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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2024年第3期13卷 561-574页

作者： Kim Hamers Nienke Moor Masi Mohammadi Research Group Architecture in Health HAN University of Applied SciencesArnhemthe Netherlands Chair Smart Architectural Technologies Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoventhe Netherlands

Dutch housing associations are dealing with a growing number of tenants who are ageing in ***,there is a lack of suitable housing that meets the(social)needs of this target *** housing,which offers a socio-spatial context that facilitates encounters between residents,is considered a promising housing concept to(partly)fill this ***,clustered housing is a broad concept consisting of a variety of housing types that differ from each other in the extent to which people“live together”.Still little is known about which types of clustered housing can be distinguished in relation to the potential for social ***,in this article we distinguish between types of clustered housing based on social,organizational,and spatial building *** have mapped these characteristics by combining real estate data of housing association Woonzorg Nederland with survey data collected among their building *** on this dataset,an explorative cluster analysis was performed,resulting in four types of clustered ***,further exploration of the data shows that,from the perspective of building managers,residents of certain types of clustered housing interact more often and feel more connected with each other than residents of non-clustered housing types.

关键词： Clustered housing typology Seniors Social housing

typology and Agroecology of Agroecosystems in Vegetation Dynamics in the Ecotones of the Mbam and Inoubou

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Open Journal of Forestry 2024年第1期14卷 42-66页

作者： Alex Bruno Dong Etchike Lucie Félicité Temgoua Bertine Tiokeng Marie Caroline Momo Solefack Martin Benoit Ngassoum Pierre Marie Mapongmetsem Laboratory of Applied Botany Faculty of Sciences of the University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Department of Forestry Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences of the University of Ngaoundéré Ngaoundéré Cameroon Laboratory of Biodiversity and Sustainable Development of the University of Ngaoundéré Ngaoundéré Cameroon

Agroforestry systems strongly characterize the Cameroonian agrarian landscape. Agroforests are among those structuring the ecotones of Mbam and Inoubou in the Central Cameroon region. Numerous works on agroecosystems of Central and South Cameroon, few have come out contribution of the structure of these traditional systems in the dynamics of the vegetation of these forest-savannah ecotones. The present contribution has the overall objective of demonstrating the structural efficiency of agroforests the dynamics of ecotone vegetation, but also in the conservation of biodiversity. To do this, a participatory analysis was carried out with 56 farmers distributed in the five villages of Makénéné. Botanical inventories supplemented socio-economic household surveys. The data collected was subjected to various analyzes (univariate test, analysis of variance, multivariate test, PCA, CAH). The results reveal that 55.2% of agroforests are less than 15 years old and those with an area greater than 1500 m2 predominate (33%). They are mainly young with generally small surface areas. The horizontal structure reveals that the largest diameter classes are those of [20 - 30 cm[ and [10 - 20 cm[ with a very low rate of basal area. Agroforests with trees over 10 m high are dominant in five villages of Makénéné. Two types of structural profiles characterize the agroforestry flora of the area, namely intensive pluristratified home gardens on savannah and intensive pluristratified agroforests under forest-savannah transition vegetation. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Ascending Hierarchical Clustering (HAC) show three Agroforest Clusters each. The PCA distribution reveals that woody biomass (Y) is strongly correlated with tree diameter (DBH) and significantly with height (Cluster 2). The age (AAG) (Cluster 1) of these agroforests, on the other hand, remains independent of the density (DST) of these trees (Cluster 3). The agroforests in the Nyokon, Carrière and Mocksud vil

关键词： Agroforests Agroecosystem Center Cameroon Dynamics Agroecology typology

Promoting Sickle Cell Trait Awareness and Education: A typology of Interventions in the United States to Inform Ongoing Efforts to Patients and Providers

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Health 2024年第4期16卷 280-308页

作者： Stacey Cunnington Jacey Greece Department of Community Health Sciences Boston University School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts USA

Research Background: Sickle cell trait has no treatment or cure and predominantly affects people who are Black, but can affect anyone of any race or ethnicity. While commonly incorrectly considered benign by providers and the public, people with a sickle cell trait experience life-threatening outcomes that are exacerbated by extreme conditions. There is a severe lack of awareness and understanding of sickle cell trait and the associated health complications among sickle cell trait carriers and healthcare providers. Purpose/Aim: Interventions that aim to improve awareness of sickle cell trait differ in approaches and are not well documented in the literature. This typology aims to highlight current efforts to inform targeted interventions that raise awareness through consistent messaging, educate people and providers on sickle cell trait and the related health complications, and support the design and implementation of comprehensive sickle cell trait awareness initiatives. Methods: We conducted a scoping review of United States-based sickle cell trait interventions and performed a content analysis to identify the categories and characteristics of these efforts. We then organized the results into a typology according to established protocols. Results: Among 164 interventions, twenty-five (15%) met the typology inclusion criteria described above and were grouped into categories: Seven of twenty-five interventions were Educational Interventions (28%), three of twenty-five interventions (12%) were Combined Screening and Educational-Based Interventions, eight of twenty-five interventions (32%) were Policy and Guideline-Based Intervention, and six of twenty-five interventions (24%) were Sickle Cell Trait Organization-Led Interventions. Conclusions: There is a lack of consistency in messaging across interventions whether delivered by credible healthcare institutions or national organizations, which can result in lack of education and awareness and confusion around sickle ce

