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Analysis model of internal residence time distribution for fluid flow in a multi-strand continuous casting tundish

Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第9期31卷 2186-2195页

作者： Qiang Yue Yue Li Zi-ming Wang Ben-chen Sun Xiu-zhen Wang School of Metallurgical Engineering Anhui University of TechnologyMa’anshan243002AnhuiChina School of Mechanical Engineering Anhui University of TechnologyMa’anshan243002AnhuiChina

The external residence time distribution(RTD)curve is extensively used to characterise fluid flow within the single-strand continuous casting *** volume fraction determination typically relies on the external RTD curve to reveal macroscopic fluid flow *** on the external RTD to effectively assess dead volume fractions and other fluid characteristics under conditions of internal non-uniform flow,an internal RTD was *** a smooth pipe under laminar flow conditions,the dead region occupies 25%of the total volume,which is defined as the space between the pipe wall and a radius of 0.866 R0(where R0 is the radius of pipe).Under turbulent flow conditions,the dead region only occupies 0.38%of the reactor’s internal volume,spanning from the pipe wall to a radius of 0.00189 *** results obtained using the external RTD method are consistent with the theoretical *** trials involving water were conducted to examine the flow of molten steel within a five-strand ***,an analysis approach employing internal RTD was employed to evaluate fluid mixing within a multi-flow continuous casting *** the internal RTD method,the analysis revealed that the whole dead zone volume fraction of the intermediate package decreased from 26.9%to 18.9%after the addition of the flow control *** dead volume fraction can be accurately depicted by utilising the internal mean RTD *** association between the internal RTD function and the external average RTD can be effectively employed to scrutinise the response curve of the tracer within a system exhibiting uneven flow distribution.

关键词： tundish Internal residence time distribution Dead volume Critical velocity Mathematical modelling

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Numerical investigation of the effect of transitory strand opening on mixing in a multistrand tundish

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2011年第5期18卷 535-542页

作者： Sabin Kumar Mishra Pradeep Kumar Jha Satish Chandra Sharma Satish Kumar Ajmani Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Indian Institute of Technology RoorkeeRoorkee 247667UttarakhandIndia Steelmaking and Casting Research Group Tata SteelR&DBurma MinesJamshedpur 831007JharkhandIndia

In a multistrand,the outlet near the inlet produces short circuiting *** leads to the formation of dead zones inside the tundish,and consequently,the mean residence time *** the present study,numerical investigation of mixing inside a delta shaped tundish with sloping boundaries was carried out by solving the Navier-Stokes equation and employing the standard turbulence *** decrease the dead zone volume inside the tundish,the effect of closing the outlet near the inlet for a small amount of time and further opening it on the mixing behavior of the tundish was *** outlets near the inlet were closed for varying amount of time,and the transient analysis of fluid flow and the tracer dispersion study were carried out to find the mixing parameters of the tundish,namely,mean residence time and the ratio of mixed to dead volume of the *** optimum closure time of the near outlet has been found,which yields best mixing inside the *** numerical code was validated against the experimental observation by performing the tracer dispersion study inside a multistrand tundish and the reasonably good match between the experimental and numerical results in terms of residence time distribution （RTD） *** results obtained from the present study confirm the strong role of choosing the right time for opening and closing the outlets to get improved characteristics for the fluid flow and mixing behavior of the *** educational version of computational fluid dynamics （CFD） software PHOENICS was used to solve the governing equations and interpret the results in different forms.

关键词： continuous casting billets tundish flow simulation mean residence time dead volume computational fluid dynamics (CFD)

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“Power curve”key factor affecting metallurgical effects of an induction heating tundish

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2022年第1期29卷 151-164页

作者： Bin Yang An-yuan Deng Peng-fei Duan Xiao-lei Kang En-gang Wang Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials(Ministry of Education) Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110004LiaoningChina School of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110004LiaoningChina

The key to acquire good metallurgical effects with induction heating tundish is to understand the flow field,temperature field and the movement of inclusions in the tundish with different induction heating power *** on the production of a factory,this work established a multi-field coupling mathematical model to find out the link between the heating power curve and the metallurgical effects of the *** results indicated that the heating efficiency of an induction heating tundish not only was affected by the heating power,but also related to the flow and temperature field in the *** the induction heater was used intermittently and the induction heater was turned on,the molten steel was controlled by electromagnetic force,and the flow field basically remained ***,when the induction heater was turned off,the velocity of molten steel got small,and the thermal buoyancy could greatly change the flow,forming short-circuit flow;besides,large number of inclusions suddenly escaped from the outlet of the *** the molten steel was heated continuously,the flow field,temperature field and inclusions behavior remained basically *** both energy saving and maintaining good metallurgical effects,continuous heating(the power increasing stepwise over time)should be selected.

