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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2013年第5期2卷 326-327页

作者： Anwar Alam Department of Neurology Ruban Emergency Hospital Patna India

The trousseau’s sign is carpopedal spasm that results from ischemia that is induced by pressure applied to the upper arm. It is a sensitive and specific sign of hypocalcemia. Here the author is sending the short case summary, images of the demonstration of the trousseau’s sign. This case also had a cluster of seizures induced by hypocalcemia.

关键词： trousseau’s sign Hypocalcemia

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Paraneoplastic syndromes associated with lung cancer

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2014年第3期5卷 197-223页

作者： Nobuhiro Kanaji Naoki Watanabe Nobuyuki Kita shuji Bandoh Akira Tadokoro Tomoya Ishii Hiroaki Dobashi Takuya Matsunaga Department of Internal Medicine Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Hematology Rheumatology and Respiratory MedicineFaculty of MedicineKagawa University

Paraneoplastic syndromes are signs or symptoms that occur as a result of organ or tissue damage at locations remote from the site of the primary tumor or metastases. Paraneoplastic syndromes associated with lung cancer can impair various organ functions and include neurologic, endocrine, dermatologic, rheumatologic, hematologic, and ophthalmological syndromes, as well as glomerulopathy and coagulopathy(trousseau's syndrome). The histological type of lung cancer is generally dependent on the associated syndrome, the two most common of which are humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy in squamous cell carcinoma and the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion in small cell lung cancer. The symptoms often precede the diagnosis of the associated lung cancer, especially when the symptoms are neurologic or dermatologic. The proposed mechanisms of paraneoplastic processes include the aberrant release of humoral mediators, such as hormones and hormone-like peptides, cyto-kines, and antibodies. Treating the underlying cancer is generally the most effective therapy for paraneoplastic syndromes, and treatment soon after symptom onset appears to offer the best potential for symptom improvement. In this article, we review the diagnosis, potential mechanisms, and treatments of a wide variety of paraneoplastic syndromes associated with lung cancer.

关键词： Paraneoplastic syndrome small cell lung cancer Non-small cell lung cancer symptom Diagnosis Treatment Endocrine Neurologic Hematologic trousseau’s syndrome

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