination, cervical cytology, and HPV testing to reduce cervical cancer rates in ukraine.

关键词： Cervical Cancer Human Papillomavirus Vaccination ukraine Eastern Europe Healthcare Infrastructure in Disasters Cervical Cancer Prevention Pap Smear HPV Testing

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War and Peace in ukraine.A Legal-Linguistic Perspective

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Journal of Sociology Study 2023年第3期13卷 141-148页

作者： Delia Denis Stănescu Independent Scholar Romania

The current research overlaps a linguistic and a legal analysis of public international law in the Ukrainian case.Based on both official documents and public declarations,it explains the grounds for the wide range of understandings that the two common concepts-peace and war-may be bearing depending of the angle of looking at the matter and depending on the actor invoking them.The study develops the reasons likely to have been considered by President Putin when insisting to refer to the Russian military action started in ukraine in February 2022 as“special military operation”instead of“war”and the cardinal difference in terms of legal impact for such a linguistic choice.It also builds on the elements which could serve as a basis for achieving a deal in obtaining peace in ukraine,while tackling on the possible geopolitical,public communication and diplomatic hurdles,and offering clues for strategic analysis of the matter.

关键词： war peace special military operation ukraine United Nations Security Council

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Philosophy of War:the ukraine

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Journal of Philosophy Study 2022年第5期12卷 259-261页

作者： Jan-Erik Lane University of Geneva GenevaSwitzerland

The ukraine war makes the philosophy of warfare highly relevant.But the philosophers of war are few in numbers despite the numerous war mankind has experienced.The ukraine warfare is not rational in terms of Clausewit... 详细信息

关键词： War NATO ukraine Putin

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Pliocene taxodiaceous fossil wood from southwestern ukraine and its palaeoenvironmental implications

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2013年第4期2卷 362-368页

作者： Yi Tiemei Li Chengsen Svetlana Syabryaj Beijing Institute of Science and Technology Information Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Geological Sciences National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

Mineralized wood collected from Late Pliocene strata near Gorbki village in the Transcarpathian region of Beregovo Kholmogor’e in southwestern ukraine was anatomically studied and identified.The wood possesses distinctive anatomical features and has distinct growth rings with an abrupt transition from early-to late-wood.Wood consists of tracheids with 1-3 seriate,dominating bi-seriate,opposite pits on the radial walls and taxodioid crossfield pitting,indentures present.Rays are uni-seriate and 1 to 73 cells high.Ray parenchyma horizontal walls thin and smooth.Axial parenchyma distributed in early-and late-wood and is solitary and diffuse,with end walls nearly smooth or slightly nodular.The combination of features observed in the wood indicates it belongs to the conifer family Taxodiaceae and is most similar to modern Sequoia and assigned to the fossil genus Sequoioxylon.Comparison with species of Sequoioxylon show it is most similar to Sequoioxylon burejense,but ray tracheids were not found in our specimens.We describe the specimens here as Sequoioxylon cf.***.burejense noting this similarity.Extant Sequoia is distributed in the northern California coastal forest eco-region of northern California and southern Oregon in the United States where they usually grow in a unique environment with heavy seasonal precipitation(2500 mm annually),cool coastal air and fog drip.This study supplies magafossil evidence of Sequoioxylon as an element of the Late Pliocene forest community in ukraine and indicates a climate with heavy seasonal precipitation and fog drip.

关键词： Late Pliocene gymnosperm conifer Sequoioxylon fossil wood ukraine

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Implications of Publication Requirements for the Research Output of Ukrainian Academics in Scopus in 1999-2019

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Journal of Data and Information Science 2022年第3期7卷 71-93页

作者： Myroslava Hladchenko The Department of Public Administration Center for Higher Education Policy Studies(CHEPS)University of TwenteEnschedethe Netherlands

Purpose:This article explores the implications of publication requirements for the research output of Ukrainian academics in Scopus in 1999-2019.As such it contributes to the existing body of knowledge on quantitative and qualitative effects of research evaluation policies.Design/methodology/approach:Three metrics were chosen to analyse the implications of publication requirements for the quality of research output:publications in predatory journals,publications in local journals and publications per SNIP quartile from the disciplinary perspective.Findings:Study results highlight,that,firstly,publications of Ukrainian authors in predatory journals rose to 1%in 2019.Secondly,the share of publications in local journals reached the peak of 47.3%in 2015.In 2019 it fell to 31.8%.Thirdly,though the total number of publications has risen dramatically since 2011,but the share of Q3+Q4 has exceeded the share of Q1+Q2.To summarise,the study findings highligh,that research evaluation policies are required to contain not only quantitative but also qualitative criteria.Research limitation:The study does not explore in detail the effects of a particular type of publication requirements.Practical implications:The findings of the study have practical implications for policymakers and university managers aimed to develop research evaluation policies.Originality/value:This paper gains insights into the effects of publication requirements on the research output of Ukrainian academics in Scopus.

关键词： Publication requirements Local journals Predatory journals,Scopus ukraine

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Geothermal Energy Production Potential from Oil and Gas Fields in Western ukraine

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Journal of Geological Resource and Engineering 2019年第4期7卷 123-131页

作者： Oleksandr Burachok Oleksandr Kondrat Schlumberger Software Integrated Solutions Guenther-Wagner-Allee 1930177Germany Oil and Gas Production Department Institute of Oil and Gas EngineeringIvano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and GasKarpatska Str.15Ivano-Frankivsk 76019Ukraine

Western ukraine as well as Crimea Peninsula is well known for their geothermal potential.The classic low enthalpy geothermal project is based on the construction of a binary power plant,and includes recycling of water through one or several doublets of wells;produced hot water is directed to a heat exchanger(vaporizer),in which a secondary(working)fluid with low boiling point and high vapor pressure vaporizes and rotates a turbine to produce electricity.The highest risk for the project is associated with drilling new wells,which may not hit the target or not have the required productivity.Western ukraine is one of the oldest oil and gas production regions in Europe.The majority of the fields are on a late stage of the development that is characterized with high produced volumes of water that after separation is being reinjected back for pressure support.In this study,we evaluated the possibility of geothermal energy production,extracted from water that is produced together with oil and gas,based on numerical reservoir simulation models for a typical reservoir setting.

关键词： Western ukraine geothermal energy energy production potential sensitivity analysis reservoir simulation

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Nature-Resource Potential of the Carpathian Region of ukraine and Specificities of Its Use by Farming Enterprises

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Natural Resources 2013年第3期4卷 257-262页

作者： Valeriy Rudenko Myroslav Zayachyk Mariya Palamaryuk Chernivtsi National University Chernivtsi Ukraine.

Method of nature-resource potential cost revaluation is suggested. The method proceeds from natural crop yield of Ukrainian lands provided that crops rotation is observed and lands are operated only mechanically with the use of no fertilizer. Nature-resource potential of ukraine and its Carpathian Region are assessed in the aspect of administrative oblasts. Specificities of nature-resource potential’s use by farming enterprises are characterized. Peculiarities that effected upon formation of farming in ukraine are reviewed. Indices of land availability are presented.

关键词： ukraine Nature Resources Value Assessment Carpathian Region of ukraine Farming Enterprises

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