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Martin与Soave术治疗全结肠巨结肠的疗效比较

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临床小儿外科杂志 2010年第5期9卷 327-329页

作者：沈淳尹记辉宋再郑珊肖现民复旦大学附属儿科医院外科 200032

目的分析Martin术与Soave术在全结肠巨结肠患儿治疗中的疗效.方法2001年1月至2008年6月,本院采取Martin术治疗全结肠巨结肠患儿14例,采取Soave术治疗全结肠巨结肠患儿15例.比较两组患儿术后发热、术中输血、腹部伤口感染、吻合口漏、术... 详细信息

目的分析Martin术与Soave术在全结肠巨结肠患儿治疗中的疗效.方法2001年1月至2008年6月,本院采取Martin术治疗全结肠巨结肠患儿14例,采取Soave术治疗全结肠巨结肠患儿15例.比较两组患儿术后发热、术中输血、腹部伤口感染、吻合口漏、术后住院时间、小肠结肠炎的发生情况以及随访期间排便情况.结果 Martin手术组与Soave手术组患儿术后发热时间分别为3～11(5.5±3.4)d、1～5(3.1±1.7)d;术中输血人数分别为13例(13/14)、7例(7/15);腹部伤口感染分别为4例(4/14)、1例(1/15);吻合口漏2例(2/14)、0例(0/15);平均术后住院天数(14.3±2.6)d(12～21 d)vs(8.4±2.2)d(7～12 d).两组差异有统计学意义.Martin手术组术后发生小肠结肠炎7例,其中4例多次住院治疗;Soave手术组发生小肠结肠炎2例,1例门诊扩肛治疗后好转,1例住院治疗.术后4周两组患儿均存在排便次数增多、肛周皮肤糜烂;术后3个月随访,Martin手术组8例每日排便2～4次,Soave手术组4例;术后6个月,Martin手术组11例(78.6%)每日排便2～4次,Soave手术组为8例(61.5%).Soave手术组患儿术后均需要扩肛治疗3～6个月.结论全结肠巨结肠患儿Soave手术在术后发热、术中输血、伤口感染、吻合口漏及术后住院天数方面均优于Martin手术,且术后发生小肠结肠炎的机率低于Martin手术,但其存在术后排便恢复慢、需要数月扩肛治疗的缺点.因此,对不同情况的全结肠巨结肠患儿可选择不同的手术方法,以期取得更好疗效.

关键词：术治疗全结肠巨结肠疗效比较 total treated effectiveness different 术后发热手术方法小肠结肠炎患儿吻合口漏术中输血腹部伤口感染扩肛治疗住院治疗术后排便住院天数术后住院时间

Advances in the adjuvant chemotherapy of glioblastoma multiforme： opportunities and challenges for the neurosurgeons in China

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Chinese Medical Journal 2009年第11期122卷 1243-1244页

作者： LI Shou-wei JIANG Tao Department of Neurosurgery Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University Beijing Neurosurgical Institute Beijing 100050 China

Glioblastoma multiforme （GBM） is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults, which accounts for approximately 50% of all gliomas. Its prognosis is particularly disappointing with a median life expectancy less than a year even when the patients are treated with the most aggressive regimens. Over the past 10 years, a number of trials have tried to establish whether adjuvant chemotherapy, as well as molecularly targeted therapy, provides GBM patients with clinically meaningful benefits.

关键词： adjuvant chemotherapy targeted therapy life expectancy brain tumor clinically treated GBM

Disparities in Oral Health among School-Aged Children in Kansas

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2015年第6期5卷 291-298页

作者： Frank Dong Elizabeth Ablah Robert Hines Ann Lazar Judy Johnston Department of Preventive Medicine & Public Health University of Kansas School of Medicine Wichita USA University of California School of Dentistry San Francisco CA USA

Background: The effects of age, rural-urban geographic location, and percentage of Free and Reduced Price Meal Program (FRPMP) participation on children’s oral health outcome measures (untreated decay, treated decay, and sealants) have not been fully explored in Kansas. Methods: The current study utilized a surveillance sample of 140,217 children (grades K through 12) attending 200 schools in Kansas, which requested screening assistance from the Kansas Department of Health and Environment (KDHE) from 2012 to 2013. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify significant factors associated with oral health outcome measures. Results: Older children were associated with decreased odds of having untreated decay, and increased odds of having treated decay and sealants. Children attending very rural schools had increased odds of untreated and treated decay and decreased odds of presence of sealants. For every 5% increase in the school-level %FRPMP, the odds of having untreated and treated decay increased by 5% and 3%, respectively. However, %FRPMP was not statistically associated with the presence of sealants. Conclusions: Children attending schools in very rural and rural areas appear to have worse oral health outcomes, as measured by higher proportions of untreated and treated decay, and a smaller proportion of presence of sealants.

