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transformative hyaluronic acid-based active targeting supramolecular nanoplatform improves long circulation and enhances cellular uptake in cancer therapy

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2019年第2期9卷 397-409页

作者： Lu Zhong Lu Xu Yanying Liu Qingsong Li Dongyang Zhao Zhenbao Li Huicong Zhang Haotian Zhang Qiming Kan Yongjun Wang Jin Sun Zhonggui He Department of Pharmaceutics Wuya College of Innovation Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Department of Pharmacy Shenyang Pharmaceutical University

Hyaluronic acid(HA) is a natural ligand of tumor-targeted drug delivery systems(DDS) due to the relevant CD44 receptor overexpressed on tumor cell membranes. However, other HA receptors(HARE and LYVE-1) are also overexpressing in the reticuloendothelial system(RES). Therefore,polyethylene glycol(PEG) modification of HA-based DDS is necessary to reduce RES ***, pegylation remarkably inhibits tumor cellular uptake and endosomal escapement,significantly compromising the in vivo antitumor efficacy. Herein, we developed a Dox-loaded HA-based transformable supramolecular nanoplatform(Dox/HCVBP) to overcome this dilemma. Dox/HCVBP contains a tumor extracellular acidity-sensitive detachable PEG shell achieved by a benzoic imine *** in vitro and in vivo investigations further demonstrated that Dox/HCVBP could be in a "stealth" state at blood stream for a long circulation time due to the buried HA ligands and the minimized nonspecific interaction by PEG shell. However, it could transform into a "recognition" state under the tumor acidic microenvironment for efficient tumor cellular uptake due to the direct exposure of active targeting ligand HA following PEG shell detachment. Such a transformative concept provides a promising strategy to resolve the dilemma of natural ligand-based DDS with conflicting two processes of tumor cellular uptake and in vivo nonspecific biodistribution.

关键词： Hyaluronic acid Benzoic imine linkage Active-targeting Cancer therapy Natural ligand Supramolecular nanoplatform transformative nanoparticles PEG dilemma

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transformative learning in nursing education: A concept analysis

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2020年第1期7卷 91-98页

作者： Tebogo A Tsimane Charlene Downing Department of Nursing University of JohannesburgJohannesburgSouth Africa

Objective:There is vast literature on transformative learning,which is an important aspect of nursing education,but its meaning remains *** is therefore important to clarify the meaning of transformative learning,identify its attributes,antecedents and consequences to increase its use in nursing education,practice and ***:Walker and Avant's method was used,and the process provided a structured way to analyse the concept of'transfonnative leaming'.Nursing education dictionaries,encyclopaedias,conference papers,research articles,dissertations,theses,journal articles,thesauri and relevant books through the database library and intemet searches were *** hundred and two literature sources were reviewed,and data saturation was ***:The results of the concept analysis of transformative learning within the context of nursing education identified three categories,namely,1)Antecedents as cognitive and affective perspective,democratic education principles and inspiration;2)Process through three phases,namely i)awareness through self-reflection,ii)the meaningful interactive,integrative and democratic construction process,and iii)metacognitive reasoning abilities;and 3)Outcomes.A theoretical definition of transformative learning was *** validity was ***:The results of the concept analysis of transformative learning were used to describe a model to facilitate transformative learning within the context of nursing education.

关键词： Concept analysis Nursing education transformative learning

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transformative Presidents： A Review of Definitions, Focused on the Reagan Presidency

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International Relations and Diplomacy 2015年第7期3卷 487-495页

作者： William A. P. Thompson Jr. University of Texas at Dallas Dallas USA

The most significant variable in ranking a President as transformative is the nature of his legacy. Reagan＇s legacy resulted from the Tea Party＇s adoption of Reagan＇s conservative policy proposals, labeled the Reagan Revolution, or as Reagan defined in his farewell address, the ＂... Great Rediscovery, a recovery of our values and common sense＂（Skowronek, 1967, p. 95）. transformative presidents create changes in the American Political System. Stephen Skowronek has defined five transformational presidents whose administration transformed the American political system： Jefferson, Jackson, Lincoln, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Reagan （Skowronek, 1967, p. 95）. Further, a comparison of the Reagan and Obama presidencies is included to explain why a President may be defined as being or not transformative. Each of these transformation repudiated their predecessor＇s policies. The Reagan Revolution enabled Reagan to become transformative by repudiating Carter＇s New Deal liberal and progressive policies. Presidential scholars who deny the ability of presidents to become transformative do so based on their research that presidents lack the power to persuade Congress or change public opinion. Skowronek utilized Neustadt＇s theory of ＂periodization＂ to explain how the five transformational presidents each left through their ＂legacy＂, presidents who followed their policies. Reagan＇s followers included： George Bush, Clinton＇s centrist policies adhered to Reagan＇s, and George W. Bush. Obama was elected by repudiating his predecessor＇s policies. Whether Obama was transformative has yet to be determined.

