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Safety of Blood Maintained in Zimbabwe: Low transfusion transmissible infections among Blood Donors

Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2020年第7期8卷 35-43页

作者： David Zezai Palanivel Chinnakali Riitta A. Dlodlo Hamufare D. Mugauri Philip Owiti Menard Mutenherwa George Mavunganidze Lucy M. Marowa Tonderai Mapako National Blood Service Zimbabwe (NBSZ) Harare Zimbabwe Department of Preventive and Social Medicine Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER) Puducherry India International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Paris France Ministry of Health and Child Care AIDS and TB Unit Harare Zimbabwe National Tuberculosis Leprosy and Lung Disease Programme Ministry of Health Nairobi Kenya

Background: Low level of transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs) is an indicator of a well-performing blood donor program. Aim: The study was designed to estimate the prevalence of TTIs and to evaluate the demographic characteristics of reactive and non-reactive blood donors in Zimbabwe in 2018. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using routinely available data from January to December 2018 in five branches of National Blood Service Zimbabwe (NBSZ). After initial screening for high-risk behavior with a questionnaire, weight, blood pressure and hemoglobin level, eligible donors were invited for blood donation. The following laboratory tests for TTIs were done: antibodies and antigen tests for human immunodeficiency virus 1 and 2 (HIV 1/2), tests for the surface antigen of hepatitis B virus (HBV), testing for hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody and antibodies for treponema pallidum. Information on age, gender, NBSZ branch, marital status, occupation, donor type (first time/repeat) and TTIs test results were extracted from the NBSZ electronic database (e-Delphyn blood bank software). Results: Out of a sample of 1586 blood donors, thirteen (0.81%) were reactive to at least one TTI marker;five (0.32%) were reactive for human immunodeficiency virus, seven (0.44%) for hepatitis B and one (0.06%) for syphilis. There were no samples with co-infection and hepatitis C virus markers. The prevalence of TTIs was highest in the 31 - 45 years age group (2.3%) and among first-time blood donors (4.7%). The prevalence of all TTI was low with the highest prevalence of 0.44% for the hepatitis B virus. Conclusion: Continued concerted efforts will help to maintain satisfactory blood safety in Zimbabwe.

关键词： transfusion transmissible infections Blood Donors Hepatitis Human Immunodeficiency Virus SORT IT

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