关键词： Sickle Cell Trait Awareness Sickle Cell Trait Messaging Sickle Cell Trait Intervention typology Scoping Review

A study on typology of areas densely populated with foreigners in Seoul, South Korea

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2022年第4期11卷 747-760页

作者： Chan Young Park CultureNSpace Daegu 41908South Korea

This study identifies the types of areas in Seoul where foreigners are concentrated by reflecting the characteristics of their region of origin and residence in Seoul. Lack of cultural understanding and uniform policies for various immigrant communities are causing some social issues. Hence, this study aims to prepare the basic data from which the government can predict changes in ethnic areas and prepare policies suitable for each derived type. The 14 most populous immigrant communities in Seoul were investigated, and cluster analysis and ANOVA test were performed. This examination resulted in four immigrant community types. Each type has specific characteristics, which have influenced the creation and change of the built environment. Types 1 and 4 are collectivistic. These types gradually tend to change urban environments to emulate the environment in their region of origin. In addition, they make little effort to improve their degraded environments, and such areas become increasingly backward. In contrast, types 2 and 3 are individualistic and prefer to assimilate into a migrant region. The formation and change of the urban environment for each type can be predicted on the basis of these characteristics. From this information, the government can prepare an appropriate urban architecture policy for each type.

关键词： Foreigners Immigrant communities Seoul South Korea typology Migration

Innovation:A state-of-the-art review and typology

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International Journal of Innovation Studies 2023年第4期7卷 281-290页

作者： Dmitry M.Kochetkov Centre for Science and Technology Studies Leiden UniversityLeidenthe Netherlands Peoples'Friendship University of Russia(RUDN University) MoscowRussia

Innovation is often an object of study in economics and ***,the social and behavioral aspects of innovation acceptance are as important as the economics of product development.A significant portion of the literature considers innovation as a change in the way social actions are conducted,entailing a wide range of social,economic,behavioral,and institutional *** approaches have given rise to the need for a ***(1998)divided innovation into three groups depending on the aspects of the phenomenon:theory of entrepreneurship,technological and social aspects,and strategic *** Sundbo's conceptual framework,this study supplemented and developed it based on recent literature that appeared after ***,this study added new directions at the second level of decomposition and the relationships between different aspects of *** particular,this study analyzed phenomena such as open innovation,agile innovation,and“helix”***,this study developed a novel typology of innovation that expands the theoretical knowledge in this *** on these findings,this study proposed promising areas for future innovation studies.

关键词： Innovation Entrepreneurship typology Triple helix

typology and Risk Factors of Public Road Accidents in Kinshasa with Its Two Peripheral Areas (Mongata and Kasangulu) from March to May 2017

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2022年第4期12卷 619-634页

作者： Muanyimi Bope Pierre Milambo Kapia Patrick Bope Kwete Minga Barthélémy Pembi Pembi Francy Valentine Ngimbi Nzau Munanga Arthur ISTM-Kinshasa Community Health Kinshasa The Democratic Republic of Congo PNLCT Kinshasa The Democratic Republic of Congo ISAM-Kisantu/Dressing Techniques Kinshasa The Democratic Republic of Congo

Introduction: Road traffic put people at risks and needs health education to avoid accidents and deaths. This article aimed to build up a typology of public road accidents (public road accidents) and risk factors associated with in the provincial city of Kinshasa and its peripheral cities (Kasangulu and Mongata), to identify the profiles of the vehicles and people involved in these public road accidents. Method: We conducted a prospective eco-analytical study on a stratified random sample whose size was determined by the Fischer formula. Results: Overall, from March to May 2017, we witnessed an incidence of public road accidents cases ranging from 139 public road accidents cases in the city province of Kinshasa and its two peripheral areas: road axes of high concentration: Rte Blvd Lumumba-Airport;Rte Poids Lourd-Pont Matete, the axes of medium concentration: Rte N21-IMBU, Rte Blvd 30 juin-socimat;Rte Matadi-Kasangulu toll;Rte Université-Intendance, Rte By Pass-triangle Maman Mobutu-Kintambo (Rte-Matadi)-Toll/lère virage-Triangle Maman Mobutu and those of low concentration were: Rte du tourisme/Mimoza-Mbudi;Rte Matadi-Terrain Siwabanza. Conclusion: In these areas, public road accidents are a real public health problem that deserves sustained attention from all and especially from decision makers. Interventions must concern the HVE accident complex.

