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Variations in quantifying patient reported outcome measures to estimate treatment effect

World Journal of Methodology 2025年第2期15卷 44-53页

作者： Sathish Muthu Srujun Vadranapu Department of Orthopaedics Orthopaedic Research GroupCoimbatore 641045Tamil NaduIndia Department of Orthopaedics Government Medical CollegeKarur 639004Tamil NaduIndia Department of Biotechnology Karpagam Academy of Higher EducationCoimbatore 641021Tamil NaduIndia Department of Orthopaedics Royal Care Super Speciality HospitalCoimbatore 641062Tamil NaduIndia

In the practice of healthcare,patient-reported outcomes(PROs)and PRO measures(PROMs)are used as an attempt to observe the changes in complex clinical *** guide us in making decisions based on the evidence regarding patient care by recording the change in outcomes for a particular treatment to a given condition and finally to understand whether a patient will benefit from a particular treatment and to quantify the treatment *** any PROM to be usable in health care,we need it to be reliable,encapsulating the points of interest with the potential to detect any real *** structured outcome measures routinely in clinical practice helps the physician to understand the functional limitation of a patient that would otherwise not be clear in an office interview,and this allows the physician and patient to have a meaningful conver-sation as well as a customized plan for each *** mentioned the rationale and the benefits of PROMs,understanding the quantification process is crucial before embarking on management decisions.A better interpretation of change needs to identify the treatment effect based on clinical relevance for a given *** are a multiple set of measurement indices to serve this effect and most of them are used interchangeably without clear demarcation on their *** article details the various quantification metrics used to evaluate the treatment effect using PROMs,their limitations and the scope of usage and implementation in clinical practice.

关键词： Patient-reported outcome measures treatment effect Minimal clinical important difference Patient-accepted symptom state Minimum detectable change Orthopedics

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Empirical Likelihood Approach for treatment effect in Pretest-Posttest Trial

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2012年第6期33卷 941-948页

作者： Qixiang HE Department of Applied Mathematics Shanghai University of Finance and Economics

The empirical likelihood approach is suggested to the pretest-posttest trial based on the constrains, which we construct to summarize all the given information. The author obtains a log-empirical likelihood ratio test statistic that has a standard chi-squared limiting distribution. Thus, in making inferences, there is no need to estimate variance explicitly, and inferential procedures are easier to implement. Simulation results show that the approach of this paper is more efficient compared with ANCOVA II due to the sufficient and appropriate use of information.

关键词： Empirical likelihood Pretest-posttest trial treatment effect

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A new quantile treatment effect model for studying smoking effect on birth weight during Mother's pregnancy

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Journal of Management Science and Engineering 2021年第3期6卷 336-343页

作者： Shengfang Tang Zongwu Cai Ying Fang Ming Lin Wang Yanan Institute for Studies in Economics and Fujian Key Laboratory of Statistical Sciences Xiamen UniversityXiamen361005China Department of Economics University of KansasLawrenceKS66045USA Department of Statistics and Data Science School of EconomicsXiamen UniversityXiamen361005China

This paper proposes a new quantile regression model to characterize the heterogeneity for distributional effects of maternal smoking during pregnancy on infant birth weight across different the mother's *** imposing a parametric restriction on the quantile functions of the potential outcome distributions conditional on the mother's age,we estimate the quantile treatment effects of maternal smoking during pregnancy on her baby's birth weight across different age groups of *** results show strongly that the quantile effects of maternal smoking on low infant birth weight are negative and substantially heterogenous across different ages.

关键词： Birth weight Heterogeneity Quantile regression Smoking treatment effect

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Hazard Model with Random treatment Time-Lag effect

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2023年第9期39卷 1755-1767页

作者： Xin Ye Yan Yan Liu School of Mathematics and Statistics Wuhan UniversityWuhan430072P.R.China

In clinical studies,it is often that the medical treatments take a period of time before having an effect on patients and the delayed time may vary from person to *** though there exists a rich literature developing methods to estimate the time-lag period and treatment effects after lag time,most of these existing studies assume a fixed lag *** this paper,we propose a hazard model incorporating a random treatment time-lag effect to describe the heterogeneous treatment effect among *** EM algorithm is used to obtain the maximum likelihood *** give the asymptotic properties of the proposed estimator and evaluate its performance via simulation *** application of the proposed method to real data is provided.