关键词： transformative Reagan presidency periodization

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Critical emancipatory reflection on a practice-based issue in relation to the working relationship between doctors and nurses in China

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Frontiers of Nursing 2019年第1期6卷 5-11页

作者： Dong-Lan Ling Hong-Jing Yu Department of Urologic Surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Department of Nursing Administration The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University

Objective: Reflection is viewed as the most significant skill and should be advocated for lifelong learning. In order to grasp the process of reflection and embrace the reflective skill, one of the authors of this paper reflects on a practice-based issue in relation to the communication between doctors and nurses, to gain new understanding and thus improve the authors' clinical ***: Smyth's framework with four stages is utilized as an ideal framework to guide the author's reflection on the practice-based issue to free the author from her entrenched assumptions and the oppressive forces that limit her ***: The espoused and enacted theory, together with the critical reflection theory, are used to explore the values and beliefs that essentially govern the author's practice and how these are distinct from the author's worldviews. Following this, critical emancipatory reflection is undertaken to explore the dominant power structures within the author's workplace. Furthermore, given the hegemonic and chaotic working context of this issue, hegemony and symbolic interaction theory are applied to unearth the various hidden constraining and oppressive forces. Additionally, socialization theory is utilized to help the author achieve professional ***: Reconstructing the practice-based issue empowers the author to realize that in the future, she should act as a reflective practitioner, creating a daily habit, staying alert to practice, seeing things freshly, finding support systems, improving communication skills, conducting reflective research, and reifying reflective practice. Ultimately, the author will be sufficiently equipped to be able to transform her practice and change its outcomes.

关键词： reflective skill critical emancipatory reflection Smyth’s framework hegemony socialization theory transformative practice

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The Redemptive Power of Theatre and the Pursuit of Justice in Our Country’s Good

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Sino-US English Teaching 2019年第1期16卷 33-40页

作者： CHEN Jing-xia Central University of Finance and Economics Beijing China

This paper aims to understand Timberlake Wertenbaker’s Our Country’s Good in the context of theatre in crisis in the 1980s Britain and attempts to find the contemporary resonance of this history play. Through exploring the adaptation and workshop of the play, discussing the transformative influence of rehearsals on the convicts in the Australian penal colony, and expounding on theatre as an important venue for rehabilitation and justice in contemporary society, the paper intends to disclose the playwright’s commitment to theatre, her reassertion of the social role of theatre in contemporary Britain and her critique of Mrs. Thatcher’s philistinism which impaired art, particularly theatre, to a great degree.

关键词： theatre in crisis transformative influence rehabilitation justice Mrs. Thatcher

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Construction of Meaning Scheme in Community Strategic Planning of Civil Society

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Management Studies 2018年第4期6卷 259-266页

作者： Wandee Sutthinarakorn Suthee Rattanamongkolgul Kasetsart University BangkokThailand Srinakharinwirot University Nakhon NayokThailand

This research aimed to examine problems in building up local development plan,construct new meaning scheme of community strategic planning of civil society,and identify strategic guidelines for grassroots economic *** informants were 145 representatives of civil society from 102 communities in Trang Province,*** instruments were dialogue forums which encouraged the key informants to reveal their own experiences in public *** were analyzed by using interpretation of their own experiences in order to construct new meaning scheme from *** revealed that the problems of previous community strategic plan facilitated by governmental organizations had less concern towards people’s self-reliance and participation to determine their own community *** society participated in construction of new meaning scheme of local development by setting direction concerning existing local assets;*** resources,mountains,forests and paddy ***,local people were harmoniously living among diversified cultural and ethnical differences like Buddhists,Muslims,Chinese-Thais,and local ethnic *** factors that weakened local capacity are consumerism in today’s society,and governmental mechanism was not conformed to local *** developmental budgets were arranged by government ***,new meaning scheme to development is setting up the directions of local development based on peaceful and strong relationship of community people including reservation of natural and cultural ***,civil society’s role should be strengthened and reset,while government organizations act as facilitators instead of being *** strategic guidelines included:promoting occupational capacity for small-and medium-sized community enterprises to gain more opportunity in economic space of local wisdom products,conserving the natural resources and bio-diversity,developing physical environment and city p

