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Characterizing Peak-Time traffic jam Incidents in Kampala Using Exploratory Data Analysis

Journal of Transportation Technologies 2023年第1期13卷 61-86页

作者： Sekalema Hamza Umar Yahya Abdal Kasule Kasagga Usama Pembe Fahad Kamoga Ibrahim Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Islamic University in Uganda Kampala Uganda Department of Information and Communication Technology Equator University of Science and Technology Masaka Uganda

traffic congestion is associated with increased environmental pollutions, as well as reduced socio-economic productivity due to significant delays in travel times. The consequences are worse in least developed countries where motorized road transport networks are often inefficiently managed in addition to being largely underdeveloped. Recent research on traffic congestion has mostly focused on infrastructural aspects of road networks, with little or no emphasis at all on motorists’ on-the-road behavior (MB). The current study thus aimed to bridge this knowledge gap by characterizing traffic jam incidents (TJI) observed over a period of 80 days in Uganda’s Capital City, Kampala. MB as well as road network infrastructural factors such as road blockage (RB), were captured for each of the observed TJI. A total of 483 peak-time TJI were recorded, and exploratory data analysis (EDA) subsequently performed on the TJI dataset. EDA involved Hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and K-means clustering of the TJI dataset, as well as a detailed descriptive statistical analysis of both the entire dataset and the emerging TJI clusters. A highlight finding of this study is that 48.2% of the observed TJIs were as a result of on-the-road motorist behavior. Furthermore, the intervention of traffic police officers in a bid to regulate traffic flow was equally responsible for 25.9% of the TJIs observed in this study. Overall, these results indicate that whereas road infrastructural improvement is warranted in order to improve traffic flow, introducing interventions to address inappropriate on-the-road motorists’ behavior could alone improve traffic flow in Kampala, by over 48%. Additionally, in-order to effectively regulate traffic flow in Kampala and other least developed cities with similar traffic congestion management practices, motorists’ on-the-road behavior ought to be factored into any data-driven mechanisms deployed to regulate traffic flow and thus potentially significantly

关键词： Motorist Behavior traffic jam traffic Congestion Urban Road-Networks Motorized Transport traffic Clusters

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“基于核心素养教学目标引领,提升课堂质量行动”——高一英语《traffic jam》教学目标落实方案课例

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校园英语 2017年第26期 180-180页

作者：赵晋芳太原外国语学校

正在修订的高中英语课程标准正式提出英语学科核心素养的概念:英语学科核心素养主要包括语言能力、文化品格、思维品质和学习能力四个方面。许多英语教育者开始研究如何在英语教学中发展学生的核心素养。笔者所在学校提出"读、听、议、... 详细信息

正在修订的高中英语课程标准正式提出英语学科核心素养的概念:英语学科核心素养主要包括语言能力、文化品格、思维品质和学习能力四个方面。许多英语教育者开始研究如何在英语教学中发展学生的核心素养。笔者所在学校提出"读、听、议、问、练"五字课堂教学法,提出教学改革的基本思想:"现学现教,以学为主,向课堂的分分秒秒要质量。"基于以上政策和理念,本文以traffic jam(交通拥堵)为主题,进行探究,融合知识学习与技能发展,在分析解决

关键词：核心素养高一英语教学目标 traffic jam 课堂质量目标引领

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Feedback control scheme of traffic jams based on the coupled map car-following model

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Chinese Physics B 2013年第9期22卷 203-208页

作者：周桐孙棣华赵敏李华民 Key Laboratory of Dependable Service Computing in Cyber Physical Society of Ministry of Education Chongqing University College of Automation Chongqing University

Based on the pioneering work of Konishi et al. [Phys. Rev. E （1999） 60 4000], a new feedback control scheme is presented to suppress traffic jams based on the coupled map car-following model under the open boundary condition. The effect of the safe headway on the traffic system is considered. According to the control theory, the condition under which traffic jams can be suppressed is analyzed. The results are compared with the previous results concerning congestion control. The simulations show that the suppression performance of our scheme on traffic jams is better than those of the previous schemes, although all the schemes can suppress traffic jams. The simulation results are consistent with theoretical analyses.

