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Leaf phenology rather than mycorrhizal type regulates soil nematode abundance,but collectively affects nematode diversity in seven common subtropical tree species

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第2期10卷 187-194页

作者： Jianqing Wang Jiaoyan Mao Yunyan Tan Shu Kee Lam Qiling Guo Xiuzhen Shi Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education Institute of GeographyFujian Normal UniversityFuzhou350117China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Resources and Environment School of Geographical SciencesFujian Normal UniversityFuzhou350117China Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences The University of MelbourneParkvilleMelbourneVIC3010Australia

The underlying mechanisms of the relationships between tree species and the soil micro-food web in forest ecosystems remain uncertain,primarily ascribed to an insufficient understanding on how tree functional traits drive soil nematode communities,including in subtropical forests.We investigated the impacts of seven subtropical tree species(evergreen:Pinus massoniana,Mytilaria laosensis,Ilex chinensis,Michelia macclurei;and deciduous:Liquidambar formosana,Quercus acutissima,and Betula luminifera)on the soil nematode communities.We found that the abundance of soil nematodes was not affected by mycorrhizal types,but it was around 83%higher under the deciduous trees than the evergreen trees,indicating the importance of leaf phenology to the abundance of soil nematodes.Nonetheless,both the evergreen and the arbuscular mycorrhizal trees increased soil nematode diversity,resulting from changes in root traits and soil properties.Furthermore,root traits(root C,root N,and root C:N ratio),and soil properties(total C,total N,moisture content,and bulk density)were the best predictors of the community composition of soil nematodes,indicating a key role of resource quality and soil microhabitat in regulating soil nematodes.In contrast,the ectomycorrhizal trees had lower plant parasite and Wasilewska indices,and evenness,whereas the evergreen trees slightly improved the evenness of soil nematodes.This study suggests that tree species affect the soil food web through changes in soil conditions and plant functional traits in subtropical forests.

关键词： tree species Soil food web Soil fauna Forest soil Biodiversity

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tree species composition and diversity in montane forests of Garhwal Himalaya in relation to environmental and soil properties

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第12期17卷 3097-3111页

作者： Dinesh Singh RAWAT P.TIWARI Sudipta Kumar DAS J.K.TIWARI Department of Botany&Microbiology HNB Garhwal UniversitySrinagar(Garhwal)-246174UttarakhandIndia Central National Herbarium Botanical Survey of IndiaHowrah-711103West BengalIndia

The montane forests of Garhwal Himalaya were investigated for tree species composition and diversity in relation to environmental and edaphic variables.A stratified random sampling approach was adopted to collect the field data from each forest.A total of 39 tree species belonging to 31 genera and 23 families were recorded from the sampling area(6 forest stands ×10 plots in each).Lauraceae with 5 species was the largest family while Quercus(4 species) emerged as the largest genus.species-area curve(asymptote) predicted more species than the observed number of species.Cluster analysis has shown that the two Abies pindrow dominant forest stands had the highest similarity in tree species composition.The tree stem density ranged from 540-1170 ha-1,basal area 23.01-55.94 m^2 ha-1,ShannonWiener diversity index 1.69-2.49,evenness index0.42-0.74,beta diversity 0.40-0.82 and similarity index 0.17-0.54 in the six studied forests.Two-way indicator species analysis(TWINSPAN) identified four distinct tree communities in the study area with Daphniphyllum himalayense,Abies pindrow,Quercus oblongata,and Pinus roxburghii as indicator species of corresponding communities.Canonical correspondence analysis(CCA) ascertained the TWINSPAN results and revealed the relation of tree species with environmental and edaphic variables.The phytosociological attributes of tree species varied from one forest stand to another;however,the tree species richness,density,and diversity peaked at intermediate elevation on the north aspect.Findings reveal that tree composition and diversity in the montane forests of Garhwal Himalaya are influenced by both environmental(elevation and slope aspect)and soil variables(texture,water holding capacity,moisture content,available N,exchangeable P,and pH).This study will help in understanding the forest distribution across the western Himalaya,guiding the conservationists and policymakers in carrying out conservation-related management activities,designing the long-term monitoring studies and assessing the effect

关键词： Diversity tree species Montane forests Soil properties Western Himalaya

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tree species as hosts for arbuscular mycorrhizal and dark septate endophyte fungi