关键词： new meaning scheme transformative learning local economy civil society Trang Province Thailand

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A Multiphase Mixed Methods Approach to the Internationalization of Higher Education in South Africa:Outline of a Discursive Research Framework

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Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management 2019年第3期7卷 101-119页

作者： Lizl Steynberg Jan Grundling Bing Liu Yuan Li Hebei University of Technology TianjinChina Tshwane University of Technology PretoriaSouth Africa

Higher education internationalization(HEI)has become an important priority for global decision makers and education *** by globalization,HEI is a political strategy and economic prospect for countries,governments,and universities to position themselves in global *** purpose of this paper is to provide a methodological pathway to develop a dynamic,reformed South African HEI framework based on the transformative drive(i.e.,adjustment of change,learning,shared knowledge,internationalization,globalization an institutionalized memory)of HEI in *** interpretivist paradigm constitutes the basic research *** and qualitative data will be collected,analyzed,and integrated using a multiphase mixed methods *** approach consists of three phases including content analysis(Phase I),in-depth interviews(Phase II),and surveys(Phase III),which answers the focal research *** significance of this research includes creating a better understanding of South African higher education(HE)policy issues from a transformational perspective,contributing to theory on how internationalization affects HE’s position in economic and social development and broadening knowledge and understanding of the unique circumstances and challenges of HEI in developing countries,particularly in countries seeking to position themselves in the globalized knowledge economy.

关键词： higher education internationalization(HEI) higher education(HE) multiphase mixed methods transformative forces reformative framework

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Escaping and Transforming Consciousness, Emotions, and Body

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Journal of Philosophy Study 2012年第8期2卷 527-537页

作者： Jennifer Ang Mei Sze Singapore Institute of Management University

＂Emotion is a specific manner of apprehending the world＂ and transforming the world rather than an ＂accidental modification of a subject who is surrounded by an unchanged world,＂ according to Jean-Paul Sartre. Both Sketch for a Theory of the Emotions and Being and Nothingness set out to investigate these relationships in broadly two ways. One, consciousness of the world of others is experienced through our emotions （anger, fear, shame, and pride for instance） as a body that escapes our grasp in being-seen-by-another. Two, we apprehend the world through our emotions in the process of magical transformation （for example, fear, melancholy, and sadness）. This paper examines emotions on two levels： how we experience our ontological state as being-for-itself-in-itself and being-in-the-world-for-others; and how we conceive emotions as ＂magic＂ changing its relationship with the world ＂so that the world should change its qualities.＂ What is of critical interest here is the relationship between consciousness and emotions. Situating this discussion in the context of Satre＇s critique on psychology, it proceeds to advance his existential psychoanalysis, starting with establishing a place for emotions and concluding with its transformative power to escape their situations.

关键词： magic consciousness emotions transformative escape

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19-20世纪的文化转型——基督教传教士的希望、中国激进派的革命以及关于文化之能动本质的神学反思

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基督教文化学刊 2013年第2期30卷 3-30页

作者：费乐仁章新若张靖香港浸会大学宗教及哲学系北京大学马克思主义学院中国人民大学文学院

引言基督教传教士与激进革命者之间似乎并无多少关联,但这两类人士均在不同程度上评估和挑战了当代文化,并试图革新文化。本文将关注某些重要基督教在华"传教士学者"(missionary-scholar)在文化转型变革中的影响,将他们各自独特的文化... 详细信息

引言基督教传教士与激进革命者之间似乎并无多少关联,但这两类人士均在不同程度上评估和挑战了当代文化,并试图革新文化。本文将关注某些重要基督教在华"传教士学者"(missionary-scholar)在文化转型变革中的影响,将他们各自独特的文化改变与欧洲和中国激进革命者的文化转变进行比较和对照。通过这种方法。

关键词： cultural transformation Protestant missionaries military revolution the transformative dimension culture

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