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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2021年第3期28卷 450-461页

作者： Behrouz Bagheri Mahmoud Abbasi Amin Abdollahzadeh Department of Mining and Metallurgy Amirkabir University of TechnologyTehranIran Faculty of Engineering University of KashanRavandi Blvd.KashanIran Department of Materials Science and Engineering Faculty of EngineeringShahid Chamran University of AhvazAhvazIran

This study compared the microstructure and mechanical characteristics of AA6061-T6 joints produced using friction stir welding(FSW),friction stir vibration welding(FSVW),and tungsten inert gas welding(TIG).FSVW is a modified version of FSW wherein the joining specimens are vibrated normal to the welding line during FSW.The results indicated that the weld region grains for FSVW and FSW were equiaxed and were smaller than the grains for TIG.In addition,the weld region grains for FSVW were finer compared with those for FSW.Results also showed that the strength,hardness,and toughness values of the joints produced by FSVW were higher than those of the other joints produced by FSW and TIG.The vibration during FSW enhanced dynamic recrystallization,which led to the development of finer grains.The weld efficiency of FSVW was approximately 81%,whereas those of FSW and TIG were approximately 74%and 67%,respectively.

关键词： friction stir welding vibration tungsten inert gas welding mechanical characteristics microstructure

Influence of arc pressure on the forming of molten pool in tungsten inert gas arc butt welding with micro gap for tantalum sheet

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China welding 2006年第3期15卷 64-67页

作者：周方明钱乙余 State Key Laboratory of Advanced welding Production Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced welding Technology Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Zhenjiang 212003

Arc pressure is the key influencing factor to forming of molten pool. Countering the characteristic of tungsten inert gas arc welding with micro gap for tantalum sheet, according to the fundament of arc physics, a distribution model of arc pressure and forming mechanism of molten pool with micro butt gap are proposed, and the influences of arc pressure on forming of molten pool are discussed. Experimental researches for the dynamic formation process of weld molten pool by using high-speed vidicon camera show that when butt gap is appropriate, that is from 0. 1 to 0. 15 mm, molten metals formed on two workpiece uplift and grow up first, then are fused and form uniform molten pool finally.

关键词： arc pressure tantalum sheet micro butt gap tungsten inert gas welding mechanism of forming

Effects of aging treatment and heat input on the microstructures and mechanical properties of TIG-welded 6061-T6 alloy joints

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2013年第3期20卷 259-265页

作者： Dong Peng Jun Shen Qin Tang Cui-ping Wu Yan-bing Zhou College of Material Science & Engineering Chongqing University Fabrication Workshop Dongfang Turbine Co. Ltd.

Aging treatment and various heat input conditions and mechanical properties of TIG welded 606I-T6 alloy joints were adopted to investigate the microstructural evolution by microstructural observations, microhardness tests, and tensile tests. With an increase in heat input, the width of the heat-affected zone （HAZ） increases and grains in the fusion zone （FZ） coarsen. Moreover, the hardness of the HAZ decreases, whereas that of the FZ decreases initially and then increases with an increase in heat input. Low heat input results in the low ultimate tensile strength of the welded joints due to the presence of partial penetrations and pores in the welded joints. After a simple artificial aging treatment at 175℃ for 8 h, the microstructure of the welded joints changes slightly. The mechanical properties of the welded joints enhance significantly after the aging process as few precipitates distribute in the welded seam.

关键词： aluminum alloys tungsten inert gas welding heat input aging mechanical properties microstructure

Corrosion Behaviors of Pure Titanium and Its Weldment in Simulated Desulfurized Flue gas Condensates in Thermal Power Plant Chimney

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2015年第4期28卷 477-486页

作者： Zheng-Bing Wang Hong-Xiang Hu Chun-Bo Liu Huai-Ning Chen Yu-Gui Zheng Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences Center for Wear and Corrosion Resistant Materials Huadian Zhengzhou Mechanical Design Institute Co.Ltd. Laboratory of Properties and Reliable Joining of Welded Joints Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences

The corrosion behaviors of pure titanium and its weldment welded by tungsten inert gas （TIG） welding in simulated desulfurized flue gas condensates in thermal power plant chimney were investigated using potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS） and immersion tests. The effects of heat input and shielding gases on the corrosion behavior of the welded titanium were also studied. Grain coarsening and Widmanst^itten structure were found in both the fusion zone and the heat-affected zone. The welded titanium exhibited active-passive behavior in the simulated condensates. Both the polarization curves and EIS measurements confirmed that TIG welding process with different parameters had few effects on the corrosion behavior. It was proved that the microstructure changes were not the key material factors affecting the corrosion behavior of pure titanium under the test conditions, while the oxide film had remarkable effect on improving the corrosion resistance.

