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Interactions between maternal parity and feed additives drive the composition of pig gut microbiomes in the post‑weaning period

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1241-1257页

作者： Kayla Law Eduardo Rosa Medina Garcia Chad Hastad Deborah Murray Pedro E.Urriola Andres Gomez Department of Animal Science University of Minnesota1364 Eckles AvenueSaint PaulMN 55108USA New Fashion Pork 164 Industrial ParkwayJacksonMN 56143USA

Background Nursery pigs undergo stressors in the post-weaning period that result in production and welfare *** challenges disproportionately impact the offspring of primiparous sows compared to those of mul-tiparous *** is known regarding potential interactions between parity and feed additives in the post-weaning period and their effects on nursery pig ***,the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of maternal parity on sow and offspring microbiomes and the influence of sow parity on pig fecal microbi-ome and performance in response to a prebiotic *** weaning,piglets were allotted into three treat-ment groups:a standard nursery diet including pharmacological doses of Zn and Cu(Con),a group fed a commercial prebiotic only(Preb)based on an Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract,and a group fed the same prebiotic plus Zn and Cu(Preb+ZnCu).Results Although there were no differences in vaginal microbiome composition between primiparous and mul-tiparous sows,fecal microbiome composition was different(R^(2)=0.02,P=0.03).The fecal microbiomes of primiparous offspring displayed significantly higher bacterial diversity compared to multiparous offspring at d 0 and d 21 post-weaning(P<0.01),with differences in community composition observed at d 21(R^(2)=0.03,P=0.04).When analyzing the effects of maternal parity within each treatment,only the Preb diet triggered significant microbiome distinc-tions between primiparous and multiparous offspring(d 21:R^(2)=0.13,P=0.01;d 42:R^(2)=0.19,P=0.001).Composi-tional differences in pig fecal microbiomes between treatments were observed only at d 21(R^(2)=0.12,P=0.001).Pigs in the Con group gained significantly more weight throughout the nursery period when compared to those in the Preb+ZnCu *** Nursery pig gut microbiome composition was influenced by supplementation with an Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract,with varying effects on performance

关键词： Aspergillus prebiotic Copper Feed additives Maternal Nursery pig microbiome Parity Swine microbiome trace minerals Zinc

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Complexed amino acid minerals ***-glycinate chelated minerals:Impact on the performance of old laying hens

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 395-408页

作者： Marcos J.B.Santos Maria C.M.M.Ludke Leandro M.Silva Carlos B.V.Rabello Mércia R.Barros Fabiano S.Costa Clariana S.Santos Jamille S.S.Wanderley Department of Animal Science Rural Federal University of PernambucoRecifePEBrazil Department of Veterinary Science Rural Federal University of PernambucoRecifePEBrazil

The present study was to evaluate the effect of trace minerals(Zn,Mn,and Cu)from complexed amino acid minerals(ZMCAA)and bis-glycinate chelated minerals(ZMCGly)in laying hen diets on performance,internal and external egg quality,yolk mineral deposition,intestinal morphometry,and bone *** 78 to 98 weeks of age,400 White LSL-Lite strain laying hens were distributed in a randomized design with 4 treatments with 10 replicates per *** were distributed in a 2×2 factorial arrangement using either Zn,Mn,and Cu of ZMCAA or ZMCGly source at 2 levels:low(20,20,and 3.5 mg/kg of Zn,Mn,and Cu,respectively)or high(40,40,and 7 mg/kg of Zn,Mn,and Cu,respectively).The analysis of variance was performed,and in cases where differences were observed,the means were compared using Tukey?s test(Ptrace mineral supplementation had a significant impact on the performance of laying *** fed ZMCAA had higher egg production(P=0.01),egg weight(P=0.02),egg mass(P=0.01),and lower feed conversion ratio(P=0.05)compared to those fed *** ZMCAA supplementation showed higher albumen height(P=0.01),albumen weight(P=0.01),and eggshell thickness(Ptrace minerals(Ptrace minerals in the egg yolk,and bone density compared to hens fed *** this study,older laying hens supplemented with ZMCAA at lower levels demonstrated adequate levels of supplementation.

关键词： Bis-glycinates Metal-amino acids Radiodensity trace minerals

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Peripheral leukocyte and endometrium molecular biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress are altered in peripartal dairy cows supplemented with Zn,Mn,and Cu from amino acid complexes and Co from Co glucoheptonate

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第4期8卷 885-896页

作者： Fernanda Batistel Johan S.Osorio Muhammad Rizwan Tariq Cong Li Jessica Caputo Michael T.Socha Juan J.Loor Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences University of Illinois1207 West Gregory DriveUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Dairy Science South Dakota State UniversityBrookingsSDUSA. Department of Food Science and Technology University College of Agriculture&Environmental SciencesThe Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpurPunjabPakistan College of Animal Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of AgricultureNational Engineering Laboratory for Animal BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Zinpro Corporation Eden PrairieMNUSA

Background: Immune dysfunction and a higher risk of uterine infections are characteristics of the transition into lactation in dairy cows. The supply of complexed trace minerals, which are more bioavailable, could help overcome the greater needs of these nutrients in tissues around parturition and early ***: Twenty Holstein cows received an oral bolus with a mix of inorganic trace minerals(INO) or complexed trace minerals(AAC) to achieve 75, 65, 11, and 1 ppm supplemental Zn, Mn, Cu, and Co, respectively, in the total diet dry matter from -30 d through +30 d relative to parturition. Blood for polymorphonuclear leukocyte(PMNL) isolation was collected at-30,-15, +10, and + 30 d relative to parturition, whereas endometrium biopsies were performed at +14 and +30 d. Feeding AAC led to greater PMNL expression of genes related with inflammation response(DDX58), oxidative stress response(MPO), eicosanoid metabolism(PLA2G4A and ALOX5AP), transcription regulation(PPARG), and cellular adhesion(TLN1). The upregulation by AAC in endometrium of genes related with inflammation response( TLR2, TLR4, NFKB1, TNF, IL6, IL1 B, IL10, IL8), prostaglandin synthesis(PTGS2, PTGES), and antioxidant responses(NFE2 L2, SOD1) indicated a faster remodeling of uterine tissue and potentially greater capacity to control a local bacterial ***: Data indicate that trace mineral supplementation from amino acid complexes improves PMNL activity and allows the prompt recovery of uterine tissue during early lactation. As such, the benefits of complexed trace minerals extend beyond an improvement of liver function and productive performance.