关键词： tundish Induction heating Inclusions Flow Temperature

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Formation of free-surface vortex and vortex suppression by rotating stopper-rod at end of tundish casting

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第5期31卷 1104-1116页

作者： Qing Fang Peng Zhao Hua Zhang Wen-hao Zhou Gang Yu Jia-hui Wang Hong-wei Ni The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430081HubeiChina Hunan Valin Xiangtan Iron and Steel Co. Ltd.Xiangtan411101HunanChina Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for New Processes of Ironmaking and Steelmaking Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430081HubeiChina

A rotating stopper-rod technique was proposed to suppress the formation of free-surface vortex in the *** large eddy simulation model coupled with volume of fluid model was developed to study the steel–slag–gas three-phase flow *** critical slag entrapment height of the free-surface vortex and mass of residual steel were predicted at different rotating speeds(30,60,90 and 120 r/min)of the rotating *** numerical model was verified by water model *** results showed that by rotating the stopper-rod in the opposite direction of the vortex above the submerged entry nozzle,the formation of vortex can be effectively disturbed and the critical height of the free-surface vortex can be *** for the 2nd strand,when the rotating speeds are 30,60,90 and 120 r/min,the critical height of the free-surface vortex above the 2nd strand is 7.3,4.7,6.3 and 7.4 cm,respectively.A reasonable rotating speed should be 60 r/min,which can reduce about 2 tons of residual *** rotating speeds just can reduce about 1.6 tons of residual steel.

关键词： tundish Free-surface vortex Stopper-rod Numerical simulation Multiphase flow

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Numerical simulation on the multiphase flow and reoxidation of the molten steel in a two-strand tundish during ladle change

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第7期31卷 1540-1553页

作者： Jingcheng Wang Zhentong Liu Wei Chen Hongliang Chen Lifeng Zhang School of Mechanical Engineering Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering North China University of TechnologyBeijing 100144China

A 3D mathematical model was proposed to investigate the molten steel–slag–air multiphase flow in a two-strand slab continuous casting(CC)tundish during ladle *** study focused on the exposure of the molten steel and the subsequent reoxidation *** exposure of the molten steel was calculated using the coupled realizable k–εmodel and volume of fluid(VOF)*** diffusion of dissolved oxygen was determined by solving the user-defined scalar(UDS)***,the user-defined function(UDF)was used to describe the source term in the UDS equation and determine the oxidation rate and oxidation *** effect of the refilling speed on the molten steel exposure and dissolved oxygen content was also *** the refilling speed during ladle change reduced the refilling time and the exposure duration of the molten ***,the elevated refilling speed enlarged the slag eyes and increased the average dissolved oxygen content within the tundish,thereby exacerbating the reoxidation *** addition,the time required for the molten steel with a high dissolved oxygen content to exit the tundish varied with the refilling *** the inlet speed was 3.0 m·s^(-1)during ladle change,the molten steel with a high dissolved oxygen content exited the outlet in a short period,reaching a maximum dissolved oxygen content of 0.000525wt%.Conversely,when the inlet speed was 1.8 m·s^(-1),the maximum dissolved oxygen content was 0.000382wt%.The refilling speed during the ladle change process must be appropriately decreased to minimize reoxidation effects and enhance the steel product quality.

关键词： tundish ladle change reoxidation multiphase flow numerical simulation

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Fluid Flow in tundish Due to Different Type Arrangement of Weir and Dam

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Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing 2002年第1期9卷 13-15页

作者： Yanping Bao, Wei Jiang,Baomei Xu, Haizhong Zhang Metallurgy School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China E-mail: baoyp@metall .ustb .edu. cn Metall. Sch. Univ. of Sci. and Technol. Beijing Beijing 100083 China

tundish is an important metallurgical reactor in the continuous castingprocess. In order to control the fluid flow in tundish and thus take full advantage of the residencetime available for the removal of inclusions from molten steel, the effect of weir and dam on thefluid flow has been studied in a water model based on the characteristic number Froude and Reynoldnumber similarity criteria. The residence time distribution curves of the flow were measured bySG800. The optimum arrangement of darn and weir and the nonstationary flow in tundish werediscussed. The results show that the combination of weir and dam is benefit for the flow pattern intundish, weir can prevent the upper recirculating flow, dam can cut off the bottom flow and turn toupwards, it is advantageous to separate the nonmetallic inclusions. Furthermore, it is important toexceed the critical depth of bath during exchange ladles, not only for the inclusion floatation butalso for avoiding tundish slag drainage earlier.