关键词： Pure titanium tungsten inert gas welding Simulated desulfurized flue gas condensates Corrosion behavior Microstructure Oxide film

Comparison of the Stress Corrosion Cracking Behaviour of AISI 304 Pipes Welded by TIG and LBW

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2021年第4期34卷 579-589页

作者： Ji-Jin Xu Shuai Wang Ze Chai Chun Yu Jun-Mei Chen Hao Lu Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China

The stress corrosion cracking(SCC)behaviour of AISI 304 pipe girth welds which were welded by a single-pass laser beam welding(LBW)and a multi-pass tungsten inert gas welding(TIG),respectively,was studied by the slow strain rate tests combined with the electrochemical corrosion tests.The results show that fracture of both the TIG joint and LBW joint occurs in the heat-affected zone(HAZ).According to the electron-backscattered diffraction observation of the micro structures,comparison of potentiodynamic polarization curves and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of corrosion products on HAZs of the two joints after the electrochemical tests,the LBW joint exhibits better SCC resistance than the TIG joint in corrosion environments,due to the synthetic effect of more Cr_(2)O_(3) in corrosion products,finer grains,lower residual strain and higher δ-ferrite content in its HAZ.Although the TIG joint has better mechanical property,considering lower SCC susceptibility and higher production efficiency of the LBW joint,the LBW promisingly replaces the TIG for welding of AISI304 pipes in the nuclear power industry.

关键词： Laser beam welding Slow strain rate test Stress corrosion cracking tungsten inert gas welding AISI 304 stainless steel

Particle Swarm Optimization of Printing Parameters for Open-source TIG-based Metal 3D Printing

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering(Additive Manufacturing Frontiers) 2022年第4期1卷 27-35页

作者： Shane Oberloier Wilson J Holmes Luke A Reich Joshua M Pearce Department of Electrical&Computer Engineering Michigan Technological UniversityHoughtonMI 49931USA Department of Mechanical Engineering–Engineering Mechanics Michigan Technological UniversityHoughtonMI 49931USA Department of Electrical&Computer Engineering Ivey Business SchoolWestern UniversityLondonN6A 5B9Canada

Proprietary metal 3D printing is still relegated to relatively expensive systems that have been constructed over years of expensive trial-and-error to obtain optimum 3D printing settings.Low-cost open-source metal 3D printers can potentially democratize metal additive manufacturing;however,significant resources are required to redevelop optimal printing parameters for each metal on new machines.In this study,the particle swam optimization(PSO)experimenter,a free and open-source software package,is utilized to obtain the optimal printing parameters for a tungsten inert gas-based metal open source 3D printer.The software is a graphical user interface implementation of the PSO method and is designed specifically for hardware-in-loop testing.It uses the input of experimental variables and their respective ranges,and then proposes iterations for experiments.A custom fitness function is defined to characterize the experimental results and provide feedback to the algorithm for low-cost metal additive manufacturing.Four separate trials are performed to determine the optimal parameters for 3D printing.First,an experiment is designed to deposit and optimize the parameters for a single line.Second,the parameters for a single-layer plane is optimized experimentally.Third,the optimal printing parameters for a cube is determined experimentally.Fourth,the line optimization experiment is revised and reconducted using different shield gas parameters.The results and limitations are presented and discussed in the context of expanding wire arc additive manufacturing to more systems and material classes for distributed digital manufacturing.