关键词： typology Risk Factors Public Road Accidents

typology of religious spaces in the urban historical area of Lhasa, Tibet

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2017年第3期6卷 384-400页

作者： Yingzi Zhang Tao Wei Department of Architecture Southwest diaotong University Chengdu 611756 China

This work focuses on the spatial compositions and characteristics of religious sites and surrounding pilgrimage space in the city of Lhasa, which is the sacred center of Tibet. The modernization and urbanization of the city in recent decades have transformed the spatial and socioeconomic positions of its urban religious sites. The present study offers insights into the composition of urban religious spaces in the city of Lhasa with consideration to the spatiality and sociality of these spaces. After examining the current situations of retigious spaces, we classify the target spaces into five types using the duster analysis method and identify the characteristics of each type. We then discuss the socioeconomic values of each type of religious space and derive recommendations for planners. The analysis performed in this study may contribute in the soeciat planning for the protection of religious traditions.

关键词： Tibetan Buddhism Religious space Mandala typology

Aspects of anaphora in Chinese and in some Germanic,Romance,and Slavic languages,the‘syntactic'versus‘pragmatic'language typology,and neo-Gricean pragmatics

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外语教学与研究 2015年第5期47卷 673-694页

作者：黄衍北京外国语大学

In this article,two types of anaphora—(i)null subjects and(ii)long-distance reflexivisation— will be briefly compared and contrasted between Chinese and some Germanic,Romance,and Slavic languages,showing how they are different *** Huang(2000a,2013a),utilising intra-sentential anaphora as a testing ground,I shall re-hypothesise that languages in the world can roughly be divided into two groups:syntactic and ***,I shall outline an analysis of long-distance reflexivisation in Chinese in terms of my neo-Gricean pragmatic theory of anaphora.

关键词： anaphora null subjects long-distance reflexivisation syntactic VS. pragmatic language typology neo-Gricean pragmatic theory of anaphora

typology of Local Construction Materials from the Adamawa and North-West Regions of Cameroon

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Geomaterials 2016年第2期6卷 50-59页

作者： Zo’o Zame Philémon Nzeukou Nzeugang Aubin Uphie Chinje Melo Mache Jacques Richard Ndifor Divine Azigui Nni Jean Department of Earth Sciences University of Yaoundé Yaoundé Cameroon Local Materials Promotion Authority (MIPROMALO) Yaoundé Cameroon National Civil Engineering Laboratory (LABOGENIE) Yaoundé Cameroon

This article summarizes the different local construction materials observed in two regions of Cameroon (Adamawa and North-West). These raw materials were mapped and evaluated using various methods of investigation (spatial distribution, estimation of reserves, development of a database compatible with geo-referenced maps). The results obtained show three types of local construction materials (vegetal, pedological and geological) with quantitative estimation or distribution. Vegetal local materials include herbaceous savanna with strong dominance of straw in Adamawa region than the North West region. Pedological local construction materials include lateritic soils (ferruginous or clayey), harplan, sandy clay and sandy clay soil while geological local construction materials include volcanic, plutonic and metamorphic rocks. Many sites of these geological materials are suitable for the rock quarry plant. Adamawa region also contains sedimentary rocks constituted by metamorphic conglomerate and sandstones. Two main types of residential homes are constructed with these local construction materials in these regions of Cameroon. These include huts and houses.

关键词： Local Construction Materials typology Adamawa and North-West Regions Cameroon

typology-based Vitality Promotion of Urban Waterfront Public Space in the Three Gorges Reservoir

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Journal of Landscape Research 2017年第1期9卷 51-56,60页

作者： TAN Xin CAO Yu WANG Hangli Chongqing Wanzhou Institute of Planning and Design

Revitalization of waterfront-a precious resource of city has gradually become popular worldwide. Cities around the Three Gorges Reservoir grow and proper for the Yangtze River,thus waterfront in these cities has been long ignored or faced with "constructive destruction" with the city development. This paper divided urban waterfront public spaces around the Three Gorges into 3 kinds of spaces,namely point,line and surface,from the perspective of typology,and put forward strategies such as functional renovation,and improvement of spatial scale from the perspectives of land use and traffic,to enhance the vitality of waterfront public space.

关键词： Waterfront Public space Vitality typology