关键词： Random lag time treatment effect right censored data EM algorithm

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Robust Estimation of Average treatment effects with Observational Studies

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 2024年第2期29卷 117-124页

作者： XIAO Li YU Peichao Department of Physical Education Guilin University of Aerospace TechnologyGuilin 541004GuangxiChina School of Statistics and Mathematics Zhongnan University of Economics and LawWuhan 430073HubeiChina

Estimating treatment effects has always been one of the hot issues in empirical *** brings great challenges to estimating treatment effects because heterogeneity exists in the distribution of covariates between treated and controlled *** score methods have been widely used to adjust for heterogeneity in observational ***,the propensity score is usually unknown and needs to be *** this article,we propose a generalized single-index model to estimate the propensity score and use the propensity score residuals to reduce the estimation *** finite-sample performance of the proposed method is evaluated through simulation *** use the proposed method to evaluate the policy of"Sunshine Running"and find that the physical test scores of college students par-ticipating in the"Sunshine Running"can be improved by 3.72 points.

关键词： treatment effect propensity score generalized single-index model partial linear model

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Observation on the Curative effect of Auricular Acupoint Sticking Combined with Acupoint Sticking in the treatment of Diabetic Constipation

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Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research 2022年第4期6卷 56-60页

作者： Ruiqin Li Tingwei He Wenmin Wang Zongliang Song Affiliated Hospital Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine Xianyang 712000China

The study was conducted to observe the clinical effect of acupoint and auricular point application on diabetes patients with *** 104 patients with diabetes and constipation were selected from the Hospital Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine from February 2021 to February 2022 as the study *** were divided into groups by drawing *** experimental group carried out the combined analysis of acupoint and auricular point application based on the treatment methods of the control ***,the control group carried out the traditional treatment,and the evaluation index,including the improvement of constipation and the clinical effective rate data were included in the *** study showed that,the total effective number of patients,times of defecation per week,time of defecation,and interval of defecation in the experimental group were greater,compared to control group(peffectively improve the constipation symptoms,shorten the defecation time,improve the cure rate of the disease,and ensure the normal defecation cycle in the patients.

关键词： Auricular acupoint pressing Acupoint application Diabetes constipation treatment effect

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Performance of a water hyacinth(Eichhornia crassipes)system in the treatment of wastewater from a duck farm and the effects of using water hyacinth as duck feed

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第5期20卷 513-519页

作者： LU Jianbo FU Zhihui YIN Zhaozheng Institute of Agro-Ecology and Ecological Engineering College of Life Sciences Zijingang Campus Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China College of Animal Sciences Huajiachi Campus Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China

Nowadays, intensive breeding of poultry and livestock of large scale has made the treatment of its waste and wastewater an urgent environmental issue, which motivated this study. A wetland of 688 mz was constructed on an egg duck farm, and water hyacinth （Eichhornia crassipes） was chosen as an aquatic plant for the wetland and used as food for duck production. The objectives of this study were to test the role of water hyacinth in purifying nutrient-rich wastewater and its effects on the ducks＇ feed intake, egg laying performance and egg quality. This paper shows that the constructed wetland removed as much as 64.44% of chemical oxygen demand （COD）, 21.78% of total nitrogen （TN） and 23.02% of total phosphorus （TP）. Both dissolved oxygen （DO） and the transparency of the wastewater were remarkably improved, with its transparency 2.5 times higher than that of the untreated wastewater. After the ducks were fed with water hyacinth, the average daily feed intake and the egg-laying ratio in the test group were 5.86% and 9.79% higher, respectively, than in the control group; the differences were both significant at the 0.01 probability level. The egg weight in the test group was 2.36% higher than in the control group （P 〈 0.05）, but the feed conversion ratios were almost the same. The eggshell thickness and strength were among the egg qualities significantly increased in ducks fed with water hyacinth. We concluded that a water hyacinth system was effective for purifying wastewater from an intensive duck farm during the water hyacinth growing season, as harvested water hyacinth had an excellent performance as duck feed. We also discussed the limitations of the experiment.