关键词： traffic jam coupled map car-following model control scheme safe headway

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An extended master-equation approach applied to aggregation in freeway traffic

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Chinese Physics B 2008年第2期17卷 473-478页

作者：李俊卫林柏梁黄永畅 State Key Laboratory of Rail traffic Control and Safety Beijing Jiaotong University Institute of Theoretical Physics College of Applied SciencesBeijing University of Technology

We restudy the master-equation approach applied to aggregation in a one-dimensional freeway, where the decay transition probabilities for the jump processes are reconstructed based on a car-following model. According to the reconstructed transition probabilities, the clustering behaviours and the stochastic properties of the master equation in a one-lane freeway traffic model are investigated in detail The numerical results show that the size of the clusters initially below the critical size of the unstable cluster and initially above that of the unstable cluster all enter the same stable state, which also accords with the nucleation theory and is known from the result in earlier work. Moreover, we have obtained more reasonable parameters of the master equation based on some results of cellular automata models.

关键词： master equation traffic jam nucleation theory

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Travel time prediction with viscoelastic traffic model

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2018年第12期39卷 1769-1788页

作者： Yongliang ZHANG M.N.SMIRNOVA A.I.BOGDANOVA Zuojin ZHU N.N.SMIRNOV Faculty of Engineering Science University of Science and Technology of China Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics Moscow M.V.Lomonosov State University Scientific Research Institute for System Analysis Russian Academy of Sciences

Travel time through a ring road with a total length of 80 km has been predicted by a viscoelastic traffic model(VEM), which is developed in analogous to the non-Newtonian fluid flow. The VEM expresses a traffic pressure for the unfree flow case by space headway, ensuring that the pressure can be determined by the assumption that the relevant second critical sound speed is exactly equal to the disturbance propagation speed determined by the free flow speed and the braking distance measured by the average vehicular length. The VEM assumes that the sound speed for the free flow case depends on the traffic density in some specific aspects, which ensures that it is exactly identical to the free flow speed on an empty road. To make a comparison, the open Navier-Stokes type model developed by Zhang(ZHANG, H. M. Driver memory, traffic viscosity and a viscous vehicular traffic flow model. Transp. Res. Part B, 37, 27–41(2003)) is adopted to predict the travel time through the ring road for providing the counterpart *** the traffic free flow speed is 80 km/h, the braking distance is supposed to be 45 m,with the jam density uniquely determined by the average length of vehicles l ≈ 5.8 m. To avoid possible singular points in travel time prediction, a distinguishing period for time averaging is pre-assigned to be 7.5 minutes. It is found that the travel time increases monotonically with the initial traffic density on the ring road. Without ramp effects, for the ring road with the initial density less than the second critical density, the travel time can be simply predicted by using the equilibrium speed. However, this simpler approach is unavailable for scenarios over the second critical.

关键词： travel time viscoelastic modeling distinguishing period for time averaging spatial-temporal pattern traffic jam

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The Research on the Guidance Model based on Congestion Prediction

The Research on the Guidance Model based on Congestion Predi...

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2010 4th International Conference on Intelligent Information Technology Application (IITA2010)

作者： WEI Zhonghua/ Beijing University of Technology traffic Engineering Key Lab of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology Beijing, China GAO Li/ Beijing institute of technology School of Mechanical and vehicular Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China Beijing, China Wang Xi/ Beijing institute of technology School of Mechanical and vehicular Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China Beijing, China CHEN Xuemei/Beijing institute of technology School of Mechanical and vehicular Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China Jiangsu University Automobile Key Laboratory, Jiangsu University Zhejiang, 212013, China Zhang Zhenhua/ Beijing institute of technology School of Mechanical and vehicular Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China Beijing, China

It is very important to provide guidance information timely and correctly in order to decrease traffic jam. This paper proposes the concept of time ahead of guidance first, the queuing theory model was used to forecast short-term travel time, and the guidance model was eastablished, which based on the traffic congestion prediction model. The Sitong Bridge to Zhongguancun First Bridge section was used as a concrete example to check the forecast model and the guidance model.

关键词： traffic jam the queuing theory congestion forecast guidance model

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Application of Extension Theory to ITS

Application of Extension Theory to ITS

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第25届中国控制会议

作者： He Fan Beijing jiaotong university 538 mailbox. Beijing 100044

＜正＞An issue identified as having a high priority to be solved is the conflict between continuous increase of the needs in urban traffic and relative lag of the development in public traffic,this remarkably represents in urban traffic jam. The extension 3-4-4 and transforming bridge method is employed here, the author based on the matter-element theory and combined various methods to build extension methods library and bring forward realizing the application of ITS to urban traffic through applying the combination of agent and extension theory.