关键词： Metal 3D printing Additive manufacturing tungsten inert gas welding TIG welding Particle swarm optimization RepRap

Corrosion resistance and antibacterial activity of different zones in TA2 weldment by TIG welding

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Rare Metals 2020年第12期39卷 1449-1456页

作者： Yan-Ping Zhu Chang-Yi Li Lian-Yun Zhang Department of Prosthodontics Tianjin Stomatological HospitalTianjin300041China School of Stomatology Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China

The corrosion resistance behavior of TA2 pure titanium processed by tungsten inert gas(TIG)welding was investigated in artificial saliva solution at 37℃.By metallographic examination,electrochemical measurement technology,and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS),the corrosion resistance of the base metal(BM),heat-affected zone(HAZ),and weld metal(WM)were investigated.Metallographic examination experiments show that welding process would cause the growth of grain size.In addition,phase change happens in the HAZ and WM.The change of grain size and phase would influence the generation of the original passive film.The electrochemical tests show that the BM,HAZ,and WM are all equipped with good corrosion resistance.The welded joint shows a better corrosion resistance than the original TA2.It is shown that the BM with the lowest corrosion potential and the biggest corrosion current has a worse corrosion resistance than WM as well as HAZ.Silver(Ag)nanoparticles can be distributed on the WM zone of Ti uniformly.The WM zone of Ti with Ag coating considerably enhances the antibacterial activity of Ti implants.

关键词： Titanium tungsten inert gas welding Corrosion resistance Artificial saliva solution Antibacterial activity

Diagnosis of TIG welding based on ultraviolet radiation

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China welding 2009年第2期18卷 6-11页

作者：李志勇顾小燕王宝 welding Technology Research Center North University of China Taiyuan 030051

Through collecting the radiation of tungsten inert gas （TIG） welding arc, the radiation distribution in ultraviolet zone is analyzed in order to study the variation rule of ultraviolet radiation versus welding condition. The explanation for the variation is also provided based on spectral radiation theory of arc light. Furthermore, through analysis of disturbance factors, the integral intensity signal of radiation in ultraviolet zone is applied for diagnosis of welding process. The spectral signal of ultraviolet radiation can reflect the disturbance factors and welding conditions, which can be used for online diagnosis of welding process.

关键词： arc spectrum ultraviolet zone tungsten inert gas welding disturbance factor

Influence of shielding gas and non-consumable electrode configuration on weld formation

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China welding 2021年第4期30卷 17-24页

作者： Aleksandr Savinov Oleg Polesskiy Vladimir Lysak Pavel Krasikov Artem Chudin Volgograd State Technical University Lenin av.28Volgograd400005Russia

The effect of the shielding gas composition and the cathode processing history on the weld formation quality during welding with a non-consumable electrode at high current was studied. The major reasons for pores, “waists” and undercuts formation during welding at high currents and speed are discrete melt movement to the solidification front due to the arc decline from the cathode axis and significant melt overhanging in the pool tail part caused by excessive peak pressure on the discharge axis. Cathode flow dispersion causes the lack of displacement of the molten metal which results in its laminar flow in the weld pool, uniform flow of the metal to the crystallization front and sound weld formation. The melt movement in the weld pool and eventually the welded joint quality is determined by the pressure distribution pattern on the welded metal surface and the anode spot lag from the electrode. It was demonstrated that non-consumable electrode configurations that provide arcing with a diffuse cathode spot and increased helium concentration in the inert atmosphere during welding with a conical electrode allow sound weld formation.

关键词： tungsten inert gas welding non-consumable electrode inert gas weld seam formation

Metal vapor behavior in double electrodes TIG welding

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China welding 2018年第3期27卷 27-34页

作者：王新鑫罗怡樊丁 School of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing University of Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Lanzhou University of Technology

In present paper, the metal vapour behavior in double electrodes TIG welding was investigated by a numerical model, including the arc plasma and weld pool. The thermodynamic parameters and transport coefficients of the arc plasma were dependent on both the local temperature and the mass ratio of the metal vapour. A second viscosity approximation was used to formulate the diffusion coefficient of the metal vapour in the arc plasma. The temperature and flow fields together with the metal vapour concentration were simulated, and the influences of metal vapour on the arc plasma and the weld pool were analyzed. It was found that the metal vapour transport in the arc plasma was significantly influenced by the flow of the arc plasma, and the distribution of the metal vapour was more extended in the direction perpendicular to the line through the double electrodes tips. Both the arc plasma and the heat flux at the weld pool were constricted by the presence of the metal vapour, while the metal vapour had a minor effect on the total heat input to the work piece and the weld pool profile as a whole.

关键词： metal vapour double electrodes tungsten inert gas welding heat input