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Journal of Forestry Research 2012年第4期23卷 641-649页

作者： E.Uma K.Sathiyadash J.Loganathan T.Muthukumar Root and Soil Biology Laboratory Department of BotanyBharathiar UniversityCoimbatore 641046Tamil NaduIndia

A survey of 35 tree species （belonging to 28 genera in 19 families） in Aliyar, South India was carried out to ascertain their arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） and dark septate endophyte （DSE） fungal status. All the tree species examined had AM association. AM and DSE coloni- zation is reported for the first time in 20 and 14 species respectively. Co- occurrence of AM and DSE was observed in 14 （40%） tree species. The extent of DSE colonization was inversely related to the extent of AM fungal colonization. Six tree species had Arum-type, 18 had intermediate- type and 11 had typical Paris-type AM morphology. AM fungal spore morphotypes belonging to 11 species in two genera were isolated from the rhizosphere soil. AM fungal spore numbers were not related to the ex- tent of AM colonization and Glomus dominated spore diversity. AM association individually and along with DSE were found respectively in the 63% and 44% of the economically important tree species. The occur- rence of AM and DSE fungal association in economically important indigenous tree species indicates the possibility of exploiting this asso- ciation in future conservation programmes of these species.

关键词： tree species AM fungi Arum-, Paris-, intermediate- type dark septate endophyte （DSE）

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Soil chemical fertility change over four decades in the Morvan Mountains and influence of tree species (Burgundy, France)

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第4期9卷 460-474页

作者： Margaux Clesse Arnaud Legout Jacques Ranger Bernd Zeller Gregory van der Heijden INRAE BEFF-54000NancyFrance

Background: Intensive silvicultural practices and the planting of monospecific forests of coniferous, that are more productive compared to hardwoods may threaten over the mid to long-term the sustainability of soil chemical fertility of forest ecosystems, and are a major concern for forest managers and policy.Methods: We investigated the tree species effect(Quercus sessiliflora Smith, Fagus sylvatica L., Picea abies Karst.,Pseudotsuga menziesii Mirb. Franco., Abies nordmanniana Spach. and Pinus nigra Arn. ssp. laricio Poiret var. corsicana) on the change over time of soil chemical properties and nutrient pool sizes in the mineral and organic layers of the soil during the 45 years after the plantation of the Breuil-Chenue common garden experiment(Burgundy,France). The organic and mineral soil layers down to 70-cm depth were sampled in the different monospecific plots in 1974, 2001 and 2019.Results: Exchangeable Ca and Mg pools and soil pH increased on average over time in the 0–70 cm soil profile in most stands. However, in the topsoil layers(0–15 cm), the decrease of pH, the increase of exchangeable acidity over time under the coniferous stands and the decrease of exchangeable K pools in most stands highlighted that soil acidification is still on-going at Breuil-Chenue site but the intensity of this process depends on the tree species.Indeed, three groups of species could be distinguished: i) Nordmann fir(Abies nordmanniana Spach.)/Norway spruce(Picea abies Karst.) where acidolysis and chelation occurred, resulting in the most pronounced pH decrease in the topsoil, ii) Douglas fir(Pseudotsuga menziesii Mirb. Franco.)/Laricio pine(Pinus nigra Arn. ssp. laricio Poiret var. corsicana) where acidification caused by elevated nitrification rates is probably currently compensated by larger weathering and/or atmospheric depositions fluxes, and iii) oak(Quercus sessiliflora Smith)/beech(Fagus sylvatica L.) where soil acidification was less intense. Counterintuitively, soil acidification at Breuil-Chenue site resulted in a

关键词： Nutrient pools tree species Acidification Podzolisation Recovery Ecosystem services

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Composition and mineralization of soil organic carbon pools in four single-tree species forest soils

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第6期27卷 1277-1285页

作者： Qingkui Wang Micai Zhong Huitong Experimental Station of Forest Ecology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016People's Republicof China Huitong National Research Station of Forest Ecosystem Huitong 418307People's Republic of China Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201People's Republic of China