关键词： water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) duck farm constructed wetland chemical oxygen demand (COD) treatment effect egg-laying ratio egg quality

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Impact of failure mode and effects analysis-based emergency management on the effectiveness of craniocerebral injury treatment

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第2期10卷 554-562页

作者： Xiao-Lan Shao Ya-Zhou Wang Xiong-Hui Chen Wen-Juan Ding Department of Emergency Surgery Ward 48 First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215000Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Craniocerebral injuries encompass brain injuries,skull fractures,cranial soft tissue injuries,and similar ***,the incidence of craniocerebral injuries has increased dramatically due to the increased numbers of traffic accidents and aerial work injuries,threatening the physical and mental health of *** To investigate the impact of failure modes and effects analysis(FMEA)-based emergency management on craniocerebral injury treatment *** Eighty-four patients with craniocerebral injuries,treated at our hospital from November 2019 to March 2021,were selected and assigned,using the random number table method,to study(n=42)and control(n=42)*** in the control group received conventional management while those in the study group received FMEA theory-based emergency management,based on the control ***-and post-interventions,details regarding the emergency situation;levels of inflammatory stress indicators[Interleukin-6(IL-6),C-reactive protein(CRP),and procalcitonin(PCT)];incidence of complications;prognoses;and satisfaction regarding patient care were evaluated for both *** For the study group,the assessed parameters[pre-hospital emergency response time(9.13±2.37 min),time to receive a consultation(2.39±0.44 min),time needed to report imaging findings(1.15±4.44 min),and test reporting time(32.19±6.23 min)]were shorter than those for the control group(12.78±4.06 min,3.58±0.71 min,33.49±5.51 min,50.41±11.45 min,respectively;P0.05);post-intervention serum indicator levels were lower in both groups than pre-intervention ***,serum levels of IL-6(17.35±5.33 pg/mL),CRP(2.27±0.56 mg/L),and PCT(0.22±0.07 ng/mL)were low

关键词： Craniocerebral injury Failure modes and effects analysis theory Emergency management treatment effect

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Improving treatment plan and mental health in children with abdominal infection for broad-spectrum bacterial infections

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第9期14卷 1319-1325页

作者： Gui-Bo Wang Xue-Feng Zhang Bing Liang Jie Lei Jun Xue Department of Pediatric Surgery the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North UniversityZhangjiakou 075000Hebei ProvinceChina Department of General Surgery the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North UniversityZhangjiakou 075000Hebei ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Pediatric abdominal infection is a common but serious disease that requires timely and effective *** surgical treatment,accurate diagnosis and rational application of antibiotics are the keys to improving treatment *** To investigate the effect of broad-spectrum bacterial detection on postoperative antibiotic *** A total of 100 children with abdominal infection who received surgical treatment in our hospital from September 2020 to July 2021 were *** observation group collected blood samples upon admission and sent them for broad-spectrum bacterial infection nucleic acid testing,and collected pus or exudate during the operation for bacterial culture and drug sensitivity testing;the control group only sent bacterial culture and drug sensitivity testing during the *** White blood cell count,C-reactive protein,procalcitonin,3 days after surgery,showed better postoperative index than the control group(Ptreatment outcomes and reducing medical costs to some extent.

关键词： Pediatric abdominal infection Nucleic acid detection of broad-spectrum bacterial infection Bacterial culture Drug sensitivity testing treatment effect Cost Mental health

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Therapeutic effects of combined oxaliplatin and S-1 in older patients with advanced gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第47期17卷 5221-5226页

作者： She-Gan Gao Rui-Nuo Jia Xiao-Shan Feng Xuan-Hu Xie Tan-You Shan Li-Xian Pan Na-Sha Song Yu-Feng Wang Kai-Li Ding Li-Dong Wang Department of Oncology First-Affiliated HospitalCancer Institute Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471003 Henan Province China Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Can-cer Laboratory for Cancer Research Basic Medical CollegeZhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052 Henan ProvinceChina

AIM:To evaluate the effects and safety of combination chemotherapy with oxaliplatin (L-OHP) and S-1 (SOX regimen) in older patients with advanced gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma (GCA). METHODS: Seventy patients with advanced GCA were classified according to age into an older group (≥ 75 years) and a control group (effects and toxicity were evaluated four weeks after chemotherapy was completed. RESULTS: The response rate was 65.6% (21/32) in the older group and 68.4% (26/38) in the control group (χ2 = 0.062 and P = 0.804). Improvement in swallowing was 78.1% (25/32) in the older group and 76.3% (29/38) in the control group (χ2 = 0.032 and P = 0.857). Effi cacy was 68.8% (22/32) in the older group and 65.8% (25/38) in the control group (χ2 = 0.069 and P = 0.793). Toxicities were reversible and similar in both groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The SOX regimen is an effective, safe and well-tolerated regimen for older patients with advanced GCA.

关键词： Gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma Oxalipla-tin S-1 treatment effect

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