关键词： Inflammation Oxidative stress trace minerals Transition period

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Nutritional strategies for reducing nitrogen, phosphorus and trace mineral excretions of livestock and poultry

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第12期16卷 2815-2833页

作者： LU Lin LIAO Xiu-dong LUO Xu-gang Mineral Nutrition Research Division Institute of Animal Science Chinese Academy of Agricultura Sciences Beijing 100193 P.R.China

Animal agriculture contributes to environmental pollutions through the surplus nitrogen（N）, phosphorus（P）, and trace minerals that animals excrete. Animal nutritionists have sought alternatives to formulate more efficient diets and reduce production costs and environmental concerns. In general, element excretions may be reduced by avoiding the overfeeding of specific elements or using nutritional approaches to improve element utilizations by the animals. Several nutritional strategies are possible for minimizing N, P, and trace mineral excretions： 1） to accurately meet dietary N, P and trace mineral requirements of animals, which includes reducing the dietary crude protein contents with synthetic amino acids or feeding high rumenally undegraded protein, minimizing the adequate levels of dietary P and trace elements, adopting phase or group-feeding program, and considering the bioavailable trace mineral contents in the feed ingredients; 2） to improve the bioavailabilities of dietary N, P, and trace elements for animals by using some additives（enzymes, growth promoters, probiotics, prebiotics, vitamin D isomers, and organic acids）; 3） to use highly available P sources or organic trace elements. In the future, nutrient strategies must be integrated into total production systems so that animal production systems are environmentally safe as well as economically viable.

关键词： nutritional strategies nitrogen phosphorus trace minerals animal excretions

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Toxicological effects of nanoselenium in animals

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第6期13卷 1610-1622页

作者： Iqra Bano Sylvie Skalickova Safia Arbab Lenka Urbankova Pavel Horky Department of Physiology and Biochemistry Faculty of BioscienceShaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary&Animal SciencesSakrand 67210Pakistan Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production Mendel University in BrnoZemedelska 1CZ-61300 BrnoCzech Republic Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development Ministry of AgricultureLanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhou 730050China.

The productivity and sustainability of livestock production systems are heavily influenced by animal *** maintain homeostatic balance in the body of the animal at different phases of life,the percentage of organically active minerals in livestock feed must be ***(Se)is a crucial trace mineral that is required for the maintenance of many functions of the *** nanoparticles(SeNPs)attracted considerable interest from researchers for a variety of applications a decade ago,owing to their extraordinary *** offer significant advantages over larger-sized materials,by having a comparatively wider surface area,increased surface energy,and high *** its benefits,SeNP also has toxic effects,therefore safety concerns must be taken for a successful *** toxicological effects of SeNPs in animals are characterized by weight loss,and increased mortality rate.A safe-by-strategy to certify animal,human and environmental safety will contribute to an early diagnosis of all risks associated with *** review is aimed at describing the beneficial uses and potential toxicity of SeNPs in various *** will also serve as a summary of different levels of SeNPs which should be added in the feed of animals for better performance.

关键词： Nanoparticles Organism Selenium Toxicity trace minerals

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Nutrients and trace Elements in a Pig Farm in Beijing： Chinese and German Recommendations

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2012年第2期2卷 191-208页

作者： Roxana Mendoza Huaitalla Eva Gallmann Xuejun Liu Eberhard Hartung Institute of Agricultural Engineering University of Hohenheim Stuttgart 70599 Germany College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University Beo＇ing 100094 China Institute of Agricultural Engineering Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel Kie124098 Germany

Emergence of Chinese economy together with the current Livestock Revolution in Asia have led to an increase of meat demands, specially pork that is reflected in the growth of commercial pig farms in peri-urban areas of Beijing, capital of People＇s Republic of China. In the framework of the International Research Training Group and of the Sino-Project Recycling of Organic Residues from Agricultural and Municipal Origin in China, the status quo of a large pig farm is researched. The first phase of the project was focused on a detailed description of the nutrients and trace elements contained in the main inputs （water, feed） and outputs （manure, wastewater） of the pig farm. The compliance with the Chinese national standards or often referred to as GB standards （in Chinese ＂GuoBiao＂） and, current German recommendations were included. The analysis of nutrients and trace minerals followed the natural structure of the pig life cycle, i.e., gestation, farrowing, weaning and fattening. The main results showed that the pig drinking water met the recommendations for livestock drinking water, ground water and human drinking water. Concentrations of Zn, Cu, Mn and As in the pig feeds samples displayed higher values compared to the Chinese and German recommendations. Average values of trace elements in the pig manure did not surpass the Chinese and German recommendations of biowastes, however, some manure samples showed excessive concentrations of Cd, Cu and Zn. Likewise, Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu and Zn concentrations in the wastewater surpassed the recommendations for irrigation water.

关键词： Nutrients trace minerals pig farm Chinese standard.

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