Forest soil carbon （C） is an important compo- nent of the global C cycle. However, the mechanism by which tree species influence soil organic C （SOC） pool composition and mineralization is poorly understood. To understand the effect of tree species on soil C cycling, we assessed total, labile, and recalcitrant SOC pools, SOC chemical composition by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and SOC mineralization in four monoculture plantations. Labile and recalcitrant SOC pools in surface （0-10 cm） and deep （40-60 cm） soils in the four forests contained similar content. In contrast, these SOC pools exhibited differences in the subsurface soil （from 10 to 20 cm and from 20 to 40 cm）. The alkyl C and O-alkyl C intensities of SOC were higher in Schima superba and Michelia macclurei forests than in Cunninghamia lanceolata and Pinus massoniana forests. In surface soil, S. superba and M. macclurei forests exhibited higher SOC mineralization rates than did P. massoniana and C.lanceolata forests. The slope of the straight line between C60 and labile SOC was steeper than that between C60 and total SOC. Our results suggest that roots affected the composition of SOC pools. Labile SOC pools also affected SOC mineralization to a greater extent than total SOC pools.

关键词： ^13C nuclear magnetic resonance Labile soil organic carbon Monoculture plantation Soil organic carbon mineralization tree species

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N,P,and K characteristics of different age groups of temperate coniferous tree species in northwestern China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第2期29卷 465-472页

作者： Simin Liu Hao Wang School of Soil and Water Conservation Beijing Forestry University

This study chose dominant tree species including Picea crassifolia,Pinus armandii and Pinus tabuliformis which are distributed in Qilian Mountains,Xiaolongshan Mountains,and Bailongjiang River.According to the different tree species,ages and components,we sampled leaves,branches,stems,and roots,and measured the contents of Nitrogen,Phosphorus,Potassium,along with soil fertility.The changes of N,P,and K contents in the different tree species were studied,and the relationship between nutrient content and environmental factors was analyzed.The results indicated that the content of P in all three species was the lowest(0.039–0.28 g kg),while N content was the highest(0.095–1.72 g kg).As the terminal organ of nutrient transport,the nutrient content of leaves was the highest.P.armandii(0.45 g kg) had a higher nutrient concentration than P.tabulaeformis(0.19 g kg) and P.crassifolia(0.29 g kg).The nutrient content of each species was highest in a young forest,but lowest in a mature forest.The nutrient content of all three tree species was significantly affected by soil nutrient content,and negatively correlated with available soil nutrients.

关键词： Different ages Northwestern China N,P,K tree species

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Exploring trees Diversity and Ecological Value of Mountain Forests in the Blue Nile Region of Sudan

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第3期14卷 245-256页

作者： Dafa-Alla M. Dafa-Alla Haytham H. Gibreel Ahmed A. H. Siddig Yousif E. Yagoub Hashim A. Abdelkarim Khatir H.T. Saeed Ahmed I. Abuelbashar Faculty of Forestry-Shambat University of Khartoum Khartoum Sudan Harvard Forest Harvard University Petersham MA USA Faculty of Forest Science and Wood Technology University of Gezira Wad-Medani Sudan Department of Forestry and Range Sciences Faculty of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies Alsalam University Alfula Sudan Forest Research and Gum Arabic Centre Agricultural Research Corporation Khartoum-Soba Sudan

We carried out this research at Abu-Gaddaf Natural Forest Reserve (ANFR) which is located east of Blue Nile River, in Blue Nile State, Sudan. It aims at exploring tree composition assessing their diversity indices, and ecological importance values. For survey of types and estimation of density of tree species in the forest, we randomly distributed 97 circular sample plots (0.1 hectare (ha)). In each sample plot we identified all trees to the species level, recorded their frequencies and computed species diversity and importance value indices (IVI). A total of 13 tree species, which belong to 12 genera and nine families, were identified in the tree layer of the forest. Mean tree density in ANFR was 116 trees/ha, composed mainly of Boswellia papyrifera (Del.) Hochst. (48), followed by Combretum hartmannianu (19) and Lannea fruticosa (18). Fabaceae was the most common family followed by Combretaceae and Malvaceae. B. papyrifera Delile Hochst was the most abundant while Acacia seyal was the least abundant species. species richness (R = 1.71), evenness (E = 0.69), dominance (0.24) indices and Simpson’s Index of Diversity (D' = 0.76) suggest a moderate diversity, moderate numbers of individuals in each species and a moderate community stability. The research provides empirical results on diversity and ecological importance value of species, signifies the urging need to safeguard threatened species and to prioritize them for conservation, as well as the need to promote management of abundant species to provide multiple forest ecosystem services.

