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Beam-beam effects and mitigation in a future proton-proton collider

Nuclear Science and Techniques 2022年第10期33卷 90-105页

作者： Li-Jiao Wang Tanaji Sen Jing-Yu Tang Lin-Hao Zhang Institute of High Energy Physics CASYuquan Road 19BBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS19A Yuquan RoadBeijing 100049China Spallation Neutron Source Science Center Dongguan 523803China Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory P.O.Box 500BataviaIL 60510USA

The beam-beam effects in a hadron collider with an unprecedented energy scale were *** effects are strongly related to the attainable luminosity of the ***-range interactions were identified as the major factor limiting the dynamic aperture,which is strongly dependent on the crossing angle,β*,and bunch *** mitigation methods of the beam-beam effects were addressed,with a focus on the compensation of long-range interactions by electric curren *** CEPC-SPPC project is a two-stage large circular collider,with a first-stage circular electron-positron collider(CEPC)and a second-stage super proton-proton collider(SPPC).The design of the SPPC aims to achieve a center-of-mass energy of 75 TeV and peak luminosity of approximately 1×10^(35) cm^(-2)s^(-1).We studied the beam-beam effects in the SPPC and tested the effectiveness of the mitigation *** found that with compensation using electric current wires,the dynamic aperture is at an acceptable ***,considering the significant emittance damping in this future proton-proton collider the beam-beam effects and compensation are more complicated and are studied using long-term *** was found that with a smaller emittance,the head-on interactions with a crossing angle become more prominent in reducing the beam stability,and combined head-on and long-range compensation is needed to improve the beam *** the reduction in population owing to burnoff was included,it was found that the coupling between the transverse and longitudinal planes at smaller emittance is the main driving source of the ***,crab cavities and emittance control are also necessary than just the compensation of the long-range interactions to improve the beam *** study serves as an example for studying the beam-beam effects in future proton-proton colliders.

关键词： Particle collider Beam-beam effects Luminosity tune footprint Dynamic aperture

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