关键词： Untreated Decay treated Decay Sealants School Children Rural Age

Effect of a Malaria Control Program on the Prevalence of Malaria, Fever and Anaemia in Children under Five Years in the Hohoe Municipality of Ghana: A Comparative Analysis of Cross-Sectional Surveys

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2015年第4期5卷 180-188页

作者： Margaret Kweku Eric Kwaku Appiah Wisdom Takramah Yeetey Enuameh Ishmael Norman Fred Binka School of Public Health University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana Department of Epidemiology Surveillance and Disease Control 37 Military Hospital Accra Ghana Institute for Security Disaster and Emergency Studies Sandpiper Place Langma Ghana Chancellery University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana

Background: Malaria and anaemia continue to adversely impact the health of children in Ghana. Hohoe is an area of intense and prolonged, seasonal malaria transmission. In 2006, malaria control programme activities which provided In-secticide treated Bed-Nets (ITNs) to resident children under five years and Artemisinin Combination Therapies (ACTs) for the management of malaria were introduced into the Hohoe Municipality. Before the introduction of the control programme, baseline surveys were carried out in communities in the Hohoe municipality to determine the prevalence of malaria, fever, anaemia, malaria parasite density, gametocytaemia and ITN ownership and use in June and November 2006 ahead of the intervention programme. Similar surveys were conducted in 2010 after the intervention to assess changes in the earlier indicators in the same communities. This report presents an evaluation of the intervention by comparing findings before and after the malaria control interventions. Methods: In 2010, two community-based surveys were carried out in thirty communities among children aged five years and below. The first one was at the beginning of the rainy and high malaria transmission season in June and the other was in November at the end of the rainy season. The surveys were to determine the prevalence of malaria, fever, anaemia and ITN ownership, use and effectiveness among children less than 5 years. Data were collected in the form of interviews using questionnaire and collection of biological samples. Findings were compared to those similar surveys conducted in the same communities and age groups in 2006. Pr-testi was used to analyze two sample tests for proportions and t-test was used for means. Findings: Malaria prevalence decreased by 20% [9.0% vs. 7.2%;p = 0.0.40], fever decreased by 47.8% [2.3% vs. 1.2%;p = 0.008] and anaemia decreased by 32.9% [7.8% vs. 5.3%;p = 0.002]. ITN ownership increased by 67.9% [20.8% vs. 64.8%;p < 0.001], ITN use increased by 64.2% [

关键词： Malaria Parasitaemia Mean Parasite Density Anaemia Fever Malaria Transmission Gametocytaemia Insecticide treated BedNets Children under Five Years Hohoe Municipality Ghana

Research on Acidic Stability of Immobilized Heavy Metals in Sediment from Polluted River

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Meteorological and Environmental Research 2020年第2期11卷 76-81页

作者： Deqin ZHAI Dingpeng XIONG Yuxi YANG Shuo TAN PowerChina Eco-Environmental Group Co. Ltd.Shenzhen 518102China Shenzhen Guoshui Testing Technology Co. Ltd.Shenzhen 518126China

The heavy metals can accumulate in sediment after discharged into surface water bodies. Before the sediment can be further landfilled or recycled,a large amount of heavy metal in it needs to be treated,known as solidification/stabilization. The properties of treated sediment may change with environment such as acid rain and landfill time,which may lead to the release of heavy metals from treated sediment into environment,posing great risks to environment and human health. In this study,the quantitative relationship has been tested between the dissolution of heavy metals from treated sediment and the p H of the leaching solution,by changing the p H of the treated sediment-leaching solution continuously. The results showed that when the p H of the treated sediment-leaching solution was higher than 5. 5,the heavy metals released from the treated sediment into solution were relatively low;when the p H of the treated sediment-leaching solution dropped to about 5. 5,a large amount of Cu,Zn,Ni and other heavy metals were released. The solidification of Cu,Zn,Cr and Cd in the treated sediment is relatively stable,while that of Ni and Pb still need to be improved. The buffer capacity of the treated sediment to acid is 0. 999 meq/g,which means it has relatively high capacity to buffer the pH change caused by external acid.

关键词： treated sediment Heavy metals solidification/stabilization Buffer capacity Solidification stability

Evaluating the Influence of Ageing Temperature on the Mechanical Properties of Al-Mg-Si Alloy

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2011年第14期10卷 1285-1292页

作者： I.O. Oladele J.A. Omotoyinbo Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department Federal University of Technology Akure. Ondo State Nigeria.

The effect of ageing temperature on the mechanical properties of Al-Mg-Si alloy has been studied. The material was machined into different shapes of the tests to be carried out: tensile, impact and hardness. The test specimens were divided into two and, some sets were solution treated at 500℃ for one hour and peak aged at 160℃ for eight hours while the other sets were solution treated at 500℃ for one hour and peak aged at 180℃ for eight hours. The abovementioned tests were carried out on the specimens. The results show that at low ageing temperature of 160℃, the ductility and impact were high while at 180℃, the ultimate tensile strength and hardness are higher compared to the value obtained at 160℃.

关键词： Ageing temperature mechanical properties solution treated specimen.