关键词： tree species Diversity Dry-Land Forest Sudan

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FIRE CYCLE AND FIRE ADAPTATION OF MAIN tree species IN DAXING'ANLING FOREST REGION, CHINA

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Journal of Northeast Forestry University 1995年第2期6卷 41-44页

作者：胡海清柴瑞海 Northeast Forestry University Harbin P.R.China

Based on the fire statistics, the Daxing'anling forest area were classified into three fire cycle regions: northern coniferous virgin forest region with a fire cycle of 110-120 years, middle conifer--broad-leaved mixed forest region with a fire cycle of 30-40 years, and southem broad-leaved secontw forest region with a fire cycle of 15-20. The percentage of conifers and broad-leaved trees, for est age and natural mature period of main tree species in different fire cycle regions were discussed in concem with fire occurrence. The characteristics of fire adaptation and fire resisboce of main tree species, such as sexual and asexual reproduction, were discussed and evaluation of the synthetical fire adaptation was made.

关键词： Fire cycle tree species Fire adaptation

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Nitrogen content features of several indigenous evergreen and decidous tree species in Chongqing region

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西南师范大学学报(自然科学版) 1999年第5期24卷 586-593页

作者： Zeng\ Bo School of Life Science,Southwest China Normal University,Chongqing 400715 西南师范大学重庆

To aid to reveal the basic physiological differences existing between evergreen and deciduous plants, so as to facilitate our understanding of relationships between physiological features of evergreen & deciduous plants and their corresponding growth and biomass production, nitrogen content patterns of four indigenous tree species in Chongqing region including evergreen and deciduous plants growing in optimal conditions were analyzed. It is shown that leaf nitrogen content of deciduous tree species was significantly higher than that of evergreen tree species. Based on this result, it can be inferred that researched evergreen and deciduous tree species had basic differences in their leaf nitrogen content. There were no significant differences appeared between studied evergreen and deciduous tree species on nitrogen content of branches and stems. Compared with branch and stem, leaves had highest nitrogen content unexceptionally for all researched plants regardless of species. Nitrogen content of stems decreased with the age of stem for all investigated evergreen and deciduous species.

关键词： evergreen deciduous tree species nitrogen content Chongqing

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Regeneration of tree species in the sub-tropical forest of Alaknanda Valley, Garhwal Himalaya, India

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Forestry Studies in China 2013年第2期15卷 89-97页

作者： Radha BALLABHA J. K. TIWARI P. TIWARI Department of Botany and Microbiology HNB Garhwal UniversitySrinagar Garhwal 246174 Uttarakhand India

We studied the regeneration of tree species in the sub-tropical forest of Alaknanda Valley in Garhwal Himalaya, India. The overall regeneration status was fairly good in the study area. Seedling density ranged between 520 and 1,240 seedlings per ha while the density of saplings varied between 400 and 800 saplings per ha. Out of eight sites studied, five sites, viz., A1, A2, B1, B2 and C2 contained the highest number of seedlings （280-480 per ha） and saplings ,（200-440 per ha） for Pinus roxburghfi and remaining three sites viz., C1, D1 and D2 represented the highest number of seedlings （240-400 per ha） and saplings （200-240 per ha） for Anogeissus latifolius. The DBH class distribution of the tree species revealed that the highest number of individuals was concentrated in the lower diameter classes while smallest numbers were found in the higher diameter classes. species such as Acacia catechu, Anogeissus latifolius, Dalbergia sissoo, Engelhardtia spicata, Lannea coromandelica, Mallotus philippensis and Pinus roxburghii have the larg- est number of saplings and seedlings in the lower DBH classes, suggesting that they have good regeneration potential. Other spec es such as Aegle marmelos, Bauhinia variegata, Bombax ceiba, Cassia fistula, Erythrina variegata, Haldinia ：cordifolia, Mangifera indica, Ougeinia oojeinensis, Phyllanthus emblica, Syzygium cumini, Terminalia alata and Toona hexandra have either no or very small number of saplings in the lower DBH classes which indicates that the status of these species implies poor regeneration.

关键词： Garhwal Himalaya disturbances regeneration tree species

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