关键词： intelligent transportation system extenics agent extension 3-4-4 transforming bridge traffic jam

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车牌管控政策与城市治堵的最优方案

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管理科学 2023年第4期

作者：郝亮巫景飞

本文基于上海和北京车牌市场的现状及现有车牌管控政策的实施情况，界定车牌市场的经济环境，通过拟线性效用函数刻画消费者的偏好，定义能够涵盖上海、北京、广州等城市车牌管控政策的车牌配置的一般机制，构建包括路况、效率、公平在... 详细信息

本文基于上海和北京车牌市场的现状及现有车牌管控政策的实施情况，界定车牌市场的经济环境，通过拟线性效用函数刻画消费者的偏好，定义能够涵盖上海、北京、广州等城市车牌管控政策的车牌配置的一般机制，构建包括路况、效率、公平在内的机制评价的指标体系，通过比较分析发现：路况最佳的机制必然在现上海机制中产生；效率最高的机制既不可能是路况最佳的机制，也不可能是公平性最好的机制，但路况最佳的机制却同时可能是公平性最好的机制。就优化车牌配置机制，本文提出“路况与公平并重，兼顾效率”的基本原则，并阐释车牌配置机制的设计理念。进一步地，本文剖析车牌配置机制的内在缺陷，给出“道路拥堵费+公共交通补贴”的新方案，并论证其是在路况、效率、公平三个指标维度上全面优于车牌配置机制的城市治堵的最优方案。基于上述研究结论，本文建议：短期内应优化各城市的车牌管控政策，作为暂时缓解交通压力的权宜之计；长期中则推行“道路拥堵费+公共交通补贴”方案，使其成为解决城市道路拥堵的长久之策。

关键词：车牌配置机制交通拥堵最优方案 vehicle license configuration mechanism traffic jam optimal scheme

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Time Prediction Through A Congested Road Section

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Modern Electronic Technology 2020年第1期4卷 25-28页

作者： Ziyi Cheng Ziqi Wei Xinhao Huang Ying Li Mathematical Modeling Innovation Lab North China University of Science and TechnologyTangshanHebei063210China

First,the cellular automaton was used to simulate a"T"junction,and the correlation analysis was performed by combining the traffic pattern and the corresponding data to obtain the reason for the inaccurate prediction time of the navigation *** collected data is preprocessed to obtain the driving time of multiple road vehicles in a week,and this is used as the influencing *** the collected information:the length of the intersection,the average speed of real-time vehicles at the intersection,and the length of the *** first two processes of the three pre-processing processes are considered together to obtain a time-dependent *** correlation factors and the duration of the intersections are used to predict the results of neural network *** on the analysis and prediction of the data,the causes of urban traffic congestion are analyzed,and measures to reduce urban congestion are proposed.

关键词： Cellular automata Simulation BP neural network traffic jam

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基于系统动力学的网约车政策对城市交通的影响研究

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管理科学 2020年第2期

作者：张三省苏倩张俊青

为分析网约车政策对城市交通系统的影响，文章选取政策中的驾驶员户籍和车辆限制条件，运用系统动力学方法，构建以网约车为核心的各因素间相互影响的网约车政策仿真模型，分析不同限制条件下网约车、私家车、出租车数量、出行量、常住... 详细信息

为分析网约车政策对城市交通系统的影响，文章选取政策中的驾驶员户籍和车辆限制条件，运用系统动力学方法，构建以网约车为核心的各因素间相互影响的网约车政策仿真模型，分析不同限制条件下网约车、私家车、出租车数量、出行量、常住人口和城市GDP等变量的变化趋势。以西安市为例，运行仿真模型得到仿真结果，结果表明：限制户籍或车辆政策均会减少网约车数量，且限制车辆条件的影响（2.86倍）比限制户籍（0.82倍）更强；政策限制情况下，私家车数量和出租车客运量均会增加。从长远看，政策规制力度越大，网约车数量减少越明显，当不能满足用户需求时，私家车数量会逐渐增长，不利于缓解交通拥堵。城市应根据自身的实际情况合理制定、调整政策，有效引导网约车行业健康有序发展。

关键词：城市交通政策仿真模型系统动力学网约车交通拥堵 urban traffic policy simulation model system dynamics ride-hailing traffic jam

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