Soil Detachment with Organic Mulching Using Rainfall Simulator in Comparison with a Short Duration Natural Rainfall for Effective Soil Conservation

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2020年第6期11卷 457-469页

作者： Johnson Kayode Adewumi John Jiya Musa Olayemi Johnson Adeosun Otuaro Ebierin Akpoebidimiyen Adebola Adekunle Babafemi Sunday Adewumi Department of Agricultural & Bioresources Engineering College of Engineering Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta Nigeria Department of Agricultural & Bioresources Engineering School of Infrastructure Process Engineering and Technology Federal University of Technology Minna Nigeria Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Maritime University Okerenkoko Nigeria Department of Civil Engineering College of Engineering Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta Nigeria

The impact of raindrop on sandy soil was studied using rainfall simulator and natural rainfall to determine average soil detached. Erosion by rainfall is one of the major hazards threatening the productivity of farmlands. This study determined the rate of soil detachment in comparison between natural rainfall and simulated rainfall for effective soil conservation measure. The height of the simulator was varied considering the diameter of the nozzles which were considered during the design stage of the rain simulator. Two plots of dimensions 2 m × 2 m each were cleared with one considered for bare and treated soils for both the natural rainfall and simulated rainfall. Splash cups were installed on each of the plots at half depth of the cup after the clearing of the area at 0.4 m × 0.4 m apart. Two sets of rain gauge were placed at the experimental site to note the volume of natural rainfall on the farm. The average soil detached was analysed using statistical analysis where t-test was also carried out to know the difference in mean. There was a significant difference in the degree of soil detachment between bare and treated soil under natural rainfall experiment;t(18) = 8.917, p treated soil of 7.75. Size of effect (Eta-square (η2) = 0.8154) reveals that the nature of soil accounted for 81.5% variance in the average detachment rate. For simulated experiments with a mean value of 7.3360 have higher tendency of detachment than treated soil with a mean value of 4.2240. Size of effect (Eta-square (η2) = 0.630) reveals that the soil types accounted for 63% variance in the average detachment. It was concluded that 40.33% soil was found to be conserved using the cow dungs mixe

关键词： Bare Rainfall Simulator Soil treated

The Effect of Physical Factors on Fecal Coliform Viability Rate in Sewage Sludge

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2014年第2期2卷 9-13页

作者： S. N. Al-Bahry I. Y. Mahmoud S. K. Al-Musharafi 1Department of Biology College of Science Sultan Qaboos University Muscat Oman 2Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry University of Nizwa Nizwa Oman 3Department of Applied Biotechnology Sur College of Applied Sciences Sur Oman

Experiments were conducted on the survival rate of fecal coliform after spreading the sewage sludge for desiccation on sludge beds in an open field throughout the year. The ambient temperature, humidity, sunlight intensity and solar radiation were measured during the period of sludge desiccation. The maximum average temperature, sunlight intensity and solar radiation were recorded throughout the year. During May and August the minimum microbial counts were recorded after four weeks of sludge desiccation. Relative humidity did not have significant effect on survival rate. The minimum microbial counts were taken after four weeks of sludge drying. When the sludge was mixed with three different media, the maximum count of fecal coliform was presented when soil mixed with sludge and irrigated with treated sewage effluent (TSE). When soil mixed with sludge irrigated with well water, the number of fecal coliform count dropped significantly. The minimum count occurred when compost was used instead of sludge. This was a clear indication that the source of contamination was from sludge and was mostly contributed by the TSE irrigation. The use of dried sludge after four weeks of treatment had the lowest fecal coliform count and was safe to be used as fertilizer for farming. Oman is located in a semi-equatorial belt with arid environmental conditions which are ideal for elimination of microbial pathogens. Thus, sludge desiccation in such environmental conditions, specifically during the hot months of the year, is perfect for such practice.

关键词： Sewage Sludge treated Sewage Effluent Fecal Coliform Viability Rate Environmental Factors

The Impact of Malaria Control Interventions on Malaria and Anaemia in Children under Five after Ten Years of Implementation in the Hohoe Municipality of Ghana

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2017年第3期7卷 93-105页

作者： Margaret Kweku Eric Kwaku Appiah Yeetey Enuameh Martin Adjuik Wisdom Takramah Elvis Tarkang John Gyapong School of Public Health University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana Dept. of Epidemiology Surveillance and Disease Control Public Health Division 37 Military Hospital Accra Ghana Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Office of the Vice Chancellor University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana

Background: Malaria remains a dominant health issue among children in Ghana. We monitored the trend of long lasting insecticide net (LLIN) ownership and use and its impact on malaria and anaemia among children under five over the past decade in an area of intense, prolonged and seasonal malaria transmission. Methods: A total of 1717, 2155 and 1915 children were surveyed in June and 1717, 2155 and 1697 in November in 30 communities of the Hohoe Municipality in 2006, 2010 and 2015 respectively. The primary outcomes monitored were the trend of LLIN ownership, use and prevalence of malaria and anaemia through cross-sectional surveys. Findings: Results showed a significantly positive trend (p Interpretation: Ownership of LLIN and its use together with other indicators of malaria prevalence generally improved five years after the implementation of a malaria control programme. Ten years after programme implementation, consistent improvement was only in LLIN ownership and use. Also malaria prevalence indicators improved in the post as compared to the pre-rainy season in the study communities.

关键词： Malaria Anaemia Long Lasting Insecticide treated BedNets Children under Five Years Hohoe Municipality Ghana