关键词： tundish fluid flow weir and dam water model

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Intelligent Control Method of Power Supply for tundish Electromagnetic Induction Heating System

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2020年第6期8卷 1188-1195页

作者： Xinxing Xiang An Luo Yan Li the Electrical and Information Engineering Department Hunan UniversityChangshaChina the School of Automation Central South UniversityChangshaChina

An intelligent control method is proposed to improve the performance of power supply for tundish electromagnetic induction heating,which can adequately regulate the tundish *** topology structure of power supply for tundish electromagnetic induction heating is presented,and its working principle is *** power supply consists of six power units,and each of them consists of a fore-stage threephase rectifier and back-stage single-phase *** feedforward control DC voltage is used by three-phase rectifier to obtain the stable DC voltage supplied to the *** cloud controller based intelligent temperature control algorithm is combined with the power feed-forward algorithm to obtain accurate tracking of the output current and constant temperature control of the tundish steel in the back-stage *** simulation and experiment are performed to verify the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： Cloud control electromagnetic induction heating rectifier-inverter tundish

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Thermal analysis of walls in a new-type billet caster tundish with a vacuum shell

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2017年第5期24卷 501-507页

作者： Jian-bo Xie Jian-an Zhou Lan-hua Zhou Bao Wang Hua Zhang State Key Laboratory of Refractories & Metallurgy Wuhan University of Science & Technology Wuhan 430081 Hubei China Key Laboratory of Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization Ministry of Education Wuhan University of Science & Technology Wuhan 430081 Hubei China School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Panzhihua University Panzhihua 617000 Sichuan China

To reduce thermal loss from molten steel in a tundish during continuous casting production, a new tundish fabricated by welding radiation-proof steel plates onto the steel plates of the exterior walls of a billet caster tundish was proposed. This new tundish was used to investigate the effect of pressures inside the vacuum chamber on the uniformity of the temperature of molten steel and the thermal conditions of the vacuum layer. The results show that the conversion radiation coefficient is not sensitive to pressure and its value at high temperatures is merely 1.5 times greater than that at low temperatures. Pressure is the key factor af- fecting additional factor of conversion convection. This factor is more than 100 times greater at 10-5 Pa than at 10-2 Pa, and the temperature at inner points at 10-2 Pa is, on average, 4 K higher than that at 10-5 Pa. Meanwhile, the local temperature difference of the inlet at 10-2 Pa is 1 K higher than that at 10-5 Pa. Thus, the proposed vacuum billet caster tundish can achieve low superheat teeming of steel because of the ther- mal preservation capability of the vacuum, which helps to reduce the tapping temperature and improve the uniformity of the temperature of steel.

关键词： tundish Vacuum chamber Pressure Thermal preservation Superheat

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Improvement of tundish shape and optimization of flow control devices for sequence casting heavy steel ingots

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2012年第1期19卷 15-20页

作者： Guang-hua Wen Yong-feng Huang Ping Tang Ming-mei Zhu College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

The metallurgical effect of a round tundish used to cast heavy steel ingots in machine works at present was evaluated through water modeling experiments. The flow control devices of the improved oval tundish, which was used instead of the round tundish, had been optimized. The results show that the residence time of the round tundish is short, its inclusion removal efficiency is too low, and it has more dead zones and an unreasonable flow field. Compared with the round tundish, the improved oval tundish with the optimized weir and dam has a better effect： its minimum residence time is prolonged by 38.1 s, the average residence time is prolonged by 233.4 s, its dead volume fraction decreases from 26% to 15%, and the ratio of plug volume fraction to dead volume fraction increases from 0.54 to 1.27. The inclusion removal efficiency also increases by 17.5%.

关键词： tundish steel ingots water modeling flow control devices inclusions

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Effects of argon blowing at tundish upper nozzle on multiphase flow behavior in nozzle

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2022年第4期29卷 588-600页

作者： Xu-feng Qin Chang-gui Cheng Yang Li Wei-li Wu Yan Jin The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for New Processes of Ironmaking and Steelmaking Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina

In continuous casting,the argon blowing at the tundish upper nozzle is usually used to prevent nozzle clogging,whose effect is closely related to the migration of argon bubbles and the flow behavior of the liquid steel in the ***,to investigate the effects of argon blowing at the tundish upper nozzle on multiphase flow behavior in nozzle,a threedimensional model of the tundish–nozzle–mold was established for numerical *** results indicate that the argon bubbles injected from the inner wall of the tundish upper nozzle first move downward along the nozzle wall under the action of the liquid *** the distance from the tundish upper nozzle increases,the argon bubbles gradually diffuse to the center of the *** with no argon blowing,the liquid steel velocity increases in the center of the nozzle and decreases near the wall with argon *** increasing the argon flow rate,the concentration of bubbles in the nozzle increases,and the process of bubble group diffusion to the center region of the nozzle speeds *** in turn increases the liquid steel velocity at the center of the nozzle but reduces near the *** increasing the casting speed,the concentration of bubbles in the nozzle decreases,the length of the bubble group near the nozzle wall is extended,and the liquid steel velocity at the center region and near-wall region of the nozzle *** mechanism of argon blowing at the tundish upper nozzle to prevent nozzle clogging is mainly realized by the isolation effect of the argon bubble group on the inner wall of the nozzle.

关键词： Argon blowing tundish upper nozzle Nozzle clogging Numerical simulation

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